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ICHET

HYDROGEN

ENERGY

PROJECTS


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INTERNATIONAL CENTRE

FOR HYDROGEN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESA project of the United Nations Industrial Development Organizationsupported by the Turkish Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources

ICHET

HYDROGEN

ENERGYPROJECTS

UNIDO-ICHET, Sabri lker Sk. 38/4,Cevizliba g, Zeytinburnu , 34015 Istanbul, Turkey. Tel: +90 212 416 4848 Fax : +90 212 416 8947 co ntact@unido- ichet.org www.unido-i chet.org

Highlights on UNIDO-ICHET activities and projects,

April 2011


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Contents

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UNIDO-ICHET ........................................................................................6-7

H2

Ecocaravan ........................................................................................8-9

H2

Ecolift .............................................................................................10-11

Renewable mobile house ...................................................................12-13

Hydrogen ships ..................................................................................14-15

H2

Ecocart ..........................................................................................16-17

Hybrid bus ..........................................................................................18-19

Refuelling station ................................................................................20-21

Hydrogen islands................................................................................22-23

Backup systems .................................................................................24-25

Hydrogen three-wheelers ...................................................................26-27

Partnerships .......................................................................................28-29


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UNIDO-ICHET

Towards a hydrogen inclusive economy

From air, soil and sea pollution to global climate change and rising sea levels,

fossil fuels have decisively harmful impacts on the environment. A shift to a

more environmentally friendly paradigm based on renewable energy sources

and complemented by an efcient energy carrier is becoming inevitable. Clean,

safe and efcient, hydrogen is this ideal energy carrier. Given the right political

impetus, a hydrogen-inclusive economy can be implemented in the mid-term.

The International Centre for Hydrogen En ergy Technologies (ICHET) is a project

of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) founded in

Istanbul in 2004 and supported by the Turkish Ministry of Energy and Natural

Resources. Its role is to stimulate this impetus in the developing world so as to

prevent the widening of the energy and technology gap with the developed one

while helping skipping over the fossil fuel phase. Since the establishment of its

full human resource and laboratory structure in 2009, ICHET has been overtly

active on all fronts of the hydrogen energy arena through supporting R&D and

implementing demonstration projects.

1. Turkish Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Dr. Hilmi Gler (left) and Director General of UNIDO Mr. Carlos Margarinos

(right) signing the agreement creating ICHET on 21st Ocober 2003. 2. Current Turkish Minister of Energy and Natural Resources

Taner Yldz. 3. UNIDO-ICHET Managing Director Dr. Mustafa Hatipoglu. 4. UNIDO Director General Kandeh Yumkella.

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H2

Ecocaravan

A new all-in-one low emission lifestyle

The Ecocaravan is a RV type vehicle, a self-sustained living space complete

with all the modern facilities. Fitted with a small wind turbine and an array of

photovoltaic cells, it is able to produce its own electricity from wind and solar

energy or, in absence thereof, from the stored hydrogen obtained through

electrolysis during excess electricity production. Its mobility, reactivity and

exibility are its distinctive hallmark: an autonomous self propelled living unit

suitable for operation in remote areas or in emergency relief conditions. In

October and November 2010, the Ekokaravan completed a promotional

tour throughout 10 cities in Turkey in order to demonstrate its pollution-free,

renewable energy based lifestyle. The Ekokaravan has since then been presented

in major fairs in Istanbul and made a special appearance in Abu Dhabis World

Future Energy Summit in January 2011 after a 10 days road trip through Syria,

Jordan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.

Average daily energy production:12 kWh. Photovoltaic array: 1,7 kW. Wind turbi ne: 1 kW. Fuel cell: 1,2 kW.

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Greater power, extended run time

The fuel cell forklift project intends to demonstrate a proposed conversion

of forklift powering technology, from conventional lead-acid batteries to

environmentally friendly hydrogen proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel

cell. Tests have demonstrated both improved overall performance and an

extended run time between lls, which together signicantly increase the

forklifts productivity, thus proving that the same service can be operated in a

more efcient way through the use of inovative technology allowing a drastically

reduced carbon footprint. Taking this concept a stage further, in 2010 ICHET

started a collaboration with the EU SHEL project to build a eet of forklifts and

operate them in locations throughout Europe. With the completion of the project,

the real economic benets accruing from fuel cell systems will become more

tangible

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H2

Ecolift

Lifting capacity: 1500 kg. Electrical motor voltage: 48 Volts (2x4 KW engine). Maximum current output: 800 A.Hydrogen fuel storage capacity: 1.6 kg (at 15C, 350 bar).

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Renewable house

Home integrated self-sufficiency

The renewable mobile house is a standard size container turned into a self-

sustained living space complete with all the modern facilities. The purpose

of this educational platform is to raise public awareness on the potential of

renewable energies for the powering of off-grid stations. Fitted with a small wind

turbine and an array of photovoltaic cells, it is able to produce its own electricity

from wind and solar energy or, in absence thereof, from the stored hydrogen

obtained through electrolysis during excess electricity production. It is the perfect

prototype of autonomous living units suitable for operation in remote areas or in

emergency relief conditions.

Daily energy production in December 2009: 4400Wh. Energy sources: a 800W array of photovoltaic panelsand a 1kW Wind Turbine. Fuel cell power: 2kW. Electrolyzer power: 0.6kW.

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Hydrogen ships

Sailing away from fossil fuel pollution

ICHET supports the implementation of hydrogen fuel cell water transport

solutions aiming to reduce polluting emissions into the seas, lakes and rivers.

With not less than seven different projects being worked on, Istanbuls Golden

Horn has become the experimental eld of this endeavour. The agship of this

effort is is a 50 passengers vessel designed together with Istanbul Municipality.

ICHET is also supporting universities in the design of similar - yet smaller sized -

passenger ships.

Istanbul Municipalitys Passenger ship: 48 kW fuel cell stack; 20 kg of hydrogen fuel.University projects: 8kW fuel cell stacks, size up to 7x3 m. Participating universities: Middle East Technical University;Istanbul Technical University; Yildiz Technical University; Sakarya University; Dokuz Eylul University; Halic University. 15


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H2

Ecocart

Instant mobility at the flick of a switch

Passenger carts, commonly used in airports and public sites to facilitate the

movement of elderly and disabled people, are generally powered by battery

packs, which feature a long recharging time. Designed in collaboration with

the Electrical Engineering Department of Yildiz Technical University, the H2

Ecocart prototype demonstrates that hydrogen fuel cells can be advantageously

integrated into such vehicles. It is hoped to encourage the development of the

eco-mobility vehicle concept.

2.6 kW (3.5 hp) DC e lectrical motor. 2 kW PEM fuel cell unit. 6 metal hydride canisters (600 x 6 standard litres).1.5 kW gel battery (start-up power). 360 watt mono crystal PV array for start-up batteries charging.Seating capacity: 4 persons. Autonomy: 2 hours. Max. speed 25 km/h. 17


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Hybrid bus

En route for carbon free public transports

ICHET is participating to the design and dev elopment ot Turkeys rst hybrid

bus running on hydrogen. This bus will be operated on an already existing route

crossing the Golden Horn and driving along historical sites on the Western part of

Istanbul. This prototype aims at demonstrating not only the potential of bringing

down emissions under city trafc conditions but also the possibility of actually

saving fuel by increasing efciency thanks to its series hybrid energy system

conguration. A hydrogen refuelling station aimed at servicing the bus as well as

the fuel cell ships is to be built on the shore of the Golden Horn.

Bus Type: Low Floor Serial Hybrid City Bus. Engine Type: Hydrogen Fuelled Internal Combustion Engine (HICE).

Power of the HICE: 90kW. Bus lenght: 12m.19


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Refuelling station

Hydrogen refuelling by the Golden Horn

A hydrogen lling station located on the Golden Horn banks is being developed in

partnership with Istanbul Greater City Municipality. The location of the lling station

is specically chosen in order to supply both buses and ships in a single location. It

will be a instrumental in supporting Turkeys automotive sectors endeavour for the

development of clean energy vehicles by providing them real life test opportunities

for hydrogen powered vehicles. The Golden Horn hydrogen lling station will be the

rst hydrogen lling station in Turkey, and a world premiere as a hydrogen facility

supplying both sea and land transportation vehicles.

Fuelling station comprises of: a 30 Nm3/h electrolyzer, a hydrogen compressor, hydrogen storage tanks (100 kg at 400 bar)

and a hydogen dispenser (dispensing at 220&350 bar with 2-5 kg/h capacity). Total hydrogen gas dispensing capacity:

up to 65 kg per day. 21


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Hydrogen Islands

Test cases on isolated communities

With their pristine environment, island communities are ideal locations for early

applications of hydrogen energy technologies. Their abundance in renewable

energy sources, their enhanced visibility and the high energy costs related to

their remoteness from the mainland grid make a perfect framework for test-case

demonstration. On the Bozcaada island (Turkey), ICHET is currently implementing

a hydrogen energy facility utilizing renewable energies. It is involved in similar

project on the Cook Islands, for which it garnered support from the Global

Environment Facility (GEF). In a more general frame, ICHET is supporting the

Hydrogen Island concept through networking activities in the context of projects

or international associations like the IEA Hydrogen Implementing Agreement.

Bozcaada: 30kW wind turbine, 20kW PV panels, 25 kW electrolyser, 15 kW fuel cells.

Cook Islands: 72kW PV panels, 174kW of wind turbines, 100 kW electrolyser, 15kW fuel cells, mini bus, hydrogen boat. 23


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H2

backup systems

Uninterruptible power in public places

While uninterruptible power systems have typically relied on diesel generators or

batteries for backup energy storage, recent advances in fuel cell technologies

have provided an environmentally friendly power backup solution based on

hydrogen fuel. ICHET has implemented such systems outside the Yenikap pier

ofces of Istanbul Sea Bus company (IDO), thus allowing the demonstration of

this technology to millions of commuters every year. ICHET is also project partner

of the FITUP project. Elaborated in the frame of the European commission Fuel

Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, this project aims at installing by end of

2013 a total of 19 fuel cell systems as UPS/backup power sources in selected

sites across Europe.

Fuel cell type: proton exchange membrane (PEM). Fuel Cell Power: 5 kW DC. Six hydrogen storage tanks at a 175 Bar,each has 0.7 Kg H

2. Hydrogen consumption at 5kW: 75 slpm. Operating conditions: outdoor rated. Rated output power is

3500 W at 220 V 50Hz. Operating temperature: from -40C to 50C. 25


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three-wheelers

Hydrogen energy for everyday transport

This project aims at introducing hydrogen as the most environmenta lly friendly

gaseous fuel, opening the way to drastic reduction of the levels of air pollutants in

urban areas. A eet of 15 three-wheeled vehicles propelled by hydrogen internal

combustion engines has been designed by ICHET in collaboration with Mahindra

& Mahindra, one of the main producer of this common and affordable public

transport in India. Along with its refuelling facility, it to be implemented in New

Delhis Pragati Maidan exhibition site and to start operation by the end of 2011.

Engine type: 395 CC, 4-stroke. Max. power: 4.8kW at 3600 rpm. Gross vehicle weight: 850 kg. Fuel consumption: 95 km /kg.Fuel storage: carbon ber composite hydrogen cylinders. Working pressure: 200 bar. H2 capacity: 0.6 kg.

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Partnerships

Join the hydrogen energy drive!

In 2009, the International Centre for Hydrogen Energy Technologies has become,through UNIDO, a full member of the Hydrogen Implementing Agreement of the

International Energy Agency. It is the rst UN body to integrate the IEA. ICHET is

also engaged on the European scene through its participation to the European

Commission N.ERGHY initiative and involvement with the Joint Research Centre.

ICHET is supported by the Global Environment Facilities fund (GEF) and, through

its demonstration projects and training activities, has linked with numerous

corporate and academic partners.

Thanks to the support of the Turkish State, ICHET has thus successfully

launched a number of projects and initiatives in and outside of Turkey during the

rst phase of its existence. It is now seeking additional support or partnership

from other governments or institutions in order to extend its network, broaden

the geographic scope of its activities and strengthen its position as a global

contributor to the eld of hydrogen energy technologies.

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