iapar presentation day 3 conservation agriculture virtual field workshop in brazil
DESCRIPTION
Rafael Fuentes of IAPAR presents its research work since the 1970s on conservation agriculture to field workshop in Pato Branco, Parana State, to Project Breadbasket participants from Africa.TRANSCRIPT
Surface under NT 2008Surface under NT 2008
Australia 17,0
Other countries 5,0
Brazil 25,5
Paraguay 2,4
Argentina 25,8
116,9 millions haSource: Derpsch & Friedrich,
2010
((millions ha millions ha 2007/082007/08))
Canada 13,5
USA 26,5China 1,3
PRINCIPLES
1.NO TILLAGE AND MINIMUM SOIL DISTURBANCE
2. PERMANENT SOIL COVER
3. CROP ROTATION
200,000 km22.3% of country area25% of grains production
RAINFALL BALANCE IN LONDRINA (PR)
Oats
Coffee
Barley
Triticale
Rye
Soybean
Beans
Cotton
Maize
Peanuts
Rice
Wheat
Sugar caneOnion
TobaccoCassava
Tomato
PotatoGarlic
SUMMER WINTER
SOYBEAN
MAIZE
WINTER MAIZE
OATS+RADISH+PEA
BLACK OATS
WHEAT
BLACK OATS
TOBACCO
BEANS
CORN
CASSAVA
SURFACE UNDER NO-TILL IN BRAZIL
Denardin et al., 2008
Research Institutions and Universities
IAPAR First Period: 1972-1982
• Soil Conservation Program with 25 researchers• Agreement IAPAR/ICI and ABC cooperatives doing
first research comparing No-till versus Conventional Till on diverse crop rotations (1975)
• IAPAR/GTZ scientific cooperation generating basic and adaptive knowledge on diverse areas (1977)
• First book on No-till published in Brazil (1981)• Breeding programs focused on genetic resistance
and tolerance to pests and diseases
IAPAR Second Period: 1983-1993
• Cover crops and crop rotations• Research projects on multiple aspects of
No-till• Small farmers inclusion (PRORURAL
1983/1987)• First animal traction No-till seeder
“Gralha Azul” created by IAPAR (1987)• Farming Systems Program and adaptive
No-till for small farmers (1987/1993)• PARANARURAL Program and
microwatershed approach (1987/1993)
IAPAR Third Period: 1994-2010• Validation and system improvement • Dynamic evaluation of seeders • Integrated weed control• Consolidation of small farmers systems• Crop rotations and cover crops• Crop & livestock integration• Perennial crops and agro-forestry • IAPAR/ITAIPU Project and Quality No-
till• FAO Projects in Africa, Central Asia,
Latin America and Caribbean countries • Organic No-till Systems
Consolidation of systems for small farmers
FEBRAPDP project 33 seeders
Denardin, 2008
♣ ON PERENNIAL CROPS
Sweet pepper
Cassava
OnionsCucumber
Tomato Squash
♣ VEGETABLES
-5
5
15
25
35
1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9
Teor de C-orgânico (%)
Pes
o d
e ag
reg
ado
s (g
)
Aggregates < 0.25 mm Aggregates > 2.00 mm
SOIL AGGREGATION
Castro Filho et al, 1998
Active zone of aggregation
Active zone of decomposition
0 - 5 cm
New structureNew structure
Before and after
Photos : Rolph Derpsch
