hydrogen degradation of explosion cladded steels warsaw university of technology, faculty of...

HYDROGEN DEGRADATIONOF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS

Warsaw University of Technology,

Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering,

Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland

Krystyna Lublińska, Andrzej Szummer, Krzysztof Jan Szpila, Krzysztof Jan Kurzydłowski

8th May, Lisse

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS

OUTLINE

1. Introduction

2. Research goals

3. Investigated materials and research techniques

4. Results

5. Conclusions

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BASIC INFORMATION

Warsaw

Faculty of Materials Science and EngineeringWarsaw University of Technology

The Faculty is currently carrying out 23 joint research projects with 19 foreign partners, which include: •Waterloo University, Canada•Beijing Polytechnic University, China•Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences•Universite Paris-Sud XI, France•Ecole des Mines de St. Etienne, France•Dortmund University, Germany•Max Planck Institut fur Metallforshung in Stuttgart, Germany•Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary•Moscow State University, Russia•Institutes of Physics of the Slovakian Academy of Sciences•Ulsan University, South Korea•Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain•Oxford University, UK•Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, UK•Cornell University, USA

• independent faculty since 1991

• institute since 1920

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structural steels

hydrogen degradation(hydrogen corrosion)

microstructural changes

reduction of useful properties

clad plates

disbonding

differences in:diffusion and solutibility of

hydrogentemperature

crystalographic structure

R. Paschold, L. Karlsson, M. F. Gittos, „Disbonding of Austenitic Weld Overlays in Hydroprocessing Applications”, Svetsaren no. 1 – 2007, 10-154/23


FCC vs. BCC

www-ee.ccny.cuny.edu

austenite ferrite

hydrogen diffusion coefficient10-15 m2/s 8,46·10-11 m2/s

hydrogen solutibility low

low

high

high

LOCAL SUPERSATURATION

OF HYDROGEN

DISBONDING5/23


RESEARCH GOALS

1. Investigation of influence of cathodic hydrogen on

microstructure of the interface of clad plate (304L/13CrMo4-5)

2. Determination of influence of heat treatment on hydrogen

corrosion of the interface of clad plate (304L/13CrMo4-5)

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15 mm of low alloy steel (13CrMo4-5)

Claded plates were manufactured during intership at ZTM „EXPLOMET” in Opole, Poland

Chemical composition [wt %]

C Si Mn S Cr Ni Mo

304L 0,019 0,34 1,68 0,001 18,27 8,11 -

13CrMo4-5 0,15 0,25 0,59 0,015 0,83 0,093 0,49

INVESTIGATED MATERIALS

3 mm of austenitic stainless steel (304L)304L

13CrMo4-5

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• light microscopy

• scanning electron microscopy

• shear tests (according to ASTM SA-264)

ANNEALING

RESEARCH TECHNIQUES

• 1223K (950°C)

• 1 hour

• argon atmosphere

• cooled with furnace

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EXPERIMENTAL - HYDROGEN CHARGING

Hydrogen charging parameters:

• 0,5M H2SO4 solution, with 1mg/dm3

As2O3 addition (hydrogen entry

promoter),

• ambient temperature,

• current density: 50mA/cm2

• time: 18 hours

Hydrogen charging parameters:

• 0,5M H2SO4 solution, with 1mg/dm3

As2O3 addition (hydrogen entry

promoter),

• ambient temperature,

• current density: 50mA/cm2

• time: 18 hours

spec

imen_

_

plat

iniu

m

anod

e+

+

H2SO4 + As2O3

power supply

(i – const.)

304L

13CrMo4-5

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polisched, unetched, uncharged sample

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EFFECT OF HYDROGEN CHARGING

hydrogen induced blistersin 13CrMo4-5 steel

hydrogen induced blisters with microcracksin 13CrMo4-5 steel

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a) 20h after hydrogen charging, 18 h, 0.1 A/cm2

c) without hydrogen charging

XRD patterns of 304 steel

A. Szummer ,”Hydrogen Degradation of Ferrous Alloys” USA (1985), 512

a)

b)

c)

304

b) directly after hydrogen charging, 18 h, 0.1 A/cm2

b) directly after hydrogen charging, 18 h, 0.1 A/cm2


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hydrogen induced microcracks (intergranular and transgranular) in 304L steel

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304L

13CrMo4-5304L

13CrMo4-5


304L

13CrMo4-5 304L

13CrMo4-5 304L

unannealed, hydrogen charged

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6/xx

EFFECT OF ANNEALING

304L

13CrMo4-5

304L

13CrMo4-5

unannealed annealed

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EFFECT OF ANNEALING

304L13CrMo4-5

304L 13CrMo4-5

unannealed annealed

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6/xx

EFFECT OF ANNEALING

304L

13CrMo4-5

304L

13CrMo4-5

unannealed annealed

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EFFECT OF ANNEALING

304L

13CrMo4-5

304L

13CrMo4-5

unannealed annealed

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304L13CrMo4-5304L

13CrMo4-5

EFFECT OF ANNEALING AND HYDROGEN CHARGING

13CrMo4-5

304L 304L 13CrMo4-5

unannealed annealed

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Shear strenght loss: Z = (RtN – RtH) 100%/ R∙ tN, where:

RtN – shear strenght of uncharged sample,

RtH – shear strenght of hydrogen charged sample.

SHEAR TESTS RESULTS

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16/xx

SHEAR TESTS RESULTS

uncharged, unannealed hydrogen charged, unannealed

hydrogen charged, annealeduncharged, annealed21/23


CONCLUSIONS

Hydrogen causes significant changes in microstructure in the flyer layer (surface microcracks and blisters) and base layer (blisters) of the investigated clad plates.

Annealing, which removes the high deformation of grains, allows to fabricate a clad plate, which may work in enviroment with hydrogen presence.

Strong detoriation of microstructure, caused by explosion cladding, increases susceptibility to increased hydrogen embritllement in the thin layer of austenitic stainless steels along the interface.

Annealing allows to avoid formation of brittle area along the interface, produce more homogeneous material and reduces the negative effect of hydrogen.

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THANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTION

23/23

hydrogen degradation of explosion cladded steels warsaw university of technology, faculty of...

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