I. Words for ProductionI. Words for Production

II. Idioms and PhrasesII. Idioms and Phrases

III. Word SmartIII. Word Smart

1.1. publishpublish vt. to make a piece of writing available for people to read in a magazine or newspaper; to produce many copies of a book, magazine etc. 刊登，刊載；出版，發行 Charlotte’s poems will be published in the newspaper this Sunday. Nowadays, many dictionaries are published on CD-ROM besides on paper.

derivatives Reading

A new collection of modern poetry is ready for publication; people may buy copies of it in a few days. That bookstore sells all kinds of publications, such as books, magazines, and newspapers.

publicationpublication n. [U] 出版，發行； [C] 出版品，刊物

I have mailed my story to two publishers, and one of them is considering publishing it.

publisherpublisher n. [C] 出版社，發行人

Under the guidance of the professor, the students were able to carry out their research without much difficulty.

2.2. guidanceguidance n. [U] help and advice about how someone should behave or what he/she should do 指導，引導

derivatives Reading

The experiment was a bit complicated, so the teacher had to guide the students through it.

guideguide vt. 指導，引導

The tour guide took a group of people to visit the church and gave them some information about it.

guideguide n. [C] 導遊

Since my English was not good, I had a tough time during my first few months in the United States.

3.3. toughtough adj. (of something) difficult to deal with 困難的，棘手的

Reading

To join the club, people are required to fill out a form of personal details such as address and ID number.

4.4. personalpersonal adj. private and not known to other people 個人的

Reading

The publisher asked the writer to bring some samples of his work to show her.

5.5. sample sample n. [C] a small amount or example of something, that can show people what the rest of something is like 例子，範例

Reading

Carl argued with his girlfriend because they disagreed about which movie to see.

6.6. argueargue vi. to speak angrily to someone about something because of disagreements 爭論，爭吵

Readingderivatives

Lisa got into an argument with the taxi driver over who should take the blame for the car accident.

argumentargument n. [C] 爭論，爭吵

As a writer, Tina may not earn a fortune, but she does, at least, earn a living.

7.7. earnearn vt. to receive money for the work that one does 賺 ( 錢 )

Reading

After our bitter fight, Maggie gave me an angry look and left the room.The pills were so bitter that I had to drink a lot of water to get rid of the taste.

8.8. bitterbitter adj. (of arguments, fights, conflicts, etc.) serious and unpleasant with intense feelings of anger and hate; having a strong, unpleasant taste that is not sweet 激烈的，苦澀的

Reading

Harry encountered a lot of difficulties when he studied in the United Kingdom.Last Friday, I encountered a former classmate on my way home.

9.9. encounterencounter vt. to experience something unpleasant or difficult; to meet someone or see something for the first time or unexpectedly 遭遇，遇到 ( 困難 等 ) ； ( 意外地 ) 遇見，邂逅

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encounterencounter n. [C] 相遇，邂逅

My first encounter with Steve dates back to the summer of 1999 when both of us joined the same tour group to Japan.

10.10. ganggang n. [C] a group of young people who often spend time together and usually cause trouble ㄧ幫，一夥 ( 尤指常惹事生非的年輕人 )

Yesterday, I saw a gang of teenagers hitting two kids in the park.

Reading

11.11. threatenthreaten vt. to say that someone may or will be harmed if he/she does not follow an order 威脅，恐嚇

Josh threatened to reveal Amy’s secret if she told the teacher that he smoked.

Reading

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threatthreat n. [C] 威脅，恐嚇

After the robber made a threat to kill the elderly lady, she quickly gave him her purse.

12.12. bullybully n. [C] someone who frightens or hurts other people who are smaller or weaker 恃強凌弱者

Daniel is a school bully. He always threatens to hurt the younger students if they don’t listen to him.

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bullybully vt. 脅迫，欺負 Tommy is often bullied at school. Many of the older students like to hit him, for no reason.

13.13. sortsort n. [C] a group of things or people that are of the same type or have similar features or qualities 種類，類 型 Gina suffers from some sort of disease, but the doctor is not sure what it is.

Reading

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sortsort vt. 將…分類 The researchers sorted all the information they collected into different groups.

14.14. depresseddepressed adj. feeling very sad or losing hope 沮喪的，消沉的 Although Ivan was depressed about his awful exam results, he didn’t give up and

studied even harder.

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depressdepress vt. 使沮喪，使消沉

The death of her son deeply depressed the woman; she seemed to lose all hope.

depressiondepression n. [U][C] 沮喪，消沉 The trip to Paris helped Ellen come out of her depression after the death of herhusband.Peter fell into a deep depression after his girlfriend broke up with him.

15.15. horriblyhorribly adv. extremely; in a very frightening way 非常地；嚇人 地，可怕地 It was horribly painful for the old man to move his injured back. He suffered a lot. What’s the matter with the singer? She is singing horribly on stage.

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horriblehorrible adj. 糟透的；嚇人的，可怕的 The weather is horrible today; it is raining heavily and the wind is blowing hard.That guy has a horrible scar on his face, and it scares everyone who sees it.

16.16. acceptaccept vt. to recognize that a bad situation can’t be changed; to take something that has been offered 承認；認可，接受

Calvin is not going to change for you, so why don’t you just accept the way he is. It can be really dangerous to accept a stranger’s offer of a drink.

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17.17. greasygreasy adj. (of food) cooked with much oil 油膩的

Stop eating greasy fried chicken; it is bad for your health.

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18.18. individualindividual n. [C] a person considered separately from other people 個人

The singing contest is open to teams as well as individuals.

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individualindividual adj. 個人的；個別的

Everyone is welcome to express his or her individual ideas during the meeting. Each individual flower in the garden is different.

19.19. positivelypositively adv. in a way that one is thinking of the good results of a situation rather than the bad ones 積極地 Try to think positively; the result of the competition may surprise you.

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positivepositive adj. 積極的 Susan has a positive attitude toward life. She always believes everything in her life will get better.

Idioms and PhrasesIdioms and Phrases

1.1. hang aroundhang around

to spend a lot of time with others or in

a particular place 廝混，閒蕩 Eric and his friends often hang around

the Internet café.

Reading

2.2. pick onpick on

to keep on treating someone unkindly

找 ( 某人的 ) 麻煩；欺負 ( 某人 )

Some girls in the class always pick on

Peggy. They always treat her badly.

Reading

3.3. out of placeout of place feeling uncomfortable in a particular situation or occasion; (of something) not in the correct or usual position 格格不入的，不相稱的；不在適當位 置的 The poor young man felt out of place among his rich friends. When Billy returned home from Japan, he noticed that the things at his home were out of place.

Reading

4.4. talk overtalk over to discuss a problem with someone 商量，討論

Let’s talk over how we should carry out the plan before we take action.

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5.5. plenty ofplenty of a large amount of something, or a large number of things, often more than enough 大量的

The students have plenty of time to do the experiment, so they can take their time.

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6.6. make clearmake clear to express something in a simple and direct way so that people can understand it 清楚地說明

Frank made it clear to his boss that he would quit the job.

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7.7. sort...outsort...out to successfully solve a problem or deal with a difficult situation 解決 ( 問題 ) ，處理 ( 狀況 )

Jeff thinks money will help him sort all his problems out, but he is wrong.

Reading

Word SmartWord Smart

字尾“ -ist” 與名詞結合，可以構成表示「 ( 某活動或工作的 ) 從事者」、「 ( 某學科的研究者 ) 」或「 ( 某樂器的 ) 演奏者」之意的名詞。

art → artist 藝術家 column → columnist 專欄作家 science → scientist 科學家 tour → tourist 旅遊者，觀光者 cycle → cyclist 騎腳踏車的人 piano → pianist 鋼琴家 結束放映