I. Introduction

A. The Greenhousean environmentally

controlled structure designed for the production of plants.

B. Greenhouse Advantages Control of • Aerial Environment

– Light intensity – Temperature – CO2

– Day length– Humidity – Air circulation

• Root Environment – Growing media - air and water – Irrigation – Fertilization

• Insect and disease

Almost every factor required for plant growth regulated for maximum production.

Growth rooms with optimum lighting in the future represent completely controlled environments.

Production of 5 times the quantity of a product than can be grown in field environment.

C. Crops Produced in Greenhouses

•All Plants• Flowering crops–Cut flowers–Pot plants–Bedding plants–Foliage plants

• Vegetable and fruit crops– Lettuce –Cauliflower– Tomatoes–Strawberry–Broccoli –Cucumbers –Radish

•Nursery crops–Propagation–Overwintering–Growing

D. What Determines Greenhouse Location?

1. Market• Developed and industrialized countries• Large population• Product• Size• Competitors• Price• Quality

2. Climate

• Light

• Temperature

•Weather

• Pollution

3. Transportation

4. Low production costs

• Fuel• Labor• Water• Electricity• Taxes• Government support

5.Import restrictions6.Site

• Air movement• Drainage• Soil• Convenience• Zoning

7. Funding

• Production credit• Farmer's home Adm.• Land bank• Banks• Entrepreneur

8. Abilities of owner

• Manage –People–Money–Production

• Market product• Competitive ability

E. World Greenhouse Acreage

•United States• Japan• The Netherlands•West Germany•Great Britain• Italy

F. U.S. greenhouse Industry-9,000-10,000 growers

-3-4 billon $ industry

-Acres: 10,000+

5000-polyethylene

2500-fiberglass & rigid plastics

2000-glass

Shade 800 acres

G. Kentucky Greenhouse Industry

U.S. Floriculture Production AcresAcres

California 2,866California 2,866 FloridaFlorida 1,452 1,452 Ohio Ohio 543 543 MichiganMichigan 574 574 New YorkNew York 371 371 PennsylvaniaPennsylvania 383 383 TexasTexas 461 461 IllinoisIllinois 186 186 New JerseyNew Jersey 236 236 North Carolina 224North Carolina 224 ColoradoColorado 222 222 OregonOregon 210 210 WashingtonWashington 156 156 Hawaii Hawaii 68 68

Wisconsin Wisconsin 129 129 MinnesotaMinnesota 151 151 MarylandMaryland 130 130 Indiana Indiana 142 142 MissouriMissouri 116 116 MassachusettsMassachusetts 98 98 Alabama Alabama 118 118 GeorgiaGeorgia 98 98 IowaIowa 89 89 TennesseeTennessee 99 99 KansasKansas 58 58 VirginiaVirginia 45 45 ConnecticutConnecticut 52 52 ArkansasArkansas 34 34

G. Problems facing industry

Fuel cost- heating, electricity, transportation

Labor - availability & cost

Pesticide use – availability & restrictions

Water - quality & available

No runoff

H. Future-increase protected crop production• Increasing ultraviolet radiation on plants

• Decreasing fresh water supplies and quality

• Increasing erosion of top soil and degradation

• Increasing problems with insect pests and diseases

• Global climate changes