i t & s a e r o s p a c ed e f e n c e content adaptation for gradual quality of service vania...

I T & S A e r o s p a c e D e f e n c e

Content adaptation for gradual Quality of ServiceContent adaptation for gradual Quality of Service

Vania Conan, Arnaud PierreThales

[email protected]@fr.thalesgroup.com

Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004

Example problem: video over heterogeneous networks

Problem:

How to manage QoS in heterogeneous networks characterised by various types of radio links (UMTS, WLAN, …) , load variations and typology.

User with laptop PC

User with Mobile phone

Group of users

User with PDA


Presentation plan

1- Content adaptation problem applications

2- Middleware application Layer Concepts architecture

3- Overlay networks principles current work

4- Overlay management PDP/PEP approach

5- Conclusions


The concept of Content Adaptation Module

Examples of needs for content adaptationExamples of needs for content adaptation

1.1. HTML content adaptationHTML content adaptation

2.2. VRMLVRML

3.3. VideoVideo

ConditionsConditions

Input Input information information

ContentContent

adaptedinformation information

ContentContent

Content adaptation


Compressed Image bitstream

Progressive Transmission by quality

0.125bpp 0.25bpp 1bpp lossless


Compressed Image bitstream

Progressive Transmission by resolution


Content adaptation

WirelessNetwork

User Profile

Content adaptation

adapt information Nature or/and Structureto a set of constraints

End userEquipment

Wireless network constraints

low bandwidth (low signal power)

connection cut hazards

End user equipment (heterogeneous)

laptop PC

PDA environment

mobile phone environment

user profile

user role in the organisation

access control


Presentation plan





5- Conclusions


unified information format

Header

Information Content

CAM

Rules

Incoming Incoming cellcell

Output Output cellcell

Information structure: a “cell”Information structure: a “cell”

Cell:: (Header, Content)>Header:: (Parameter +)Content:: (Properties, Data)Properties:: (Property *)


Information Flow

transport leveltransport level

cell levelcell level

information levelinformation level

Cell ParsersCell Parsers

Content adaptation ServiceContent adaptation Service

00101101…00101101…

text...text...


A system of rulesA system of rules

Content propertiesContent properties

Loaded ServiceLoaded ServiceContentContentAdapted Adapted ContentContent

Set of RulesSet of Rules

ContextContext(System state)(System state)

Type Type Of ContentOf Content

If [setOfProperties] Then [...] Else […]setOfProperties] Then [...] Else […]

Rule design DTD Description

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><!ELEMENT rule (ruleID, instruction)><!ELEMENT ruleIDruleID (#PCDATA)><!ELEMENT instructioninstruction (condition, thenExpression, elseExpression)><!ELEMENT conditioncondition (booleanExpression)> <!ELEMENT booleanExpressionbooleanExpression (operator, operandList)><!ELEMENT operatoroperator (and|or|not)><!ELEMENT andand EMPTY><!ELEMENT oror EMPTY><!ELEMENT notnot EMPTY><!ELEMENT operandListoperandList (operand+)><!ELEMENT operandoperand (booleanExpression|property)><!ELEMENT propertyproperty EMPTY><!ATTLIST propertyproperty name CDATA #REQUIRED><!ELEMENT thenExpressionthenExpression (instruction|statement)><!ELEMENT elseExpressionelseExpression (instruction|statement)><!ELEMENT statementstatement (serviceID)><!ELEMENT serviceIDserviceID (#PCDATA)>


Module Architecture

Libraries of Resources

Serv. Rules Info

Process

Process Management

ProcessorFactory

Statistics & evaluation

External Communication

MessagesManagement

Module

Events generation

Module

Information Capture

Cellcapture

Content extraction

CAM State Management

CAMState

ProfileManagement

Information Delivery

Cellgeneration

Content formatting

Cell parser Library


Where to find content adaptation?

•Client-based integration

PDA content Adaptation HTML, images

•Server-based integration

Module implemented by server routines

VRML objects

•Network based integration

Entity A

Entity B

Adaptation Module

LANLAN WLANWLANRelayRelay


Presentation plan


2- Middleware application Layer Concepts Architecture



5- Conclusions


Definition

An overlay network is a network built on top of existing networks

replaces some of the functionality of underlying network e.g. addressing, routing, service model

adds an additional layer of indirection builds a virtual network

makes new services available to applications Resource discovery Enhanced features (multicast, security, reliability)

It is an alternative to changing the global operational infrastructure

Entity A

Entity B

Overlay nodes


Pros: Reuse

Reuse of existing infrastructure (hardware, software, providers)

No modification of existing network layer software/protocols

But Deploy new software on top of existing software

P2P software, ...

Possibly deploy new hardware cache servers, ...

Support evolving network services expensive to develop entirely new networking hardware/software all networks after the telephone have begun as overlay networks


Pros: Reuse !

Not every node needs/wants overlay network service all the time e.g., QoS guarantees for best-effort traffic

Overlay network may be too heavyweight for some nodes e.g., consumes too much memory, cycles, or bandwidth

Overlay network may have unclear security properties e.g., may be used for service denial attack

Overlay network may scale poorly e.g. may require n2 state or communication


Cons

Adds overhead Adds a layer in networking stack

Additional packet headers, processing load at the nodes

Sometimes, additional work is redundant E.g. addressing

Adds complexity Layering does not eliminate complexity, it only manages it

Another layer ! more possible unintended interaction between layers E.g., corruption drops on wireless interpreted as congestion drops by TCP


Presentation plan





5- Conclusions


QoS policy management

ProxyProxyFiltering

service eg. JPEG2000

JPEG2000 JPEG2000 serverserver

ClienClientt

ClientClient

QoS policy (SLS)QoS policy (SLS)

Decision pointDecision point

Negotiated contract (SLA)Negotiated contract (SLA)


Network Deployment

Two steps procedure:

- at call set up: opening a session and launching adaptation set up : PDP

- during the session: filtering of content : PEP

user

AR

AR

Video server

Router+ PEP

Router

PSJRMPDP


Video adaptation concept demonstrator

The system is composed of three distinct modules:A broadcasting video server A broadcasting video server acts as a source of JPEG images.Its main role is to generate a video flow of images which are sent to a specific proxy. A filter proxyA filter proxyIt receives the image flow from the source and transmits it to the client. The “video” flow is truncated according to the QoS parameters required by each client.Input: flow of JPEG images issued by the source, client transmit/QoS requests Output: personalized “Video” flow for each clientthe client modulethe client moduleAfter sending to the proxy connection and QoS parameters, its role is to receive decompress and display the “video” flow.Input: flow of JPEG images issued by the proxy, Output: client/QoS requests for configuring the proxy.

Flow of JPEG images Video broadcasting server

proxy

PDA client

PC client

Lite PC client


Presentation plan





5- Conclusions


Conclusions

Overlay network built on top of the Internet for content adaptation

Middleware supports processing of structured data dynamic upload of new processing features rules-based external supervision

On going work Link with overlay management Application to multicast video delivery


End

Thank you !

i t & s a e r o s p a c ed e f e n c e content adaptation for gradual quality of service vania...

Documents

parameter content

overlay networkspros

bandwidthoverlay network

existing networks

existing softwarep2p

new hardwarecache servers

heterogeneous networksproblem

service model