I Nyoman Radiarta1; Husnah Samhudi1

Widyatmoko2, Gede Ari Yudasmara3

Email: radiarta@yahoo.com 1Agency for Marine Affair and Fisheries Research and Development, MMAF

2PT Suri Tani Pemuka, JAPFA 3Ganesha Education University, Bali

Indonesia Aquaculture Aquaculture Carrying Capacity (ACC) Research to support ACC Future Perspective

CONTENTS

INDONESIAN AQUACULTURE

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Prod

uctio

n (M

illio

ns)

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

19901993

19961999

2002

2005

2008

Thou

sand

s

(MMAF, 2009)

Development of aquaculture sector needed a strategic and innovative policies through effective actions as well as look at the recent trend (i.e. environmental aspect; carrying capacity; climate change issues)

MMAF Indonesia Program → Enhancement of quantity and quality fisheries and aquaculture products in Indonesia

MINAPOLITAN

INDUSTRIALISASI

BLUE ECONOMY

Cluster and comodity based

Production enhancement and value added product

Environmental based for sustainability

INDONESIAN AQUACULTURE

INDONESIAN AQUACULTURE

2011

2012

2013 2014

6.847.500 Tones Realization= 6.976.750

tones( 101,89%)

9.415.700 Tones Increasing 38% from

2011

13.020.800 Tones Increasing 38 % from

2012

16.891.000 Tones Increasing 30 % From

2013

0 2 4 6

Seaweed

Grouper

Snapper

Shrimp

Milk fish

Tilapia

Crap

Cat Fish

Cat fish-Clarias spp

Grouramy

Other fish

Millions Tons

2010 2011 2012

INDONESIAN AQUACULTURE

Aquaculture Production Based on Commodities

Reanalysis from FAO online database (FAO, 2011)

% Volume % Value

15 70

63

21

1

20 9 1

Freshwater fish

Aquatic plants

(carnivores)

(omnivores/herbivores)

(filter feeder/omnivores)

(photosynthetic)

Molluscs/Others animal

Marine & diadromous fish/Crustacean

Aquaculture production in 2009

INDONESIAN AQUACULTURE

AQUACULTURE CARRYING CAPACITY

Four generic types of carrying capacity can be applied to aquaculture development (Inglis et al., 2000): 1. Physical carrying capacity: the total area of farm

that can be accommodated in the available physical space,

2. Production carrying capacity: the stocking density of species at which harvests are maximised,

3. Ecological carrying capacity: the stocking or farm density which causes unacceptable ecological impacts,

4. Social carrying capacity: the level of farm development that causes unacceptable social impacts.

AQUACULTURE CARRYING CAPACITY

Physical CC

Production CC

Ecological CC

Social CC

Water depth Current Temperature etc…

Plankton Detritus Nutrient etc…

Communities structure Mass balance model etc…

Traditional fisheries Recreation etc…

Guidance /feedback

McKindsey et al., 2006

AQUACULTURE CARRYING CAPACITY Aquaculture ecosystem Spatial scale related

with aquaculture Farm scale (small scale)

The watershed /aquaculture zone (geographic region)

Wider regional (global scale)

1. Fresh water 2. Brackish water 3. Marine

aquaculture

GIS and RS Solution Greatly improve understanding of the interaction

between aquaculture, other sectors and the ecosystem. Assist decision maker for making better planning and

management.

AQUACULTURE CARRYING CAPACITY

Tabular Graphic; Map Digital data Satellite RS

Thematic Map Statistic Report

GIS: Data management; manipulation and analytic operation

Users requirement

PROCESS

INPUT

OUTPUT

Common RS/GIS Analyses

Problems

Limited sites Impact on environment

Multi-use conflicts

Solution

INTAQ/IMTA (Troell et al., 2009; FAO, 2010)

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT AQUACULTURE CARRYING CAPACITY

RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ACC

Stock Enhancement (Uki, 2006)

RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ACC

1. Inventory and monitoring of aquaculture environment

Arus perairan

Arus perairanArus perairan

IkanIkan

2. Modeling of site selection

3. Integrated aquaculture - IMTA