ibm informix dynamic server 10.0 technical deep diveibm informix dynamic server version 10.00.tc1 --...

InfoBahn 2005 ; Informix User Conference

®

IBM Informix Dynamic Server 10.0 Technical Deep Dive

Information Management 사업부 / SWG최안나차장 ([email protected])

IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005

Agenda

Performance

Administration

Security

Availability

ER & HDR


Performance

Configurable Page size

External Optimizer Directives

Memory to non-PDQ queries

Multiple fragments in single dbspace

Dynamic OPTCOMPIND

PerformancePerformance


Configurable Page Size

Reasons for Configurable Page Size

공간의효율성

larger pages up to 16K bytes contiguous space

최대 key size의증가longer keys up to 3K** bytes

효율적인 I/O Access less I/O operations for data and indices



Configurable Page Size

dbspace생성dbspace생성시페이지크기지정시스템별 default page size의배수로지정하여야하며, 2K 부터16K 까지가능dbspace생성이후변경불가지정한페이지크기와동일한페이지크기를가지는 buffer pool이없다면, dbspace생성시자동으로 create됨.

• 이때 buffer pool의크기는 BUFFERS_DEF에따름

onspaces –c –d dbs –k pgsize –p path -o offset -s size

Buffer pool 생성페이지크기당하나의 buffer pool만생성가능

• 2K default page 시스템 : 최대 16개 buffer pool 생성가능• 4K default page 시스템 : 최대 8개 buffer pool 생성가능

onparams –b –g pgsize –n buffs –r lrus –x max –m min



Configurable Page Size - Example1C:\Program Files\Informix>onstat -b

IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 10.00.TC1 -- On-Line -- Up 00:04:52 -- 21632 Kbytes

Buffersaddress userthread flgs pagenum memaddr nslots pgflgs xflgs owner waitlist

Buffer pool page size: 4096485 modified, 1000 total, 1024 hash buckets, 4096 buffer size

Buffer pool page size: 81920 modified, 100 total, 128 hash buckets, 8192 buffer size

2K pagesize

8K pagesize



Configurable Page Size – Example2C:\Program Files\Informix>onstat -d

IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 10.00.TC1 -- On-Line -- Up 00:13:12 -- 21632 Kbytes

Dbspacesaddress number flags fchunk nchunks pgsize flags owner name0C6367E0 1 0x60001 1 1 4096 N B informix rootdbs0CC7FB90 2 0x60001 2 1 8192 N B informix dbs8k2 active, 2047 maximum

Chunksaddress chunk/dbs offset size free bpages flags pathname0C636938 1 1 0 12800 6431 PO-B

C:\IFMXDATA\anna_ifx10\rootdbs_dat.0000CC7FCE8 2 2 0 125 72 PO-B d:\DBSPACE\dbs8k2 active, 32766 maximum



calculate memfor query

yesPDQPRIORITY

set?

allocate128K of mem

no

sort will fit in memory?

sort in memory

yes

sort to disk

no

done

Non-PDQ queries - a problem….PerformancePerformance


Non-PDQ queries - Memory Allocation

9.40.xC4 에서처음추가된기능

non-PDQ query에대해할당할메모리양설정. ORDER BY, GROUP BY, hash joins등작업인경우효과적

ONCONFIG의 DS_QUERY_MEM에설정된값이default가됨.



Storing/Applying External Directives

Optimizer directove를외부에저장, 사용가능

쿼리를재작성하고, application의 recompile 없이바로적용

SQL 구문 ‘SAVE EXTERNAL DIRECTIVES’추가된 system catalog table : sysdirectivessysdirectives에저장됨.환경변수 setting

• IFX_EXTDIRECTIVES



Multiple Table Fragments in Single dbs

하나의 dbspace내에서 fragmentation 가능

관리간소화

성능증가



Dynamic OPTCOMPIND

SET ENVIRONMENT OPTCOMPIND

Session 별로설정됨. (session종료시 default값으로복원)



Administration

ontape

Renaming dbspace

Single user mode

Tblspace tblspace

AdministrationAdministration


ontape use of standard I/O

Tape device, disk file, standard IO 중하나로백업

stdout, stdin지정으로 pipe 사용가능

예>다른 program에서 ontape으로부터 pipe를통해직접받아사용.

HDR 환경에서 secondary server restore시 file이나 disk 없이 ftp를통해바로 restore가능



Renaming Dbspaces

이미만들어져있는 dbspace에대한이름변경가능

9.40.UC3에처음추가된기능

제한사항

Root dbspace나 log dbspace와같은 critical dbspace의이름변경불가Down chunk를포함한 dbspace이름변경불가onmonitor에서지원안됨.

이름이바뀐 dbspace와 root dbspace에대한 0-level archive필요

HDR primary쪽에서의 dbspace이름변경을 secondary쪽으로복제됨.



Single User Mode

Informix 계정의 user 만 server에 connect 가능

Quiescent mode에서작업할수없던모든작업가능

사용자의연결을허용하지않는상태에서의 SQL/DDL 작업수행

Utilityoninit –j

onmode –j

onmonitor에서 mode 전환가능

ISA에서도지원



Managing the Tblspace Tblspace

배경Tblspace tblspace영역때문에 chunk drop이안됨.Dbspace를 drop하거나, oncheck를이용해이동하는작업수행

특징tblspace tblspace의 first/next extent size지정가능next extent를할당할 chunk 선택가능

방법root dbspace초기화시 ( oninit –i )

• Onconfig parameter : TBLTBLFIRST, TBLTBLNEXTdbspace추가시

• Onspaces –c –d dbs1 –p /dev/rdsk1 –o 0 –s 10000 –ef 150 –en 150



Security

Column level encryption

Secure environment check

PAM Authentication

SecuritySecurity


Column Level Encryption

Built-in SQL 암호화기능지원

128 bit AES and Triple-DES

Password : 128 byte까지가능

Session wide password 관리

View/trigger/SPL 지원

SecuritySecurity


Column Level Encryption : Example

Create tablecreate table customer

(customer_num serial(101),fname char(43), -- encrypted char(15)lname char(43), -- encrypted char(15)company char(87), -- encrypted char(40)address1 char(67), -- encrypted char(30)address2 char(67), -- encrypted char(30)city char(15),state char(2),zipcode char(5),phone char(67), -- encrypted char(18)primary key (customer_num));

Insert dataset encryption password "my password";insert into customer values (101, encrypt_aes("Ludwig"), encrypt_aes("Pauli"),

encrypt_aes("All Sports Supplies"), encrypt_aes("213 Erstwild Court"),encrypt_aes(""), "Sunnyvale", "CA", "94086", encrypt_tdes("408-789-8075"));

SecuritySecurity


Column Level Encryption : Example

QuerySELECT * FROM customer WHERE customer_num = 101customer_num 101fname 0tkn/AAAAEAndSyVxZpHZmA2/mCoJ6uZUHDSQ5I5u3llname 0V6j/AAAAEApupW+hft1mjw2CorFt7P9oWjO6cIjVzscompany 0Mc7/AAAAIAJbjI7Ul6N4oHMgIfh5wGo3559mnm8dIwznU2C+eivERQYUKse1WhoQ==address1 0qVb/AAAAIAXoyVelIDxAWV8MqsX8mTdHDWCpG6A1bjGGgPdYioigDAz3/OdDinHw==address2 0AP//AAAAAAe+M+wFglsPA=city Sunnyvalestate CAzipcode 94086phone 1p1j/AAAAEAA1viBow2uu+7fLLJbEtuMucwiv9q0Mmx

SELECT customer_num, DECRYPT_CHAR(fname, 'my password') as fname,DECRYPT_CHAR(lname, 'my password') as lname FROM customerWHERE customer_num = 101

customer_num 101fname Ludwiglname Pauli

execute function length(encrypt_aes(‘1234-4321-2468-8642', ‘aubergine', ‘favorite vegetable'));

(expression)99

SecuritySecurity


Secure Environment Check

UNIX 환경에서의 server utility 실행시다음을 check$INFORMIXDIR 및하위 directory의권한

• Owner : informix user, group

ONCONFIG file의권한

Owner : informix user, group• Read/Write : 일반사용자 read만가능

sqlhosts file의권한• Owner : informix user, group

$INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std , $INFORMIXDIR/etc/$ONCONFIG File name의길이

• 256 character 이하

SecuritySecurity


PAM Authentication

PAM – Pluggable Authentication ModulesOS level에서구성되는 authentication 구현가능

Linux, AIX, Solaris, HP-UX 지원

PAM supports challenge-response protocols:• In response to initial authentication request,• PAM issues a challenge,• And waits for response from application.

/usr/lib/security

PAM Modules

/etc/pam/conf

configuration file

login auth required /usr/lib/security/pam_unix.so.1

SecuritySecurity


Availability

Online index create & drop

Point-in-time table level restore

Faster fuzzy checkpoint

AvailabilityAvailability


Online index create & drop

INDEX create, drop 시 exclusive lock을걸지않고작업가능

Create index, drop index 구문에서 lock의사용여부명시

Table에대해사용자가작업중인경우• Create index 작업은완료되나, 변경중인사용자의작업이끝날때까지 index는사용되지않음.

• Drop index 구문은완료되나, drop index 구문이전에 DML문으로index를사용중이던사용자의작업은 index 사용할수있고, index의 drop은유보됨.




0-level archive로부터 table이나 table의일부분추출가능

추출된 data는다음에저장가능External table다른 server의 table

• Sqlhosts file에 db server가 list되어있으면, server version이나 machine type에관계없음

SQL Driven Distributed Restore (SDDR)

추출된 data에대해 filter 적용가능

Table 컬럼중몇개만추출가능

지원되지않는 data type Extended data type : list, set , multiset, row, distinct, opaqueBuilt in data type : CLOB, BLOB




Physical Restore0 level archive로부터 data 추출두개의임시 table이생성됨.단계

• Schema command file내의 create table구문으로부터 dbspace list 만듬.− Onbar의경우해당 table이위치하는 dbspace만 scan− Ontape의경우모든 dbspace sccan

• Data page가 restore됨.− Data page부터 row 추출− SQL insert구문이나, unload format으로변환

Logical recovery해당시점까지의 logical log가 replay됨. Logical recovery 구성

• LOG STAGER− Logical log file을읽음− Filter적용으로필요없는 row를걸러냄− Log staging table에필요한 log record를추가함

• LOG APPLIER− Log staging table을읽음− 대상 table에 record 적용




Schema Command Filedatabase test1;create table tlr (

a_serial serial,b_char char(20)

) in dbspace1;create table tlr_dest (

a_serial serial,b_char char(20)

) in dbspace2;

insert into tlr_dest select * from tlr;

set workspace to dbs1,dbs2;

restore to ‘2003-01-01 01:01:01’;




Example outputarchecker -bdvsX -f SETUP/setup_basic.cmdAC_STORAGE /tmpAC_MSGPATH /tmp/ac.logAC_VERBOSE onAC_TAPEBLOCK 32 KBAC_PAGESIZE 4096AC_IXBAR /vobs/tristarm/sqldist/etc/Bixbar_olympia.85Dropping old log control tablesExtracting table d1:t1 into d2:t1nExtracting table d1:t2 into d2:t2nScan PASSEDControl page checks PASSEDTable checks PASSEDTable extraction commands 2Tables/fragments found on archive 2LOADED: d2:t2n produced 37 rows.LOADED: d2:t1n produced 36 rows.Creating log control tablesStaging Log 1:14Staging Log 1:15Logically recovered d2:t1n Inserted 602 Deleted 19 Updated 0Logically recovered d2:t2n Inserted 0 Deleted 9 Updated 0

Tables being extracted

Rows extracted from Physical Restore

Logical Recovery Actions

Logical Logs Processed



ER & HDR

Resending indexes in HDR

Easier ER Setup: Templates

Automatic switchover of HDR servers (DRAUTO)

Replicate resynch

ER & HDRER & HDR

ibm informix dynamic server 10.0 technical deep diveibm informix dynamic server version 10.00.tc1 --...

Documents