ian tubby forest services · 14.10.2015 · ian tubby forest services sustainability of forest...
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Ian Tubby
Forest Services
Sustainability of forest resources
14/10/2015
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Sustainability
• Environmental –carbon savings, habitat improvement, land use change, air quality, water quality.
• Social – recreation, tourism, historic environment, awareness of what forestry does.
• Economic – job, GVA, GDP, energy security, diversification, capital value.
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Why woodfuel?
• ‘Commits the UK to reducing emissions by at least 80% in 2050 from 1990 levels’.
• RHI, Feed In Tariffs all originate from this act
• 2009 Renewable Energy Directive -15% energy from renewables by 2020.
National Woodfuel Conference3
~27% reduction in 25 years, 35 years to go.
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Bioenergy contribution to renewables
National Woodfuel Conference4
19% of electricity from renewables so
biomass produces 8% of electricity in UK
1% of heating comes from renewables.
Heating accounts for around 44%
carbon emissions.
3.9% of road
transport
fuels.
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Forestry expansion
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10,000 ha of woodland created in UK 2014/15
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Forestry success last 40 years
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Softwood roundwood deliveries
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Conifer accounts for 26% of woodland cover in England and supplies 82% of timber
reaching market
Conifer covers ~2.5% of land in England
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Hardwood roundwood deliveries
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
4502
001
200
3
200
5
200
7
200
9
201
1
201
3
UK hardwood deliveries 1000’s green tonnes
Sawmills
Pulp mills
Panels
Woodfuel
Broadleaved woodland accounts for 74% of woodland cover in England but supplies just 18% of timber harvest
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How much wood is used as fuel?
• 1.5 million green tonnes softwood roundwood.
• 0.4 million green tonnes of hardwood.
• Around 17% of total harvest going to energy
• Annual increment in UK woods is around 20 million tonnes (and woodland cover increasing)
• 40 days growth to replace annual woodfuel harvest.
• Even broadleaved woodland produces equivalent of 1000litres of oil per ha per year
• FC statistics do not capture arb arisings, activity below felling licence threshold.
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How are we using our wood?
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Carbon stocks in woodland
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Threats to carbon stocks
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Active management required to accommodate
disease, protect and maintain ecosystem services (including carbon) and build
resilience to climate change
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Browsing mammals
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Poor deer control could lead to long term reduction in carbon stock, as well as poorer biodiversity, regardless of whether wood is harvested or not.
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Percentage of woodland in active management (inc. PFE)
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This indicator of woodland in management includes woodlands where there has been Forestry Commission England grant or felling licence activity typically in the previous 15 years
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Biodiversity
‘The woodfuel market could represent the single most important economic activity to reinvigorate our woodland wildlife….’
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ETI survey
• Over 70% of the general public support bioenergy
• Support is particularly strong for medium scale applications e.g. boilers in schools, hospitals etc
• Strength of support increases when more UK grown biomass is used as opposed to imports
• The most commonly cited positive aspects were that is can generate energy from waste and it is a renewable source of energy
• The most commonly cited negative aspects of bioenergy were potential competition for land and not enough produced in UK so would have to rely on imports.
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Sustainability ‘land criteria’
• Do not take precedence over existing legislation and regulations.
• Are based on government Timber Procurement Policy (but do not comply 100% with TPP criteria, public sector will need to ensure this is taken into account).
• Require all wood to be ‘legally harvested’ and at least 70% of wood to be ‘sustainably sourced’.
• The definition of ‘legally harvested’ is described in Article 2 of the EU timber regulation (‘harvested in accordance with the applicable legislation in the country of harvest’).
• A felling licence demonstrates wood has been “legally harvested”.
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“Sustainably sourced”
• The definition of “sustainable” is set out in the Timber Standard for Heat and Electricity.
• The “Forest Europe” criteria on which the UK Forestry Standard is based are aligned with those listed in the Timber Standard for Heat and Electricity.
• An FC approved management plan demonstrates that woodfuel has been “sourced sustainably”.
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In summary
• Be positive! Spread the word!
• Forestry in England is currently thriving.
• Woodfuel is a mainstream part of forestry and the dominant form of renewable heat.
• Woodland area is increasing, woodland carbon stocks are increasing, area of managed woodland is increasing.
• Pests, disease, climate change mean we cannot rest – we need to accelerate planting and management levels.
• Get a felling licence, get a management plan, get a Grown in Britain licence!
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