IA-32

IA-32 4

253665-013J) A A-M 253666-013J) B N-Z 253667-013J) 253668-013J)

4

2004

IA-32 Pentium 4 Pentium III

Pentium 4 BIOSOS HT http://www.intel.co.jp/jp/info/hyperthreading/

Intel Intel386Intel486Intel NetBurstCeleronMMXPentiumIntel SpeedStepVTuneXeon Intel Corporation

*

1997-2004, Intel Corporation.

http://www.intel.co.jp/jp/info/hyperthreading/

1 .........................................................................................1-11.1. IA-32 ................................................................................1-11.2.IA-32

......................................................1-21.3. ..............................................................................................................................1-4

1.3.1. .......................................................................1-51.3.2. ...................................................................1-51.3.3. ................................................................................................1-61.3.4. 16 2 ......................................................................................................1-71.3.5. ..................................................................................1-71.3.6. ......................................................................................................................1-8

1.4. ...........................................................................................................................1-81.5. URL..........................................................................................................................1-9

2 .........................................................2-12.1. .....................................................................2-2

2.1.1. ...............................................................................................................2-3

2.1.2. ........................2-32.1.3. .................................................2-42.1.4. / .............................................................................................2-52.1.5. ...........................................................................................................2-52.1.6. ................................................................................................2-62.1.7. ..................................................................................2-7

2.2. .......................................................................................................................2-72.3. EFLAGS .........................................................2-92.4. .......................................................................................................2-12

2.4.1. GDTR.........................2-122.4.2. LDTR.............................2-132.4.3. IDTR..................................2-132.4.4. TR........................................................................................2-13

2.5. .................................................................................................................2-142.5.1. CPUID ...................................................................2-22

2.6. ...................................................................................................2-222.6.1. .................................................................2-242.6.2. ...........................................................................................2-252.6.3. .................................................................2-262.6.4. TLB ...............................................................................2-262.6.5. ..............................................................................................2-262.6.6. ...........2-272.6.7. .......................................................2-28

3 .............................................................3-13.1. ............................................................................................................3-13.2. .........................................................................................................3-3

3.2.1. .............................................................................................3-43.2.2. ..................................................................................3-43.2.3. ..................................................................................3-63.2.4. .......................................................................3-7

3.3. ............................................................................................................3-73.4. .......................................................................................3-8

3.4.1. .........................................................................................3-9

iii

IA-32

3.4.2. .......................................................................................3-103.4.3. ............................................................................3-12

3.4.3.1. - ..................3-163.5. .............................................................................3-18

3.5.1. ..........................................................3-193.6. .................................................................................3-22

3.6.1. ...................................................................................3-233.6.2. ..........................................................3-24

3.7. 32 ......................................................3-243.7.1. 4K .......................................................3-253.7.2. 4M ......................................................3-263.7.3. 4K 4M ..............................................3-273.7.4. ..................................................................................................3-283.7.5. ..........................................................3-283.7.6. ...................3-283.7.7.

............................................................................3-343.8. PAE 36 ........................3-35

3.8.1. PAE 4K ...........3-363.8.2. PAE 2M ..........3-373.8.3.

.............................................................................................................3-383.8.4.

..........................................................3-393.9. PSE-36 36 ...................3-423.10. .............................................................................3-443.11.TLB............................................3-45

4 ........................................................................................................4-14.1. / ..................................................................4-24.2. ...............4-24.3. ............................................................................................................4-54.4. ................................................................................................................4-6

4.4.1. ............................................................4-84.5. .......................................................................................................................4-94.6. ......................................4-11

4.6.1. ...................................................4-144.7. SS ......................................................4-144.8. .............4-14

4.8.1. .....................................4-154.8.1.1. .................4-164.8.1.2. .....................4-18

4.8.2. ...................................................................................4-194.8.3. .....................................................................................................4-194.8.4. .................................4-214.8.5. ...................................................................................4-254.8.6. .................................................................4-284.8.7. SYSENTER SYSEXIT

...........................................................................................4-294.9. .........................................................................................................................4-314.10.............................................................................................4-32

4.10.1. LAR ..................................................................4-324.10.2. / VERR VERW .......................4-334.10.3. LSL ..4-344.10.4. ARPL .......................................4-344.10.5. ...................................................................................4-37

iv

4.11........................................................................................................4-374.11.1. ..............................................................................................4-384.11.2. .....................................................................4-384.11.3. .....................................................................................................4-394.11.4. 2 ........................................4-404.11.5. ............................................................................4-40

4.12....................................................................4-40

5 ...........................................................................5-15.1. .....................................................................................................5-15.2. ..........................................................................................5-25.3. ............................................................................................................5-2

5.3.1. .......................................................................................................5-35.3.2. .......................................................................5-55.3.3. ..................................................................................5-5

5.4. ...................................................................................................................5-65.4.1. .....................................................................................5-65.4.2. .........................................................................................5-65.4.3. .............................................................................................5-6

5.5. .......................................................................................................................5-75.6. ............................................................................5-85.7. NMI: Nonmaskable Interrupt...................................................5-9

5.7.1. NMI .............................................................................................5-105.8. / .......................................................................5-10

5.8.1. ...............................................5-105.8.2. .................................................................5-115.8.3. ..........................5-12

5.9. ...........................................................5-125.10.IDT: Interrupt Descriptor Table.......................5-135.11. IDT .......................................................................................................5-155.12. ...............................................................................................5-16

5.12.1. / ...........................................................5-175.12.1.1. / .................................5-195.12.1.2. / .......5-20

5.12.2. ..................................................................................................5-205.13. .................................................................................................................5-235.14......................................................................................5-24

0 #DE............................................................................5-25 1 #DB...............................................................................5-26 2 NMI ..........................................................................................5-27 3 #BP.................................................................5-28 4 #OF....................................................................5-29 5 BOUND #BR................................................................5-30 6 #UD....................................................................5-31 7 #NM................................................................5-33 8 #DF.....................................................................5-35 9 .............................................5-38 10 TSS #TS............................................................................5-39 11 #NP..................................................................5-42 12 #SS...............................................................5-44 13 #GP.............................................................................5-46 14 #PF...................................................................5-49 16 x87 FPU #MF......................................................5-53 17 #AC....................................................5-56 18 #MC..................................................................5-59 19 SIMD #XF...............................................................5-61

v

IA-32

32 255 ................................................................5-64

6 .............................................................................................6-16.1. ............................................................................................................6-1

6.1.1. .......................................................................................................6-16.1.2. ................................................................................................6-26.1.3. .......................................................................................................6-3

6.2. .................................................................................................6-56.2.1. TSS..............................................................6-56.2.2. TSS ............................................................................................6-86.2.3. ..................................................................................................6-106.2.4. .....................................................................6-10

6.3. ...................................................................................................6-136.4. ..............................................................................................................6-17

6.4.1. ......................6-196.4.2. ................................................................................6-20

6.5. .......................................................................................................6-206.5.1. ........................................6-216.5.2. ................................................................................6-22

6.6. 16 TSS.....................................................6-23

7 ...........................................................................7-17.1. ..........................................................................................7-2

7.1.1. .....................................................................................7-37.1.2. .......................................................................................................7-4

7.1.2.1. ....................................................................................7-47.1.2.2. ....................................................7-5

7.1.3. .................................................7-77.1.4. .........................................................7-8

7.2. .....................................................................................................7-97.2.1. Pentium Intel486

.........................................................................................7-97.2.2. Pentium 4 Xeon

P6 ......................................7-107.2.3. Pentium 4 Xeon

P6 ..............................................................7-12

7.2.4. / ...................................................................................7-13

7.3. ...........................................................7-16

7.4. ..............................................................................................................7-167.5. MP...................................................................................7-18

7.5.1. BSP AP .....................................................................7-197.5.2. Xeon MP

...........................................................................................7-207.5.3. Xeon MP .........7-207.5.4. MP ...................................................................................................7-22

7.5.4.1. BSP .......................................................7-227.5.4.2. AP ..........................................................7-24

7.5.5. MP ..................................................................7-257.6. ......................................................................7-26

7.6.1. .............................7-277.6.1.1. ................................................................7-287.6.1.2. APIC .......................................................................................7-297.6.1.3. MTRR................................................7-29

vi

7.6.1.4. PAT...............................................................7-297.6.1.5. ..................................................7-307.6.1.6. .............................................................7-307.6.1.7. .............................................................7-307.6.1.8. IA32_MISC_ENABLE MSR................................................................7-317.6.1.9. .......................................................................7-317.6.1.10. ..................................................................................7-317.6.1.11. .......................................7-317.6.1.12. ..................................................................................7-32

7.6.2. HT ..............................................................7-327.6.2.1. ....................................................................7-327.6.2.2.

TLB.................................................................................7-337.6.2.3. .........................................................................................7-337.6.2.4. ...............................................................................7-34

7.6.3. ...............................................7-347.6.3.1. MONITOR/MWAIT ........................................7-35

7.6.4. IA-32 ........7-357.6.5. IA-32

.......................................................................................7-367.6.6. IA-32

..................................................................................................7-377.7. .............................................................................7-38

7.7.1. HLT ............................................................................................................7-387.7.2. PAUSE .......................................................................................................7-387.7.3. MONITOR/MWAIT .....................................................................................7-397.7.4. Monitor/Mwait ................................................................7-417.7.5. MP ...........................................................7-427.7.6. ...............................................7-46

7.7.6.1. spin-wait PAUSE .......................................7-477.7.6.2. ...........................................7-497.7.6.3.

......................................................................................7-507.7.6.4. ...........................................7-507.7.6.5. 128

....................................................................7-51

8 APIC...........8-18.1. APIC I/O APIC ..................................................................................8-28.2. APIC ..............................................................................................8-68.3. 82489DX APICAPICxAPIC .................................................8-68.4. APIC .................................................................................................................8-7

8.4.1. APIC ...............................................................................8-78.4.2. APIC ........................................................................................8-108.4.3. APIC ..............................................................8-118.4.4. APIC ..................................................................8-128.4.5. APIC ......................................................................8-128.4.6. APIC ID...............................................................................................8-138.4.7. APIC ........................................................................................8-14

8.4.7.1. APIC .........................8-148.4.7.2. APIC ......................8-148.4.7.3. INIT APIC "wait-for-SIPI" .......8-158.4.7.4. INIT IPI APIC ..........................8-15

8.4.8. APIC ..............................................................8-168.5. ...............................................................................................8-16

8.5.1. ............................................................................8-178.5.2. .......................................................................................8-208.5.3. .........................................................................................................8-21

vii

IA-32

8.5.4. APIC .......................................................................................................8-228.5.5. ............................................................................8-24

8.6. ........................................................................................8-248.6.1. ICR....................................................................8-248.6.2. IPI .......................................................................8-30

8.6.2.1. .....................................................8-318.6.2.2. .....................................................8-328.6.2.3. / ...................................................8-348.6.2.4. .......................................................................8-34

8.6.3. IPI .........................................................................................8-368.7. APIC ........................................................8-368.8. ..............................................................................................................8-37

8.8.1. Pentium 4 Xeon .....................................................................................................8-37

8.8.2. P6 Pentium .....................................................................................................8-38

8.8.3. ..........................................................8-408.8.3.1. .....................................................8-41

8.8.4. ...................................................................................8-428.8.5. ............................................................................8-44

8.9. .......................................................................................................8-458.10.APIC

P6 Pentium ....................8-468.10.1. ...................................................................................8-47

8.11......................................................................................8-478.11.1. ..........................................................8-488.11.2. ..............................................................8-50

9 ....................................................................9-19.1. ...................................................................................................................9-1

9.1.1. ...........................................................................9-39.1.2.

BIST: Processor Built-in Self-test.....................................................................9-39.1.3. ...................................................................9-69.1.4. .........................................................................................9-7

9.2. x87 FPU ............................................................................................................9-79.2.1. x87 FPU ............................................................................................9-89.2.2. x87 FPU .............9-9

9.3. .................................................................................................9-99.4. MSR.........................................................................................9-109.5. MTRR............................................................................9-119.6. SSESSE2SSE3 .....................................................................9-119.7. ....................................................9-12

9.7.1. IDT .......................................................................................9-129.7.2. NMI ..........................................................................................9-13

9.8. ...............................................................9-139.8.1. .....................................................................9-149.8.2. ...................................................9-159.8.3. ...........................................................................................9-159.8.4. ................................................................................9-16

9.9. ..............................................................................................................9-169.9.1. ...................................................................................9-179.9.2. .....................................................................9-18

9.10. ........................................................................................9-199.10.1. ..............................................................................................9-229.10.2. STARTUP.ASM ......................................................................................9-23

viii

9.10.3. MAIN.ASM ...................................................................................9-319.10.4. .......................................................................................9-32

9.11. .............................................................................9-349.11.1. .........................................................................9-349.11.2. ..........................................................9-399.11.3. ..............................................................................................9-409.11.4. ...................................................................................9-419.11.5. ...............................................9-429.11.6. ..........................................................9-43

9.11.6.1. .....................9-449.11.6.2. ................................9-449.11.6.3. HT .................................9-459.11.6.4. .............................................................9-45

9.11.7. .....................................................................9-469.11.7.1. ...............................................................................9-469.11.7.2. ...........................................................................9-48

9.11.8. Pentium 4 Xeon P6 .................9-489.11.8.1. BIOS .......................................................................................9-499.11.8.2. ................................................................9-529.11.8.3. ..................................................9-559.11.8.4. INT 15H ..................................................9-559.11.8.5. 00H - .......................................................................9-569.11.8.6. 01H - ..........9-569.11.8.7. 02H - ................................9-629.11.8.8. 03H - ..........9-639.11.8.9. ..................................................................................9-65

10 .....................................................................10-110.1.TLB..................................................................................10-110.2........................................................................................................10-610.3.............................................................................................10-7

10.3.1. ...............................10-1010.3.2. .........................................................................................10-12

10.4...........................................................................................10-1310.5. ........................................................................................................10-14

10.5.1. ............................................................10-1510.5.2. .....................................................................................10-20

10.5.2.1. Pentium Pro Pentium II ...10-20

10.5.2.2. Pentium 4 Xeon Pentium III ..10-22

10.5.2.3. ..............................10-2310.5.3. .........................................................................................10-2310.5.4. L3 .....................................................................10-2410.5.5. .........................................................................................10-2510.5.6. L1 ............................................10-26

10.5.6.1. .....................................................................10-2610.5.6.2. .......................................................................................10-26

10.6.............................................................................................................10-2710.7. Pentium 4

Xeon P6 .....................................10-2810.8......................................................................................................10-2910.9.TLB..........................10-2910.10. ..........................................................................................................10-3010.11.MTRR: Memory Type Range Registers.....................10-31

10.11.1.MTRR ...........................................................................................10-33

ix

IA-32

10.11.2.MTRR .....................................................................10-3410.11.2.1.IA32_MTRR_DEF_TYPE MSR ........................................10-3410.11.2.2. MTRR ...............................................................................10-3510.11.2.3. MTRR ...............................................................................10-36

10.11.3. ................................................................................10-3810.11.4. ..............................................................10-40

10.11.4.1.MTRR ...................................................................................10-4010.11.5.MTRR ..............................................................................................10-4110.11.6. .........................................................................10-4110.11.7.MTRR ..........................10-42

10.11.7.1.MemTypeGet() .........................................................................10-4210.11.7.2.MemTypeSet() .........................................................................10-43

10.11.8.MP MTRR .................................................................10-4610.11.9. ..................................................................10-47

10.12.PAT.......................................................................................10-4810.12.1.PAT ............................................................................10-4810.12.2.IA32_CR_PAT MSR .......................................................................................10-4910.12.3.PAT .....................................................................10-5010.12.4.PAT ...................................................................................10-5110.12.5. IA-32 PAT ..................................................10-53

11 MMX ...............11-111.1.MMX .........................................................................11-111.2.MMX MMX ..................11-2

11.2.1. MMX x87 FPUFXSAVEFXRSTOR x87 FPU ....................................................................11-4

11.3.MMX ................................................11-511.4.

MMX .............................................................................11-611.5.MMX ................................................................................11-6

11.5.1. x87 MMX ...............................11-711.6.MMX ..................................................................11-7

12 SSE/SSE2/SSE3 .....................................12-112.1. SSESSE2SSE3 ...12-1

12.1.1. SSESSE2SSE3 ..................................................................................................12-1

12.1.2. SSESSE2SSE3 .....................................................12-212.1.3. FXSAVE FXRSTOR .................12-212.1.4. SSESSE2SSE3 ............................................................12-212.1.5. SSE SSE2 SSE3

................................................................................12-412.1.6. SIMD #XF ..................................12-6

12.1.6.1. IGNNE# .........................................................12-712.2.SSESSE2SSE3 ......................................................12-712.3.SSESSE2SSE3 ......................................................12-712.4. SSESSE2

SSE3 ................................................................................................12-812.5.

x87 FPUMMX SSESSE2SSE3 .......................................................................12-812.5.1. TS x87 FPUMMX SSESSE2

SSE3 ......................................................................12-9

x

13 .......................................................................................13-113.1.SMM ............................................................................13-113.2.SMI: System Management Interrupt.....................................13-213.3.SMM ..................................................13-3

13.3.1. SMM ...................................................................................................13-313.3.2. SMM .......................................................................................................13-4

13.4.SMRAM..........................................................................................................................13-513.4.1. SMRAM ...................................................................................13-613.4.2. SMRAM ...................................................................................13-9

13.5.SMI .............................................................................................13-1113.6.SMM ........................................................................................13-1213.7.......................................................13-14

13.7.1. I/O .................................................................................................13-1413.8.SMM NMI .................................................................................................13-1613.9.SMM x87 FPU ....................................................................13-1713.10.SMM .............................................................................................13-1813.11. HALT ...............................................................................................13-18

13.11.1.SMM HLT .........................................................................13-1913.12.SMBASE .....................................................................................................13-20

13.12.1.1M SMRAM ......................................13-2013.13.I/O .................................................................................................13-21

13.13.1.I/O SMI .......................13-2213.14.SMM ......................................................13-2213.15. Intel SpeedStep .........................................................................13-23

13.15.1. ...................................................................13-24

13.16. ..........................................................................................................13-2413.16.1. ..............................................................13-2513.16.2. ......................................................................................................13-25

13.16.2.1. 1 ....................................................................................13-2513.16.2.2. 2 ....................................................................................13-2613.16.2.3......................................13-2713.16.2.4..........................................................................13-27

13.16.3.......................................................................13-2913.16.4.................13-31

14 ...................................................14-114.1. .........................................14-114.2. Pentium ................................................................14-114.3. MSR.....................................................................................................14-2

14.3.1. MSR ........................................................14-314.3.1.1. IA32_MCG_CAP MSR Pentium 4

Xeon ........................................................14-314.3.1.2. MCG_CAP MSRP6 ..................................14-414.3.1.3. IA32_MCG_STATUS MSR ................................................................14-514.3.1.4. IA32_MCG_CTL MSR........................................................................14-6

14.3.2. ..............................................................14-614.3.2.1. IA32_MCi_CTL MSR..........................................................................14-614.3.2.2. IA32_MCi_STATUS MSR ..................................................................14-714.3.2.3. IA32_MCi_ADDR MSR ......................................................................14-914.3.2.4. IA32_MCi_MISC MSR......................................................................14-1014.3.2.5. IA32_MCG MSR........................14-10

14.3.3. Pentium ...................................14-11

14.4. ......................................................................................14-12

xi

IA-32

14.5. .............................................................................................14-1214.6.MCA ............................................................................................14-14

14.6.1. ............................................................................................14-1514.6.2. ............................................................................................14-1514.6.3. .............................................14-18

14.7. ................................14-1814.7.1. ..........................................................................14-1914.7.2. BINIT# BINIT# .................................................14-2014.7.3. Pentium ......................14-2114.7.4. .....................................................14-22

15 ..............................................................15-115.1. ........................................................................................15-115.2. ..........................................................................................................15-3

15.2.1. DR0 DR3...............................................15-415.2.2. DR4 DR5 ..................................................................15-515.2.3. DR6........................................................15-515.2.4. DR7..........................................................................15-615.2.5. ..............................................................15-8

15.3. .................................................................................................................15-915.3.1. #DB 1.......................................................15-9

15.3.1.1. .......................................................15-1015.3.1.2.

I/O ........................................................15-1215.3.1.3. .............................................................................15-1215.3.1.4. ..............................................................15-1315.3.1.5. ..................................................................15-13

15.3.2. #BP 3 ......................................15-1415.4. .................................................................................................15-1415.5. Pentium 4

Xeon ..................................................................................15-1515.5.1. MSR_DEBUGCTLA MSR Pentium 4

Xeon ......................................................................15-1715.5.2. LBR Pentium 4

Xeon ......................................................................15-1915.5.3. Pentium 4

Xeon ...........................................................15-2015.5.4. .............................................15-2115.5.5. ..............................................................................15-2115.5.6. Pentium 4

Xeon ......................................................................15-2215.5.7. BTS: Branch Trace Store...........................................15-22

15.5.7.1. BTS ...............................................................................15-2215.5.7.2. DS ........................................................15-2215.5.7.3. BTS ..........................................................15-2415.5.7.4. DS .............................................15-24

15.6.P6 .............................15-2515.6.1. DebugCtlMSR P6 ....................................15-2615.6.2. MSR MSRP6 .......................15-2715.6.3. P6 .............15-28

15.7...........................................................................................15-2815.8. .............................................................................................15-3015.9. Pentium 4

Xeon ..................................................................................15-3115.9.1. ESCR MSR......................................................................................................15-3515.9.2. ...................................................................................................15-3615.9.3. CCCR MSR......................................................................................................15-38

xii

15.9.4. DS ............................................................................15-4115.9.5. DS .................................................................................................15-4215.9.6. ....................15-45

15.9.6.1. ...........................................................15-4615.9.6.2. ..............................................................15-4915.9.6.3. ..............................................................15-5115.9.6.4. ................................................15-5115.9.6.5. ..............................................................15-5115.9.6.6. .....................................................................15-5215.9.6.7. ................................................................................15-5315.9.6.8. ................................................................................15-5415.9.6.9. ................................................15-5515.9.6.10........................................................15-56

15.9.7. ..............................................................................15-5615.9.7.1. ................................................15-5815.9.7.2. FRONT_END_EVENT ...........................................15-5915.9.7.3. EXECUTION_EVENT ............................................15-5915.9.7.4. REPLAY_EVENT ...................................................15-60

15.9.8. PEBS: Precise Event-based Sampling.........................................................15-6115.9.8.1. PEBS ...........................................................15-6115.9.8.2. DS ........................................................15-6215.9.8.3. PEBS .......................................................15-6215.9.8.4. PEBS .....................................15-6215.9.8.5. DS ............................................................15-62

15.9.9. .........................................................................................15-6315.9.10............................................................15-65

15.10. ..................................15-6615.10.1.ESCR MSR.....................................................................................................15-6715.10.2.CCCR MSR.....................................................................................................15-6815.10.3.IA32_PEBS_ENABLE MSR............................................................................15-7115.10.4. .........................................................................15-72

15.11.P6 ......................................15-7415.11.1.PerfEvtSel0 PerfEvtSel1 MSR ............................................................15-7515.11.2.PerfCtr0 PerfCtr1 MSR........................................................................15-7715.11.3.....................................................15-7715.11.4. / ...........................15-7815.11.5.....................................................15-79

15.12. Pentium .............................................15-8015.12.1. / CESR...........................................................15-8015.12.2. ....................................................................................15-8215.12.3. ................................................................................15-83

16 8086 .......................................................................16-116.1. ..........................................................................................................16-1

16.1.1. .................................................................16-416.1.2. ...................................................16-516.1.3. ..........................................................16-516.1.4. .......................................................................................16-7

16.2. 8086 ...........................................................................................................16-916.2.1. 8086 ...............................................................................16-1016.2.2. 8086 ..................................................................................16-1116.2.3. 8086 ........................................................................16-1216.2.4. 8086 ...........................................................................16-1316.2.5. 8086 ...............................................................................16-1316.2.6. 8086 ..................................................................................16-1516.2.7. .........................................................................................16-1616.2.8. 8086 ...............................................................................16-16

xiii

IA-32

16.2.8.1. I/O I/O.....................................................................16-1716.2.8.2. I/O ..........................................................................16-1716.2.8.3. I/O ..........................................................................16-18

16.3. 8086 / ..................................................................16-1816.3.1. 1 8086 / ..........16-20

16.3.1.1. / ...............................16-20

16.3.1.2. 8086 / ......................................16-22

16.3.1.3. / ..................................16-2316.3.2. 2 8086

........................................................16-2416.3.3. 3 8086 ....................16-27

16.3.3.1. 1: ..............................................16-3016.3.3.2. 2 3: .......................................16-3016.3.3.3. 4: ..............................................16-3116.3.3.4. 5: ..............................................16-3116.3.3.5. 6: ..............................................16-32

16.4. .............................................................................................16-33

17 16 32 ..................................17-117.1.16 32 ..17-217.2. 16 32 .................................17-317.3. .............................................17-417.4..................................................17-5

17.4.1. ..........................................................17-617.4.2. .........................................................................17-7

17.4.2.1. .......................................17-917.4.2.2. ................................................17-10

17.4.3. ............................................................................................17-1017.4.4. ............................................................................................17-1017.4.5. ........................................................17-11

18 IA-32 .....................................................................................18-118.1. IA-32 .......................................................................18-118.2. .....................................................................................................................18-218.3. ........................................................................................18-218.4...........................................................................18-318.5. MMX .......................................................................................18-318.6. SIMD SSE........................................................................18-418.7. SIMD 2SSE2...................................................................18-418.8. SIMD 3SSE3...................................................................18-418.9. ......................................................................18-518.10. Pentium IA-32 ....................18-5

18.10.1. Pentium ..............................18-518.11. ............................................................................................................18-718.12. .....................................................................................................18-718.13.EFLAGS ...............................................................................18-7

18.13.1.EFLAGS 32 ...........................................................................................18-8

18.14.................................................................................................................18-818.14.1.PUSH SP ..................................................................................................18-818.14.2. EFLAGS................................................................18-9

18.15.x87 FPU .......................................................................................................................18-9

xiv

18.15.1. CR0 .............................................................................18-918.15.2.x87 FPU .........................................................................18-10

18.15.2.1.C0 C3........................................................18-1018.15.2.2. ..........................................................18-11

18.15.3.x87 FPU .......................................................................................18-1118.15.4.x87 FPU ...................................................................................18-1218.15.5. ..................................................................................................18-12

18.15.5.1.NaNs................................................................................................18-1318.15.5.2. 0 NaN ....18-13

18.15.6................................................................................................18-1318.15.6.1.#D................................................18-1318.15.6.2.#O.......................................................18-1418.15.6.3.#U.......................................................18-1518.15.6.4.................................................................................18-1518.15.6.5.FPU CS EIP ....................................18-1518.15.6.6.FPU ...........................................................................18-1618.15.6.7.FERR# ............................................................18-1618.15.6.8. ...............................................18-1718.15.6.9.#AC..............................................18-1718.15.6.10.FLDENV ..................................18-1718.15.6.11.#NM..................................................18-1718.15.6.12. ...........................18-1718.15.6.13.#GP.....................................................................18-1818.15.6.14.#MF......................................................18-18

18.15.7. .........................................................................18-1818.15.7.1.FDIVFPREMFSQRT .........................................................18-1818.15.7.2.FSCALE ...................................................................................18-1818.15.7.3.FPREM1 ..................................................................................18-1918.15.7.4.FPREM ....................................................................................18-1918.15.7.5.FUCOMFUCOMPFUCOMPP ...........................................18-1918.15.7.6.FPTAN .....................................................................................18-1918.15.7.7...............................................................18-1918.15.7.8.FSINFCOSFSINCOS .......................................................18-2018.15.7.9.FPATAN ...................................................................................18-2018.15.7.10.F2XM1 ...................................................................................18-2018.15.7.11.FLD ........................................................................................18-2018.15.7.12.FXTRACT ..............................................................................18-2118.15.7.13...............................................................................18-2118.15.7.14.FSETPM ................................................................................18-2118.15.7.15.FXAM .....................................................................................18-2118.15.7.16.FSAVE FSTENV ........................................................18-22

18.15.8. ..................................................................................................18-2218.15.9................................................................................................18-2218.15.10.WAIT/FWAIT .............................................18-2218.15.11. / ...........................................18-2318.15.12.FPU ............................................................................................18-23

18.16. ..........................................................................................................18-2318.17.FPU .........................................................................18-24

18.17.1. 387 287 ..........................................................................18-24

18.17.2.Intel486 SX 487 SX ..............................................................................................................18-24

18.18...............................................................................................................18-2618.19. ..........................................................................................................18-28

18.19.1. .........................................................................18-2818.19.1.1. ..........................................................18-2818.19.1.2..........................................................................18-2818.19.1.3. ............................................................................18-29

18.19.2.CD NW ..............................18-29

xv

IA-32

18.19.3.......................................................................18-2918.19.4. ................................................18-29

18.20...............................................................................................................18-3018.20.1. DR6 .......................................................................18-3018.20.2. DR7 .......................................................................18-3018.20.3. DR4 DR5 ...............................................................18-3018.20.4. ................................................................................18-31

18.21. ..........................................................................................................18-3118.22. ..........................................................................................................18-31

18.22.1. ..............................................................18-3318.22.2................................................................................................18-33

18.23. .....................................................................................................................18-3418.23.1.........................................................................................18-3418.23.2.NMI ..................................................................................................18-3418.23.3.IDT ......................................................................................................18-34

18.24.APIC...............................18-3418.24.1. APIC 82489DX ..............18-3518.24.2.P6 Pentium

APIC ................................................................18-3518.24.3. Pentium 4 Xeon

APIC ................................................................18-3618.25. TSS....................................................................................18-36

18.25.1.P6 Pentium TSS ...........18-3618.25.2.TSS ................................................................................18-3618.25.3.TSS / ..................................................................18-3718.25.4.32 16 TSS ......................................................18-3718.25.5.I/O ............................................................18-37

18.26. ..........................................................................................................18-3818.26.1. ................................................18-3918.26.2.L3 ...................................................................................18-40

18.27. .................................................................................................................18-4018.27.1. ...........................................................................................18-4018.27.2.PCD PWT ............................................................................18-4118.27.3.....................................................18-41

18.28...............................................................................................................18-4118.28.1. .........................................................................18-4118.28.2. ................................................................................18-4218.28.3. ..................................................................18-4318.28.4.16 RET/IRET ....18-43

18.29.16 32 .........................................18-4318.30. ...............................................................18-45

18.30.1.......................................................................18-4518.31....................................................................18-4618.32...............................................................................................................18-4818.33...............................................................................................................18-4818.34. ........................................................18-49

18.34.1.........................................................................................18-4918.34.2.RDMSR WRMSR ........................................................................18-4918.34.3. ..............................................................18-4918.34.4. / ............................................................18-5018.34.5. .........................................................................18-51

18.35. 286 2 .............................................18-51

xvi

A ............................................................... A-1A.1. Pentium 4 Xeon

......................................................................................... A-1A.2. Pentium M ........................... A-42A.3. P6 .......................................... A-44A.4. Pentium ............................... A-59

B MSR................................................................ B-1B.1. Pentium 4 Xeon MSR ........ B-1B.2. Pentium M MSR................................................................. B-29B.3. P6 MSR ................................................................................ B-36B.4. Pentium MSR ..................................................................... B-46B.5. MSR............................................................................................. B-47

C P6 MP ............................................... C-1C.1. P6 MP ................................................ C-1C.2. MP ............................................................................ C-3

C.2.1. MP ...................................... C-5

D LINT0 LINT1 ......................................... D-1D.1. ................................................................................................................................. D-1D.2. LINT[0:1] ............................................................................. D-1

E .......................................... E-1E.1. 06H .................................. E-1E.2. 0FH .................................. E-7

F APIC ............................................................. F-1F.1. ................................................................................................ F-1F.2. EOI ............................................................................................................... F-1

F.2.1. ........................................................................................ F-2F.2.2. .................................................................. F-3F.2.3. APIC .................................................................... F-5

xvii

IA-32

xviii

1-1. ..............................................................................1-6 2-1. IA-32 ...................................................2-2 2-2. ..............................................................................2-8 2-3. EFLAGS ..........................................................................2-9 2-4. ..................................................................................................2-12 2-5. .............................................................................................................2-15 3-1. ..............................................................................3-2 3-2. ...........................................................................................................3-5 3-3. .........................................................................................3-5 3-4. .........................................................................................3-6 3-5. ................................................................3-9 3-6. ..............................................................................................3-10 3-7. ..............................................................................................3-11 3-8. ...................................................................................3-12 3-9. ....3-15 3-10.

....................................................................................................................3-20 3-11. .........................................................................3-21 3-12. 4K ..............................................................3-25 3-13. 4M .............................................................3-26 3-14. 4K 32

.............................................................................................................3-29

3-15. 4M 32 ...................................................3-30

3-16. ...................................................3-34

3-17. CR3 .................3-36 3-18. PAE 4K ..................3-37 3-19. PAE

2M 4M .....................................................3-38 3-20. PAE 4K

..........................................................3-40

3-21. PAE 2M .............................................................................................................3-40

3-22. 4M .............................................................3-43 3-23. 4M 36

...................................................3-43 3-24. .................................3-45 4-1. ..............................................4-4 4-2. ..................................................................................................................4-9 4-3. .....................................................................4-11 4-4. ..........................4-13 4-5. ...............................................4-16 4-6.

.....................................................................4-17 4-7. ............................................................................4-20 4-8. .......................................................................................4-22 4-9. ........................................4-22 4-10. ........................................4-24 4-11. ............................................4-27 4-12. RPL .....................4-36 5-1. IDTR IDT ...................................................................................................5-14 5-2. IDT ................................................................................5-16

xix

IA-32

5-3. ................................................................................5-17 5-4. / .....................................5-18 5-5. .......................................................................................5-22 5-6. .............................................................................................................5-23 5-7. ................................................................................5-50 6-1. ...............................................................................................................6-2 6-2. 32 TSS..................................................6-6 6-3. TSS ...................................................................................................6-9 6-4. .........................................................................................................6-11 6-5. ............................................................................6-12 6-6. ...................................................6-13 6-7. .............................................................................................................6-18 6-8. .................................................................6-22 6-9. 16 TSS ...............................................................................................6-24 7-1. ............................................7-12 7-2. MP APIC ID .............................................................................7-26 7-3. 2

IA-32 .......................................................................................................7-27 7-4. IA-32

MP APIC I/O APIC..................................7-37 7-5. APIC ID .........................................................................................................7-42 8-1. APIC I/O APIC ....................8-4 8-2. Xeon

APIC I/O APIC.........................................................................................8-5 8-3. P6

APIC I/O APIC.........................................................................................8-5 8-4. APIC .................................................................................................8-8 8-5. IA32_APIC_BASE MSR............................................................................................8-11 8-6. APIC ID .......................................................................................8-13 8-7. APIC ......................................................................8-16 8-8. LVT.......................................................................8-18 8-9. ESR...................................................................8-22 8-10. .....................................................................................................8-23 8-11. .......................................................8-23 8-12. ICR...........................................................................8-25 8-13. LDR............................................................8-32 8-14. DFR..........................................8-32 8-15. APR......................................8-35 8-16. APIC

Pentium 4 Xeon ...........8-37 8-17. APIC

P6 Pentium ......................8-39 8-18. TPR............................................................8-41 8-19. PPR.....................................................8-42 8-20. IRRISRTMR ........................................................................................8-43 8-21. EOI .............................................................................................................8-44 8-22. SVR............................................................8-46 8-23. MSI ...............................................8-48 8-24. MSI ...................................................8-50 9-1. CR0 ............................................................................9-6 9-2. EDX .....................................9-6 9-3. ...................................................................................9-21 9-4. GDT

162 172 ...........................................................................9-29 9-5. GDTIDTTSS ROM RAM 196 261 ...9-30 9-6. 282 296 .....................................9-31 9-7. .....................................................................9-34 9-8. [1] ...........................................................................9-60 9-9. [2] ...........................................................................9-61

xx

10-1. Pentium 4 Xeon .........................................................................................................10-2

10-2. IA-32 .........................10-16 10-3. MTRR ..................................................................10-32 10-4. IA32_MTRRCAP ......................................................................................10-33 10-5. IA32_MTRR_DEF_TYPE MSR...............................................................................10-34 10-6. IA32_MTRR_PHYSBASEn IA32_MTRR_PHYSMASKn

............................................................................................10-37 10-7. IA32_CR_PAT MSR................................................................................................10-49 11-1. MMX ......................11-2 11-2. MMX x87 FPU

................................................................................................................11-8 12-1. x87 FPU

MMX SSESSE2SSE3 ..................12-11 13-1. SMRAM .........................................................................................................13-6 13-2. SMM ..........................................................................................13-18 13-3. HALT ......................................................................13-19 13-4. SMBASE ...................................................................................13-20 13-5. I/O ............................................................................13-21 13-6. ...............................................................13-25 13-7. Pentium M MSR_THERM2_CTL ..................13-26 13-8. TM2 Pentium 4

MSR_THERM2_CTL ...............................................................................13-27 13-9. IA32_THERM_STATUS MSR.................................................................................13-28 13-10.IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT MSR ..........................................................................13-29 13-11.IA32_CLOCK_MODULATION_MSR ......................................................................13-29 14-1. MSR ................................................................................................14-2 14-2. IA32_MCG_CAP ........................................................................................14-3 14-3. MCG_CAP .................................................................................................14-4 14-4. IA32_MCG_STATUS .................................................................................14-5 14-5. IA32_MCi_CTL ..........................................................................................14-7 14-6. IA32_MCi_STATUS ...................................................................................14-7 14-7. IA32_MCi_ADDR MSR ...........................................................................................14-10 15-1. .....................................................................................................15-4 15-2. Pentium 4 Xeon

MSR_LASTBRANCH_TOS MSR ..................................15-17 15-3. MSR_DEBUGCTLA MSR Pentium 4

Xeon .............................................................................15-18 15-4. Pentium 4 Xeon

LBR MSR .................................................15-20 15-5. DebugCtlMSR P6 ...........................................15-26 15-6. HT Pentium 4

Xeon ESCR.................15-35 15-7. Pentium 4

Xeon .............................................................................15-38 15-8. CCCR.....................................................................15-40 15-9. DS ........................................................................................................15-44 15-10....................................................................15-45 15-11.PEBS ..............................................................................15-46 15-12. ..........................................................................................................15-47 15-13. .............................................................................15-50 15-14. Pentium 4

Xeon Xeon MP ESCR......................................................................15-67

15-15.CCCR.....................................................................15-70 15-16.PerfEvtSel0 PerfEvtSel1 MSR ....................................................................15-75 15-17.CESR MSR Pentium ............................................15-81 16-1. .........................................................................16-5 16-2. .......................................................16-8 16-3. 8086 ...........................................................................16-14

xxi

IA-32

16-4. 8086 0 ................................16-21 16-5. TSS ...................16-29 17-1. 16 32 far ....................................................17-8 18-1. I/O ....................................................................18-38 C-1. Pentium III MP ........................ C-4 E-1. 06H IA32_MCi_STATUS ....................................... E-1 E-2. 0FH IA32_MCi_STATUS ...................................... E-7

xxii

2-1. EMMPTS x87 FPU ...........................................................................................................................2-18

2-2. ..............................................................................................2-22 3-1. ..............................................................3-16 3-2. ......................3-19 3-3. .........................................................................3-25 4-1. ........................................4-23 4-2. .................................4-41 5-1. ...........................................................................5-3 5-2. ...................................................5-12 5-3. .................................................................5-26 5-4. / ...........................................................................................5-35 5-5. .......................................................................................5-36 5-6. TSS ................................................................................................5-39 5-7. .........................................................................5-56 5-8. SIMD .............................................................................5-63 6-1. ..........................................................6-16 6-2. NT

TS ...............................................................6-18 7-1. 4 MP Xeon

APIC ID.......................7-42 8-1. APIC ................................................................8-9 8-2. Pentium 4 Xeon

xAPIC .........................8-29 8-3. P6 APIC

.....................................................................................................8-29 9-1. INIT 32 IA-32 .................9-3 9-2. IA-32 EM MP ........................................9-8 9-3. EMMP NE ..............9-9 9-4. STARTUP.ASM .....................................................9-21 9-5. BLD ASM ..................................................................9-33 9-6. ......................9-36 9-7. .......................................................9-38 9-8. ............................................9-39 9-9. ...................................................................................9-39 9-10. ..................................................................................................9-41 9-11. ..........................................................9-47 9-12. .........................................................................9-55 9-13. ...........................................................................................9-56 9-14. ...................................................9-57 9-15. .................................................................9-62 9-16. .........................................................................................................9-63 9-17. .................................................................9-63 9-18. ..............................................................................................9-65 10-1. IA-32 TLB

..............................................................10-2 10-2. .....................................................................10-8 10-3. Pentium 4 P6

Xeon Pentium ...................................................................................................10-10

10-4. MESI ...........................................................................10-14 10-5. ............................................................................................10-17 10-6. Pentium Pro Pentium II *

* .............................................................10-21 10-7. Pentium III Pentium 4

Xeon ...10-22

xxiii

IA-32

10-8. MTRR ...........................................................10-32 10-9. MTRR ...................................................10-36 10-10.PAT ..................................................................10-50 10-11.PATPCDPWT PAT ..........................................10-51 10-12. PAT ...........10-51 11-1. EMMPTS MMX ...............11-1 11-2. MMX x87 FPU ........................................................11-3 11-3. MMX x87 FPUFXSAVEFXRSTOR

x87 FPU ............................................................................11-4 12-1. OSFXSROSXMMEXCPTSSESSE2SSE3EMMPTS1

.................................................................12-4 13-1. SMRAM ...........................................................................................13-7 13-2. SMM .............................................................13-11 13-3. SMM I/O .................................................................13-15 13-4. I/O ........................................................................13-15 13-5. HALT ..............................................................................13-19 13-6. I/O ....................................................................13-22 13-7.

...................................................................................................13-30 14-1. MSR .................................................................14-11 14-2. IA32_MCi_STATUS [15:0] ........................14-15 14-3. IA32_MCi_STATUS [15:0] ....................14-16 14-4. TT .14-16 14-5. LL ..14-16 14-6. RRRR ..........................................14-17 14-7. PPT II ...............................14-18 15-1. ..............................................................................................15-9 15-2. ...................................................................................................15-10 15-3. Pentium 4 Xeon

LBR MSR .......................................................................15-16 15-4. MSR_DEBUGCTLA MSR ...........................................15-24 15-5. MSR CCCR ESCR MSR

Pentium 4 Xeon .........15-32 15-6. CCR .......................................................................................15-54 15-7. CPL TS

..............................................................................................................15-73 15-8. CPL TI

..............................................................................................................15-73 16-1. .........................................................................16-9 16-2. 8086 ...........................................16-28 17-1. 16 32

...........................................................................................................................17-1 18-1. Pentium IA-32 .............18-5 18-2. Intel486 SX / 487 SX

EMMPNE ............................................................18-25 18-3. EM MP ...............................................................................18-25 A-1. Pentium 4 Xeon

.................................. A-2 A-2. Pentium 4 Xeon

.................................... A-28 A-3.

3 ....................................................................... A-34 A-4. Front_end

Front_end ....................................................................................... A-34 A-5. ................... A-35 A-6. ................... A-36 A-7. ......................................................... A-37 A-8. Pentium M ...................... A-42 A-9. Pentium M . A-44

xxiv

A-10. P6 .......................................................................................... A-45

A-11. Pentium .......................................................................................... A-59

B-1. Pentium 4 Xeon MSR ... B-2 B-2. Pentium M MSR ............................................................ B-29 B-3. P6 MSR ........................................................................... B-36 B-4. Pentium MSR ................................................................ B-46 B-5. IA-32 MSR .............................................................................. B-47 C-1. IPI ........................................................................... C-2 E-1. 06H IA32_MCi_STATUS

....................... E-2 E-2. 06H 32_MCi_STATUS .. E-2 E-3. 0FH

IA32_MCi_STATUS .................................................................. E-8 E-4. 0FH IA32_MCi_STATUS

...................................................................................................... E-8 E-5. 0FH IA32_MCi_STATUS

.................................................................................................... E-10 F-1. EOI 14 ................................................................................. F-1 F-2. 21 ...................................................................... F-2 F-3. 34 ................................................. F-3 F-4. APIC ................................................................ F-5

xxv

IA-32

xxvi

1

1

1

IA-32 253668-013JIA-32

313

IA-32 253665-013J

IA-32 AA-M 253666-013J

IA-32 BN-Z253667-013J

IA-32 IA-32 AB

IA-32

/ IA-32

BIOS

1.1. IA-32

IA-32 PentiumP6 Pentium 4 XeonP6P6 IA-32 P6 Pentium Pro Pentium II

Pentium IIIPentium 4XeonIntel NetBurst

1-1

IA-32

1.2. IA-32

1 IA-32 3

2 IA-32 IA-32

3

4 IA-32

5 IA-32

IA-32

6 IA-32

7

8 APICAdvanced Programmable Interrupt ControllerAPICAPIC I/O APIC

1-2

1

9 IA-32 SIMD

10 IA-32

MTRR

Pentium III Pentium 4 Xeon

11 MMX

MMX

12 SSESSE2SSE3

SIMD

13 IA-32SMM

14 Pentium

15

16 8086IA-328086

17 16 32

16 32

1-3

IA-32

18 IA-32 IA-32 286Intel386Intel486PentiumP6Pentium 4Xeon 32 IA-32 Intel386 Intel486PentiumP6IA-32 4 IA-3216 IA-32 8086 286

A

PentiumP6

B MSR PentiumP6Pentium 4XeonMSR

C P6MPMP P6MP

D LINT0LINT1

LINT0LINT1

E P6

F APICP6PentiumAPIC

1.3.

16 2

1-4

1

1.3.1.

2

1-1.

1.3.2.

1-5

IA-32

1.3.3.

label: mnemonic argument1, argument2, argument3

:

label

mnemonic

argument1argument2argument30 3

2

:

LOADREG: MOV EAX, SUBTOTAL

LOADREG MOV EAXSUBTOTAL

1-1.

3

1 2 0

31 24 23 16 15 8 7 0

28

24201612840

1-6

1

1.3.4. 16 2

16 16 H