Hypoglycemia

Presented by : SSN: Ali Ahmed

On 25 – 09 – 2012

What is it ?A person with systematically low

levels of blood glucose (sugar) has hypoglycemia.

Glucose is the body's main energy source.

Hypoglycemia is not a disease in itself- it is the result of an underlying issue or combination of them.

Mild Symptoms.Trembling/shakiness

Sweating

Anxiety

Irritability

Pallor.

Heart palpitations.

Headache.

Severe Symptoms When the hypoglycemia is more severe the

following signs or symptoms are possible:

Concentration problems

Confusion

Irrational and disorderly behavior (similar to somebody who is drunk)

Seizures (uncommon)

Loss of consciousness (uncommon)

Causes of HypoglycemiaIt most commonly happens when a person

with diabetes has taken too much insulin.

Exercise without proper food intake.

Skipping meals

Lack of glucagon (hormone that is secreted from the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels)

Excessive alcohol consumption: drinking heavily can block liver from releasing stored glucose

Tumor of pancreas known as an Insulinoma

Insulin

Glucagon

Alchohol

Management Check blood sugar often, if below

70mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) stabilize it by eating.

Full conscious patient: 1- oral glucose , sucrose or any sugar containing fluid.

Patient mental function:

1- IV 50% dextrose 25 – 50 ml or as much as possible until patient mental state recover.

2- If hypoglycemia is caused by long acting insulin continue 10% dextrose drip for 24 hr. – 48 hr.

3- Glucagon 1 mg IM , SC can be given to treat severe hypoglycemia if IV accesses difficult.

PreventionChecking blood glucose levels - keep a

regular check on blood sugar levels and identify the onset of symptoms.

Eat regularly - keep to your eating routine.

Exercise - make sure you have eaten some carbohydrate-rich food before you do any exercise.

Preventions cont.

Be ready - children with diabetes type 1 should always carry a container of sugary fruit juice or a candy bar so that they are ready if symptoms are felt.

Let people know - if you are susceptible to attacks of hypoglycemia, let your friends, colleagues and family members know. Explain what the signs are and what should be done.

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Concolution : 1- Hypoglycemia is a condition characterized by abnormally low level of blood sugar.

2- More serious to be treated fast.

3- Continues monitoring of the hypoglycemia patient.

4- Diabetic patient should informed to take food in the time.

REFERANCE

Mathura , R. M. F., & Schiel Jr., W. C. (2008, 21 10). Medicine net. Retrieved from http://www.medicinenet.com/hypoglycemia/article.htm

Robin, S. R. (1999). Hypoglycemic diabetes. Rydner. DOI: Farver, A. F. (2009, June 2). Hypoglycemic complications. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/diabet

Rickers, F. (2008). National diabetes information clearinghouse. Retrieved from http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/hypoglycemia/

Thomas, P. (2010, January 12). Mayo clinic. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hypoglycemia/DS00198/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs

REFERANCE CON

Davey, D. P. (16, February 20). Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) in non-diabetic people. Retrieved from http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/bloodsugarlow.htm

Hypoglycemia!. (1999). Retrieved from http://www.hemorrhoidinformationcenter.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Hypoglycemia-Information-Graphic.jpg

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