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IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF PHARMACY AUBURN UNIVERSITY AL USA [email protected] American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

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Page 1: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare

BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF PHARMACY AUBURN UNIVERSITY AL USA [email protected]

American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 2: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Disclosures Brent Fox is an employee of Auburn University Harrison School of

Pharmacy. The conflict of interest was resolved by peer review of the slide content. He declares no other conflicts of interest or financial interest in any product or service mentioned in this program, including grants, employment, gifts, stock holdings, and honoraria.

ASAP’s and NCPA’s education staff declares no conflicts of interest or financial interest in any product or service mentioned in this program, including grants, employment, gifts, stock holdings, and honoraria.

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 3: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Objectives

1.  Describe the foundations of artificial intelligence.

2.  Discuss current applications of artificial intelligence in health and wellness.

3.  Explore future opportunities for artificial intelligence in healthcare.

4.  Create a “wish list” for an artificial intelligence in health and wellness.

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 4: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

For the Purists: Cognitive Computing vs. Artificial Intelligence

•  Synonyms?

•  Data sources

•  Methods

•  Who is in charge….

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 5: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 6: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear Manoj Saxena

Page 7: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Question Answering Machines

•  Goal: Understand semantic and contextual variations in sentences to identify a single best answer

•  Natural language processing

•  Curated knowledge base

•  Ingestion

•  Training

•  Hypothesis and conclusion http://www.datasciencecentral.com/profiles/blogs/what-exactly-is-watson

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 8: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Artificial Intelligence Everyday: Now

•  Speech recognition

•  Natural language processing

•  Images

•  Location data

•  What’s your favorite?

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 9: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Surgical Robots

•  Hand movements are translated

•  Small incisions

•  3D vision

•  Faster recovery

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 10: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Getting Watson up to Speed

•  Merge Healthcare ($1B; medical images)

•  Truven Health Analytics ($2.6B; data from 8500 hospitals, insurers, and government agencies)

•  Explorys (cloud-based analytics)

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 11: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Watson: Immunotherapy

•  In •  25M Medline abstracts

•  1M journal articles

•  Data from 4M patients

•  Every drug patent since 1861

•  Out •  New uses for existing meds

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 12: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Watson: Diabetes

•  Personalized diabetes management tools

•  Real-time focus

•  Data from EMRs, insurers, and population sources

•  Cognitive predictive smartphone app

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 13: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Watson: Cancer

•  Quest Diagnostics, Memorial Sloan, MIT, Harvard

•  Tumor gene sequencing performed

•  Medical literature + clinical study data + expert opinion -> personalized treatment options and relevant clinical trials

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 14: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center •  2013, OEA

•  Goal: clinical decision making and clinical trial assignment

•  Bidding, payments without results

•  Overly optimistic reporting/expectations

•  Challenges: IT department approval, EHR integration, and shifts in direction, lack of measured deliverables

•  $62M to IBM and PWC

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 15: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Reminder: The Challenge

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 16: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

IBM Watson for Genomics

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IBM Watson for Drug Discovery

IBM Watson Health Patient Engagement

IBM Watson for Oncology

IBM Watson Care Manager

Page 17: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Watson Discovery Service: The Data Dilemma

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 18: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Chronic Disease Management

• CVS Health + IBM Watson Health • Clinical data, prescription claims, wearable devices • Goals:

•  Predict individuals at risk for declining health (proactive, customized engagement programs)

•  Encourage patients to adopt safe and healthy behaviors (adherence - meds and healthy lifestyle regimens)

•  Suggest appropriate use of cost-effective primary care and out-patient providers

https://cvshealth.com/newsroom/press-releases/cvs-health-and-ibm-tap-watson-develop-care-management-solutions-chronic-disease

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 19: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

The future…

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Page 20: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

•  Goal: portable, versatile diagnostics device for the masses

•  13 conditions + 3 of 5 additional diseases (HIV, HTN, melanoma, shingles, strep throat)

•  “DxtER”

•  Uses AI to teach itself diagnosis using sensors (VS, body chemistry, biological functions), data from emergency medicine and actual patient data

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 21: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Turbine

•  Personalized cancer treatment

•  Molecularly models cancer biology – without cell or animal experiments

•  AI identifies biomarkers that suggest sensitivity to treatment

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 22: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Whole Biome

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 23: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

AiCure App

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 24: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Atomwise

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 25: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Human Longevity

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 26: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Wrap Up

•  Watson (and other AI) understands natural language, generates and evaluates hypotheses, and learns from users.

•  IoT

•  Connected patients

•  Connecting systems

•  Open AI

•  Intelligent decisions -> Faster -> Better outcomes

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 27: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Questions

American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 28: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Images •  CC vs AI:

http://www.earley.com/sites/default/files/artificial-intelligence-robot-head.jpg

•  QAM: http://www.healthcareitnews.com/sites/default/files/Artificial%20Intelligence-HITN.png

•  Jeopardy: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IBM_Watson_w_Jeopardy.jpg

•  Surgical Robot: https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/61/05/fb/6105fb01f7b0b9c2169881d4b1b70106.jpg

•  Up to speed: http://www.businesscloudnews.com/files/2016/01/AI-Artificial-Intelligence-Machine-Learning-Cognitive-Computing.jpg

•  Immunotherapy: https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6PIbjIfiUmQ/V97Nkb0zIrI/AAAAAAAACdc/-P91zvjvwWce-xjp59dGYJXCfy4cEKywACLcB/s1600/o-COGNITIVE-COMPUTING-facebook.jpg

•  Diabetes: http://www.healthcareitnews.com/sites/default/files/SugarIQ2-712.jpg

•  Gene sequencing: http://www.biospectrumindia.com/uploads/articles/id-100110956.jpg

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear

Page 29: IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare · IBM Watson: Artificial Intelligence Meets Healthcare BRENT I. FOX,PHARMD, PHD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR HARRISON SCHOOL OF …

Images •  Bumps:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/NJDOT_Bumps_Sign.svg/2000px-NJDOT_Bumps_Sign.svg.png

•  Data discovery: http://zdnet2.cbsistatic.com/hub/i/r/2015/03/23/67770c43-61fa-4ca3-8621-e15b637f72f3/resize/770xauto/782448fd0c0d63e207ef2098b26180ca/big-data-discovery-graphic.png and https://www.ibm.com/watson/developercloud/doc/discovery/images/discovery-flow.png

•  Qualcomm: https://images.indiegogo.com/file_attachments/345204/files/20131217115932-Qualcomm_Tricorder_XPRIZE.jpg?1391387907

•  IBM Watson Health: https://www.mskcc.org/sites/default/files/node/12959/image/watson-avatar-video.jpg

•  Turbine: http://img.etimg.com/thumb/msid-51695831,width-310,resizemode-4,imglength-684318/ibm-1.jpg

•  Biome: https://draxe.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/MicrobiomeGraphic.jpg and http://www.wholebiome.com/uploads/2/3/5/3/23537596/discovery-platform-graphic-sandbox-3_orig.png

• 

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American Society for Automation in Pharmacy 2017 Midyear Conference June 21-23 · Palm Beach, FL · www.asapnet.org · #ASAPMidyear