iamaw: a new international association for adding value...

1ECOMONDO 2011, 10th November

2011

IAMAW: a new international association for adding value to Mediterranean agro-industrial

wastes and effluents

José Cardoso Duarte 1, Maurizio Petruccioli 2

1President and 2Vice-President of Association of Mediterranean Agro-industrial Wastes (IAMAW); www.iamawaste.org

1Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Lisboa (Portugal); [email protected]

2Department for Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forest systems, University of Tuscia ,Viterbo (Italy); [email protected]

• International Association of Mediterranean Agro-industrial Wastes (IAMAW).

• This scientific association deals with the recycling and management amelioration of Mediterranean organic wastes.

• The term Mediterranean refers to climatic condition and not to geographic location.

• IAMAW works in the public interest in the sector of instruction,training and RTD, to promote issues related to treatment, valorization and recycling of Mediterranean waste streams and by-products of agro-industrial activities, in an environmental sensitive manner.

• The working language of the Association is English.

ECOMONDO 2011, 10th November 2011

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The aims of the association are:

• Fostering environmental solutions for agro-food and forestry by-products, residues, wastes and effluents through reduction, treatment, reuse and amelioration.

• Promoting knowledge dissemination and transfer of know-how among members, end-users, stakeholders and to the scientific community.

• Improving and demonstrating the feasibility and economic sustainability of the proposed solutions.

• Creating working links with relevant international bodies, scientific organisations and industrial partners.

• Assisting policy-makers in defining more rational and uniform laws and regulations in the field of Mediterranean waste management.

• Assisting in the identification of Best Available Technologies (BAT).


2011

The expertise of the IAMAW members in wastes and wastewaters valorization and treatment is aimed to define new biorefineries and optimize various technologies such as, e.g.:- aerobic, anaerobic and integrated processes; - biotechnology and physical/chemical processes for the production of biofuels;- recovery and production of fine chemicals, biomaterials and biomolecules; - composting; - bioremediation.

The members are grouped in the following “Working Groups”: 1. Wastes Characterization and Classification; 2. Bioenergy from Wastes; 3. Waste/Effluent Treatment and Recycling (Processes and Technology); 4. Lignocellulosic Biotechnologies; 5. Natural Products from Wastes; 6. Composting.


2011

The activity of the association will be based on :• Bi-annual congresses; Thematic symposia;• Specific, regional training courses (“summer schools”);• An active Website, to include different electronic networks (fora); Periodic electronic newsletter. • Management of research projects

The target membership is scientists, graduate students, practitioners and end-users, stakeholders and corporate members. The membership fees is 50€. Corporate members (200€), students (20 €); Members from developing countries (30€). The legal address of the IAMAW - Onlus is: Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISAFoM-CNR, Via della Madonna Alta, 128 - 06128 - Perugia (Italy). Tel. +39-075/5014540-45; Fax +39-075/5014547, www.iamawaste.orgGeneral Secretary: E-mail: [email protected]

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ADMINISTRATION BOARD:• President José Duarte LNEG, Lisboa, Portugal

[email protected]• Vice President Maurizio Petruccioli DAA-Univ. Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy • Vice President Juan Cegarra CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo-Murcia,

Spain• Secretary Roberto Altieri ISAFoM-CNR, Perugia, Italy • Treasurer Alessandro Esposito ISAFoM-CNR, Perugia, Italy

NATIONAL MEMBERS:• Francesca Santori ISRIM, Terni, Italy• Kostas Chartzoulakis NAGREF, Chania, Crete, Greece • Michael Raviv Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay ARO,

Israel • Tan Nair CPE, Uni. of Western Sydney, Australia• Rafael Borja Instituto de la Grasa – CSIC, Sevilla, Spain• Fazilet Vardar Sukan Ege University, Izmir, Turkey 6


European Project management

STInno projectThe overall goal is to map technologies for industrial wastewater treatment, to transfer sustainable technologies to olive mill waste water treatment.

The project will lead to exchange of experience and knowledge between research and business.

Project coordinatorLahti Science and Business Park Ltd

Niemenkatu 73

FI-15140 LAHTI

FINLAND

Partners:

- Finland

- Sweden

- Italy (IAMAW)

- United Kindom

- Greece

J.Cardoso DuarteJ.Cardoso Duarte


2011

Selected case studies


2011

01CSIC_color

Instituto de la Grasa

Treatment of the solid wastes derived from the production of extracted sunflower oil flour

Project : Comparative study of the one and two stages mesophilic

anaerobic digestion of the solid wastes coming from the production of extracted sunflower flour

One stage Two-stages

OLR g VS/(L·d)

mL CH4/ gVSadded

TVFA mg COD/L

OLR g VS/(L·d)

mL CH4/ gVSadded

TVFA mg COD/L

1 135 ± 10 214 ± 27 1 171 ± 20 671 ± 110

1.5 204 ± 8 359 ± 26

2 164 ± 9 585 ± 87 2 218 ± 12 607 ± 163

2.5 101 ± 16 2715 ± 120

3 117 ± 6 1566 ± 195

Neither one stage nortwo stages AD are able

to degrade SuOC at OLR >2 g VS/ L·d

• Raposo, F., Borja, R., Rincon, B., Jimenez, A.M. 2008. Assessment of process control parameters in the biochemical methane potential of sunflower oil cake Biomass and

Bioenergy 32 (12), 1235-1244.

• Raposo, F., Borja, R., Martín, M.A., Martín, A., De la Rubia, M.A., Rincón,B. 2009. Influence of inoculum-substrate ratio on the anaerobic digestion of sunflower oil cake in

batch mode: process stability and kinetic evaluation. Chemical Engineering Journal. 149(1-3), 70-77.

• De la Rubia, M. A., Raposo, F., Rincón B., Borja, R. 2009. Evaluation of the hydrolytic-acidogenic step of a two-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion process of sunflower oil

cake. Bioresource Technology. 100(18), 4133-4138.

01CSIC_color

Instituto de la Grasa

Treatment of the solid wastes derived from the production of extracted sunflower oil flour

Project: integral treatment of the wastes derived from the

production of extracted sunflower flour by the combination of

pretreatments and one and two stages mesophilic anaerobic

digestion processes

• Rincón, B., Portillo, M.C., González, J.M., Fernández-Cegrí, V., De la Rubia, M.A., Borja, R. 2011. Feasibility of sunflower oil cake degradation with three different anaerobic

consortia. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 46(12), 1409-1416.

• De la Rubia, M. A., Fernández-Cegrí, V., Raposo, F., Borja R. 2011. Influence of particle size and chemical composition on the performance and kinetics of anaerobic

digestion process of sunflower oil cake in batch mode. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 58– 59, 162-167.

PRE-TREATMENT

Thermal (ºC) Fraction 100 ºC

mL CH4 g-1 CODadded Solid 96±5

Liquid 323±4

Chemical (25 %) Fraction CaO


Liquid 122±15

Thermo-chemical

(75 ºC- 25 % reagent)

Fraction CaO


Liquid 246±8

Ultrasounds

(kJ kg-1 ST)

Fraction 24,000


Liquid 489±1

SuOC pre-treated by ultrasounds during 16 minutes at 120 W

was chosen to carry out one stage mesophilic anaerobic

digestion experiments.

Upgrading of orange peel waste

Chemical compositions of orange peel waste (OPW).

Data are expressed as percent contents on dry matter.

OPW Parameter

(% D.M.)

Aqueous extractives 30.80±0.49

Toluene-EtOH extractives 1.33±0.11

Ash 7.43±0.41

Acid soluble lignin 0.09±0.03

Acid insoluble lignin 1.85±0.71

Cellulose 26.09±2.12

Hemicellulose 11.88±0.83

Pectin 16.96±0.90

Total nitrose 0.89±0.02

Phenols 1.19±0.01

Tannins 0.65±0.05

Condensed tannins 0.22±0.01


2011

Repeated batch production of bioethanol

on hydrolisated of OPW

Time (h)

0 12 24 36

Eth

ano

l, B

iom

ass (

g l

-1)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Resid

ua

l sug

ars

(g l

-1)

0

10

20

30

40

50Ethanol

Biomass

Residual sugar Result

Quantitative conversion of sugars into ethanol

Overall process yield amounting to 172.6 L ethanol t-1 OPW.


2011

Santi et al. 2011. Conversion of food processing lignocelllulosic residues into fermentable sugars for bioethanol

production. Proceedings of 5th European Bioremediation Conference, Chania, Crete, July 4-7, 2011, ID096.

Assessment of vermicompost for pesticides control in soils.

Assessment of vermicompost for pesticides Assessment of vermicompost for pesticides

control in soils.control in soils.

EstaciEstacióón Experimental Zaidn Experimental Zaidíín EEZn EEZ--CSIC CSIC

(Granada, Spain)(Granada, Spain)Consejo Superior de

Investigaciones Científicas

BIOTRANSFORMATION OF WINERY AND GREENHOUSE WASTES THROUGH VERMICOMPSTING

Development of vermicomposting processes. Development of vermicomposting processes.

E. Romero and R. Nogales

Earthworm evolutionEnzyme activities changes

Bacteria

Hongos

Microbial

community changes

Chemical and microbiological changes

Humic substances changes

Winery wastes Vegetable

greenhouse wastes

Desorbed Extracted

Sink (non-extractable residues, mineralized , .. etc)

UNAMENDED

0%

50%

100%

0%

50%

100%

0%

50%

100%

0 7 14 33 47 82 144

Dissipation of diuron and enzyme activities in amended soils with

vermicomposts from winery wastes

Dissipation of diuron and enzyme activities in amended soils with

vermicomposts from winery wastes 5% GM

5% BVS

Time (d)

Fernández-Bayo J.D., Nogales R., Romero E.

J. Agr. Food Chem. 2009, 57:5435-5442

Dehydrogenase activityDehydrogenase activityDehydrogenase activity

Urease activityUrease activityUrease activity

µµg INTF g

g INTF g-- 11hh-- 11

0

1

2

3

4

5

µµg NH

g NH44++gg-- 1 1 hh-- 11

0

0.5

1

1.5

0 10 20 30 40 50

SS

S + BVSS + BVSS + GMS + GM

spent grape marc (GM) and vine shoot (BVS)

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Use of technical lignins, the waste from pulp and paper industry, as industrial raw

materials after modification through chemical, physical and enzymatic reactions

Production of bioethanol from wheat straw after optimization of thermal

pretreatment, enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation using flocculent yeast strain

Federici et al. 2009. Valorisation of agro-industrial by-products, effluents and waste: Concept, opportunities and the case of olive mill waste waters. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 84:895-900.

Olive oil sector

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Lorenzo Bertin, Fabio FavaDICAM, University of Bologna

Research aim:

development of a biorefinery process fed with olive mill wastewaters

(OMWs) for

a)the recovery of OMW polyphenols (natural antioxidants)

b)the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from

dephenolized OMWs

Approach (a)

Selective recovery of OMW phenolic compounds using commercial Amberlite XAD16 resin (styrene-diynylbenzene non polar matrix) and (acidified) ethanol as food-compatible extraction solvent.

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1.Bertin et al (2011). Recovery of high added value natural polyphenols from actual olive mill wastewater through solid phase extraction. CHEM. ENG. J. 171:1287-1293 2.Ferri et al (2011). Recovery of low molecular weight phenols through solid-phase extraction. CHEM. ENG. J. 166:994-1001

b) the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from dephenolized OMWs

Development of integrated anaerobic-aerobic processes for PHA production: OMWs are converted into volatile fatty acids (VFAs) through anaerobic acidogenic process. VFAs are a suitable substrate for aerobic PHA-storing microbes previously acclimated for such an aim.

Process optimization based on:

- minimization of methanogenic activity- high flow rate feedings using Packed Bed

Biofilm Reactors.

------------

1. Scoma et al (2011). A physicochemical–biotechnological approach for an integrated valorization of olive mill wastewater. BIORES. TECHNOL. 102: 10273-10279

2. Bertin et al (2010) Anaerobic acidogenic digestion of olive mill wastewaters in biofilm reactors packed with ceramic filters or granular activated carbon WATER RES. 44:4537-4549

Packing material:

Ceramic filter “VUKOPOR S10”

Olive Mill Waste Waters

Mycelium Surnatant

β-glucans

chitin

chitosan

esopolysaccharides

Inibition of

aflatoxin production

Use of mycelium as biofilter for heavy metal removal

CNR-IBAF

Rome

Dr. E. GalliResearch aim: use of olive mill wastewaters for production of fungal

polysaccharides

Main Results: Extraction of β-glucans, chitin and chitosan for food and pharmaceutical industries

Selected fungi

Di Mario et al 2008. Chitin and chitosan from Basidiomycetes. In. J. Biol. Macromol. 43:8–12.

Mycelium

Surnatant Pellet

Surnatant Pellet

Surnatant Pellet

NaOH

H2O

CH3COOHEsopolysaccharides

ChitinChitosan

Glucans

ethanol

ethanol

NaOH

deacetylation

Lipase production by Candida cylindracea NRRL Y17506 on OMW

ResultsLipase, 21.8 IU/ml

Percentage

of removal

COD, 48.4 %

PHE, 36.2 %

Bozzoli et al 2009) Assessment of olive mill wastewater

as a growth medium for lipase production by Candida

cylindracea in bench-top reactor. Biores. Technol. 100,

3395-3402.

Poplars after three years of growth

Optimization of a process for phytoremediation of olive mill wastewaters (OMWW)

Input: 3-phase OMWW

Output: lignocellulosic biomass

Patent EP 1216963

Terni

Aim: production of “mature” and “stable” compost rich

in humus-like substances using olive pomace (patent

MATReFO - WO/2005/082814)

12-15%

28%72%

Perugia

The compost was positively tested:

� As amendant, thus enhancing soil nutrient status in olive orchards and short-term crops

� For strawberry soilless cultivation

� As co-substrate for commercial cultivation of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus Pleurotus

ostreatus

Agaricus bisporus

Aim: production of compost from olive

mill wastes and test as:- Fertilizers

- Suppressants of soil-borne plant

pathogens

Result:by the end of the growing cycle,

60% of the peat-grown plants

carried disease symptoms due toClavibacter michiganense subsp.

michiganensis vs. none of the compost-grown plants.

Prof. Michael Raviv, ARO, Israel

Raviv et al. 2009. Composting Olive Mill Waste and Assessment of its Horticultural value. Acta Hort. 819:353-360.

LOGO IAMAW color IAMAW

ANNOUNCING:

1st INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP*

TreatmentTransformation and Valorization of Mediterranean Agro-industries Wastes

and Effluents

Santarem (Portugal)

5-8 th June 2012

Visit us at: www.iamawaste.org

* For pre-registration and information contact:

[email protected]

ITALIC 6-VITERBO, 7th september 2011

LOGO IAMAW color

IAMAW

Program:

1st INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP* TreatmentTransformation and Valorization of Mediterranean Agro-industries Wastes

and Effluents

* For pre-registration and information contact: [email protected].

29ITALIC 6-VITERBO, 7th september

2011

Scientific Thematics:1.Wastes characterization and classification2.Bioenergy from wastes3.Water treatment and recycling4.Lignocellulosic biotechnology 5.Natural products from wastes6.Composting

Bioeconomic clusters:1.Olive oil2.Wine3.Wood4.Water5.Sea products6.Others.

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You are invited to join* this newly established International Scientific

Association

*Complete the attached Application Form at www.iamawaste.orgor submit it at the conference to Prof. M. Petruccioli


Thank you for the attention

iamaw: a new international association for adding value...

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