icmm-mining in ghana-what future can we expect

7/26/2019 ICMM-Mining in Ghana-What Future Can We Expect

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Report

Mining in Ghana

What future can we expect?

Mining: Partnerships for Development

July 2015

a


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Foreword 3

Executive summary 4

ntroductionand methodology !"

#$$reviations !%

!& 'hana(seconomy and the role of mining !3

1.1 Nationalprofile 14

1.2 he !ining "ector 1#

%& Macroeconomic life cycle contri$utions of mining %)

2.1 $ife cycle pro%ection" of the !ining "ector 2#

2.2 Mining&" i!pact on 'alue a((e( )2

2.) Mining&" i!pact on e!ploy!ent )#

2.4 *cenario analy"e" )+

3& *ocal views 43

).1 he (ifferent "ta,ehol(er group" 44

).2 -ey fin(ing" 45

4& Emerging priorities for action 4+

References )3

#nnexes ),

nnex / nputoutput !etho(ology 5

nnex 3/ $i"t of "ta,ehol(er" inter'iewe( 1

nnex / Wor,"hop (etail" 5

nnex 6/ -ey policy (e'elop!ent" in Ghana&" !ining "ector #nnex 7/ he !ine pro%ect life cycle +

#c-nowledgements ,"

o'er i!age courte"y of he Ghana ha!8er of Mine"


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Mining in Ghana What future can we expect? )Mining/ 9artner"hip" for 6e'elop!ent) Mining in Ghana What future can we expect? Mining/ 9artner"hip" for 6e'elop!ent

:orewor(

he hi"tory of !ining an( it" econo!ic "ignificance to the

people of Ghana "tretche" o'er a century. ;owe'er< the

narrati'e an( literature on the !ining "ector&" contri8utionto econo!ic progre"" ha'e often 8een wo'en aroun((e"cripti'e an( "pot (ata. 7'en though thi" pro'i(e" u"eful

hi"toric infor!ation on the 8enefit" of !ining< it "ty!ie"

effort" topre!i"epolicy (eci"ion !a,ing on ro8u"t analy"i".

t i" a

wellrecogni=e( fact that a co!prehen"i'e un(er"tan(ing

of the life cycle contri8ution of !ining i" fun(a!ental to

reali=ing the "hare( o8%ecti'e of !axi!i=ing the "pectru!

of8enefit" in(uce( 8y the pre"ence of the !ine.

n recognition of thi" challenge< the ha!8er colla8orate(

with the 0MM to un(erta,e a water"he( re"earch on the

life cycle contri8ution of !ining to the econo!y of Ghana.hi"pro%ect co!pri"e" 8oth hi"toric an( forwar( loo,ing

(ata fro! "e'en !ining operation" in Ghana< na!ely< Gol(

:iel(" ar,wa< Gol( :iel(" 6a!ang< New!ont hafoe(ueen an( frican enter for 7cono!ic ran"for!ation@7A (o not only un(er"core the (irect 8enefit" of !ining8ut al"o the nu!erou" 'alue !ultiplier" generate( 8y the

econo!ic acti'ity. 9articularly< it e!pirically(e!on"trate"how local purcha"e" in the !ining "ector coul( 8e

le'erage( to cataly=e in(u"trial growth a" well a" "pur thecreation of new wealth. n the long run< thi" outturn i"

expecte( to enhance econo!ic (e'elop!entan( well8eingof thepopulation. B'er an( a8o'e the reco!!en(ation"

proffere(8y the re"earcher"< "ta,ehol(er" were al"o gi'enthe opportunity to co!!ent on the fin(ing". he"e ha'e

8een incorporate( into the report a" part of the 8lueprint

!ea"ure" that woul( 8e "pearhea(e( 8y the ha!8er an(

it""ta,ehol(er".

a! confi(ent that e'ery rea(er woul( fin( thi" reporte(ueen

an( 7 collecte( (ata fro! "econ(ary "ource"< !iningco!panie" an( go'ern!ent!ini"trie"< an( aggregate( an(

proce""e( that (ata in "uch a way that 8oth !ining&" (irect

an( in(irect life cycle i!pact can 8e "hown.

he fra!ewor, in Mo(ule of the 0MM M96 ool,it allow"u" to "how the (irect contri8ution" of !ining 8y con"i(ering

pro(uction le'el"< capital in'e"t!ent"< tax pay!ent"eco'ery9rogra! pha"e with a pu"h towar(" attracting foreignin'e"t!ent< pri'ati=ation an( "tate (i'e"titure. he "ector i"now largely foreign owne(K the Go'ern!entof Ghana ha"!inority @10 per centA free carrie( intere"t "hare in !o"t of

the !ain acti'e large"cale !ining operation" a" "hown in

a8le 1< with New!ont an( ngloGol( "hanti a"exception".1

$ocal e?uity participation in the "ector i" al"o 'ery !ini!alailroa(

irport

M0N0NG B97>BN*

1 (a!u" >e"ouce"

2 hirano Gol( Mine"

*awla

G8en"he

3ole 6a!ango

6a8oya

Japei

0amale Jen(i

a8=ugu

3i!8ila

) Gol( :iel(" 6a!ang

4 Gol( :iel(" ar,wa

5 Gol(en *tar Wa""a

New!ont hafo

# New!ont ,ye!

*alaga 0 25 50 #5 100 -ilo!eter"

7 6&OB>7

*a!pa

3a!8oi -inta!po

Je%i OB$.6u!8ai

0 25 50 #5 Mile"

a

.unyani

3>BNG1;:BWenchi

echi!an

7%ura

3eche!

te8u8u

-wa(%o,ro! -ete -rachi

-a(%e8i

Ja"i,an

;ohoeLake

BGB

Wiaw"o

wa"o

2

*;N0

/umasi

(rie!8a

3e,wai

B8ua"i

Ma!pong

gogo

-onongo

L. Bosumtwi

#-a(e

Volta

7*7>N

3egoro,o"o!8o

6a!

-pan(u

>o

nyirawa"i6=o(=e

flao

37NN

W7*7>N6un,wa

B(a /oforidua

N"awa! 7>

*oga,ofe Keta Lagoon-eta

7nchi:o"o

*haiG>7 (a nloga

;ill" >e!awifu 9ra"o

5 7N>$*we(ru

e"hiAccra

Newtown ;alf ""ini1

7"ia!a

7l!ina

4*altpon(

2ape 2oastWinne8a

xi! .e-ondi50a-oradi Gulf of Guinea

T

)


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*ource/ 3a"e( on !ap 41< Cnite( Nation"


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Mining sector policy and legal framewor-

.""i"te(8y the Worl( 3an, an( M:< in 1+) the !ining

"ector in Ghana "tarte( the inception "tage" of the7cono!ic >eco'ery 9rogra! gui(e( 8y the *tructural

(%u"t!ent 9rogra!. he policy orientation wa" to

"trengthen the 'alue of the (o!e"tic currency through thepro!otion of export" an( to increa"e :6 inflow. he !ining

"ector wa" i(entifie( a" a "ector that coul( cha!pion thi"

agen(a. o thi" en(< a co!prehen"i'e !ining law< which wa"

the fir"t in the hi"tory of Ghana @Mineral" an( Mining $awoyaltie"A >egulation"< $ 1)4+ 1+#

*!all"cale Gol( Mining $aw< 9N6$ 21 1++

9reciou" Mineral" Mar,eting orporation $aw< 9N6$ 21+ 1++

7"ta8li"h!ent of 9reciou" Mineral" Mar,eting orporation 1++

7"ta8li"h!ent of 7n'iron!ental 9rotection gency 1++4

6rawing up of !ining en'iron!ental gui(eline" 1++4

Mineral" an( Mining @!en(!entA ct @ct 4#5A 1++4

>e'iew of !ining en'iron!ental gui(eline" 1+++

6i'e"titure of "tateowne( !ine" fro! 1++2 to 1+++ 1++2 to 1+++

Mineral" an( Mining ct @ct #0)A 200

Mineral" an( Mining @!en(!entA ct @ct #+4A 2010

Mineral" an( Mining @GeneralA >egulation"< $ 21#) 2012

Mineral" an( Mining @*upport *er'ice"A >egulation"< $ 21#4 2012

Mineral" an( Mining @o!pen"ation an( >e"ettle!entA >egulation"< $ 21#5 2012

Mineral" an( Mining @$icen"ingA >egulation"< $ 21# 2012

he Mineral" an( Mining @;ealth< "afety an( echnicalA >egulation" $ 212 2012

Mineral" an( Mining @7xplo"i'e"A >egulation" $ 21## 2012


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he Mini"try of $an(" an( Natural >e"ource"< through the

Geological *ur'ey 6epart!ent an( the Mineral"

o!!i""ione'enue uthority< G**< Mineral" o!!i""ion an( Mini"try of :inance (atae'enue uthority an( Mineral" o!!i""ion.

:igure + "how" that a8out 1+ per cent of go'ern!enttaxre'enueco!e" fro! the !ining "ector. 7xcept for therecent a('ent of oil< the !ining "ector !a,e" the large"t

contri8ution to go'ern!entre'enue.>oyaltie" alone ha'e

range( 8etween 4 an( per cent of total (irect taxre'enuean( corporate inco!e tax 8etween 5 an( 1 per cent for the

perio( 2005 to 201). otal royaltie"e"ource Go'ernancen(ex< Ghana&"go'ernanceof the re"ource "ector ran,e( 15th out of 5 inthe worl( in 201). he in(ex !ea"ure" country go'ernance

perfor!ance in ter!" of go'ern!entaccounta8ilityAlgeria

Mo=a!8iue

a!eroon

*au(i ra8ia

fghani"tan

*outh *u(an

i!8a8we

a!8o(ia

ran

Patar

$i8ya

7uatorial Guinea

ur,!eni"tanMyan!ar

" !" %" 3" 4" )" ?" ," " +" !""

*ource/ Natural >e"ource Go'ernancen"titute.


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Macroecono!ic lifecycle contri8ution"of !ining

!agecourte"yofheGhana5ha!

8erofMine"

2


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Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

2 Mining in Ghana What future can we expect? Mining/ 9artner"hip" for 6e'elop!entMining in Ghana What future can we expect? 2Mining/ 9artner"hip" for 6e'elop!ent

2Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

0his section presents7 for the first

time7 a picture of the macroeconomic

contri$utions from 'hana(smining

sector: using $oth actual and proAected

data provided $y a num$er of 'hana(s

largest mining companies see #nnex

# for more details on the data and

assumptions used& 0he seven mines

together represent over ,! per cent of

the large5scale gold mining sector or

approximately 4? per cent of the entire

gold mining industry in 'hana&

:igure 11 "how" all tho"e !ining co!panie" that are

inclu(e( in our analy"i" @greenA an( tho"e co!panie" that areexclu(e( fro! the analy"i" @yellow an( re(A.

t "houl(8e note( that the life cycle co!pany (ata i"8a"e(

onhi"toric (ata 8eginning in 2010 an( planne(pro(uction

figure" fro! 20142022 fro! a "a!ple of "e'en !ining

operation". he"e pro%ection" are 8a"e( on expen(iture" that

arepre"entlyauthori=e( an( exclu(e the one" that !ay 8eauthori=e( or re'i"e( in the future. t the "tart of thi" "tu(y

the !a%ority of the "a!ple of !ining co!panie" 8a"e( their

pro%ection" on a C*D1e"ource" %

9er"eu" Mining @GhanaA )

Bther !ining co!panie" !

otal "!all"cale 3)

*ource/ Mineral" o!!i""ion.


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%&!

*i fe cycle proAections of the mining sector:igure 12pro'i(e" an o'er'iew of the hi"torical an(

pro%ecte( !ine pro(uction 'olu!e"an( "how" increa"ingpro(uction 'olu!e" fro! 1


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2012

201)

ProAected data

2014

2015

2011


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Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

Fhe high gol( price in the

perio( 20101) le( to"ignificant in'e"t!ent"in the "ector.

:igure 1) "how" that (eclining 'olu!e"an( lower gol(price" @co!pare( to the allti!e high in 2011A 8ring a8outlower re'enue"an( expen(iture" fro! 2014 onwar(".he high gol( price in the perio( 20101) le( to "ignificant

in'e"t!ent"in the "ector. hi" "ituation re'er"e"fro!2014 onwar("< in part reflecting lower gol( price".

Figure !3: >istorical and proAected sales revenues and expenditures for the seven mines in the sample: %"!"7%%

>istorical data

2010

2011

2012

201)

ProAected data

2014

2015

201

201#

201

201+

2020

2021

2022

1


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Miningrelate( expen(iture" were on the increa"e in the

year"up to 201) followe( 8y apro%ecte( (ecline. n the "hortter! thi" (ecrea"e (oe" not 8oo"t !ining co!panyprofit"

8ecau"e the (eclining gol( price al"o cau"e" re'enue"to(ecrea"e. ;owe'er< fro! 2020 onwar(" we "ee a "ignificant

increa"e in !ining co!panyprofit" @"ee :igure 14A.

We attri8ute thi" pri!arily to the "tage in the life cycle

@"eennex 7A where8y nonla8our capex an( opex

in'e"t!entgra(uallyre(uce a" !ine" co!e clo"er to theiren( of life


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:igure 15pre"ent" the cu!ulati'eprofit" of the "a!ple of

!ining co!panie"< go'ern!entinco!e an( "upplierexpen(iture" o'er the perio( 201022. Bn a'erage< !iningco!panyprofit" @profit" accruing to !ining co!panie" after

all "tatutory o8ligation" are "ati"fie(A< are approxi!ately10 per cent of total re'enue"


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Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !iningMacroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

Ghanaian nonla8our capex an( opex< an( "ocial in'e"t!ent"co!pri"e half of all expen(iture" !a(e in Ghana an( are

con"i(ere( local procure!ent expen(iture". Bn a'eragethi" i" C*D2 !illion< re"pecti'elyC*D155 !illion< C*D45!illion an( C*D1# !illion< which i" a8out 25 per cent of

totalexpen(iture" @C*D2istorical and proAected expenditures in 'hana %"!"7%%

Nonla8our capex *ocial in'e"t!ent" 9ay!ent" to the go'ern!ent

Nonla8our opex Wage" an( la8our co"t

>istorical data

2010

2011

1++ 41+ 1)+ 2#

11 4++ 1#1 41

!:")"!:)3"

2012 1#4 5+1 200 #5 !:,""

!:,4!

201

201+

125 40 14 ))1

1)5 4# 10 )05

!:!"4

!:"+!

2020 115 )+ 155 41 !:"E+

20215 )) 14 412 !:"!!

2022

#verage 155 45 1## 40 !:%!3

0 200 400 00 00 1


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%&%

Mining(simpact on value added

n or(er to "how the current an( potential i!pact of !ining

in Ghana< the report "how" (irect an( in(irect 'alue a((e(in Ghana 8etween 2010 an( 2022. Oaluea((e( i" (efine(

a" the "u! of "alarie"< taxe" an( profit" that accrue to

Ghanaian re"i(ent" or entitie" an( i" co!para8le to

Ghana&" G69. :ro! the life cycle (ata pro'i(e( 8y the

"a!ple of !ining co!panie"< we can (eter!ine the (irect

'alue a((e( that the "a!ple contri8ute" to Ghana. ;owe'eristorical data

2010

2011

2012

4+4

5#1

0

+1 )42

10# #1

12) #1

+%,!:3+)

!:)44

201)

ProAected data

2014

2015

201

201#

#

50#

5)4

51+

50#

+5 42+

104 41+

101 ))

++ )5

1)4 )

+),

+?3

!:"3!

!:")?

!:))?

201

201+

2020

2021

50+

515

441

)+#

++ )+4

101 )#0

4#)

# 41+3?

!:""%

+E?

!:"""

2022

#verage

)+

52

#+ 45

12 44

+4"

!:"++

0 200 400 00 00 1


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Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !iningMacroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

n co!pari"on to inGhana expen(iture" @"ee :igure

1A< :igure 20 "how" that inco!e for the Go'ern!entof Ghana in the for! of tax an( nontax pay!ent" i"!uch !ore 'olatile. lthough a fluctuating gol( price

(irectly influence" royalty an( corporate inco!e taxpay!ent"< the (rop in go'ern!entinco!e "tarting in2014 i" pri!arily (ue to capital allowance" in !ining

@"ee 3ox 2 for !ore (etail" on capital allowance"A.

n 2020< !o"t in'e"t!ent" ha'e 8een recoupe(< which

re"ult" in an increa"e of corporate inco!e tax

pay!ent" of al!o"t C*D100 !illion @fro! C*D

!illion in 201+ toC*D14 !illion in 2020A. Bn a'eragee(ueen an( !ining co!pany (ata fro! "e'en !ine".

5 Ghana&" la8our force ha" 8een e"ti!ate(8y !ultiplying Ghana&" la8our forcein 201) 8y the a'erage growth rate of the population fro! the la"t 10 year".hi" re"ult" in an e"ti!ate( la8our force of 1). !illion people in 2022.

2012 # ) 50 4 !43

201)

ProAected data

1.)I of la8our force

2014 24 )# )5 !"4

2015 # 2 40 )# !!!

201 # 25 40 ) !"E

201## 24 )+ )5 !"?

201# 24 )+ ) !"?

201+# 25 40 ) !",

2020

21 )4 )1 +!2021

1+ )2 2 E3

2022


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:igure 2) exclu(e" the in(uce( effect" an( only "how" the

%o8" that are "upporte( through local "ourcing. Mo"t of the

%o8"< on a'erage )0


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:igure 24 "how" the ?uality of %o8" "upporte( for an

a'erageyear.he "a!ple of !ining co!panie" ha"the highe"t ?uality of %o8"< %u"t o'er C*D5


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Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

What happen" to the contri8ution" when the"e e'ent"occuri" !ine"pecific. Much (epen(" on the pha"e of the life

Figure %): .cenario 7 decline of gold price over time

cycle each !ine i" in. herefore caution !u"t8e ta,enwhen interpreting the re"ult" fro! our "cenario analy"e".

f for exa!ple the gol( price (ecrea"e"< for "o!e !ine"

'olu!e of earth !o'e( !ay continue at "a!e "pee( while

other" !ay "low (own. Mill 'olu!e"!ay change a"exi"ting "toc,pile" @which are li,ely to 8e lower gra(eA are

!ille(. n( when lower gra(e ore i" !ille(< gol( pro(uction

will (ecrea"e. hi" again will wor"en the (ecrea"e of net

profit"< e'entually"hortening the life of !ine an((ecrea"ing total life cycle re'enue".Cnfortunatelyno"pecific co!pany (ata i"a'aila8le for the (ifferent

"cenario". herefore< we u"e(

a few "cenario"pecific a""u!ption" to a(%u"t the life cycle

2hange in sales revenue

4


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ncreasing royalty rates

f the go'ern!entchange( the royalty regi!e fro! 5percent to 10 per cent< the "a!e "cenario applie" a" with a

(ecrea"ing gol( priceK the profit" for the "a!ple of !ining

co!panie" (ecrea"e an( a" a re"ult the life of !ine i"

"hortene(. Wor,ing with the co!pany (ata that i"

a'aila8le< we ha'e applie( the following a""u!ption"/

E >oyaltypay!ent" increa"e fro! 5 per cent to 10 percent

E Bther 'aria8le"@opex< capex< "alarie"< "ocial in'e"t!ent"an( people e!ploye(Are!ain con"tant in the "i!ulationperio(

E o!pany profit" an( thu" free carrie( intere"t+ an(

Figure %?: .cenario 7 royalty rate over time


4


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Macroecono!ic life cycle contri8ution" of !ining

ncreasing local sourcing

Bn a'erage C*D2 !illion< eui'alent to 25 per cent ofFigure %,: .cenario 7 local sourcing over time

total expen(iture< i" "pent or pro%ecte( to 8e "pent in

Ghana. More local "ourcing will re"ult in !ore 'alue

a((e( an( e!ploy!ent incountry. hi" re"ult" in !ore

(e!an( for other pro(uct" an( "er'ice"< an( con"e?uently!ore 'alue a((e( an( e!ploy!ent i" create( in the

country. ncrea"ing (e!an( al"o allow" local in(u"trie" to

(e'elop an( the country to (i'er"ify it" econo!y. (i'er"ifie( econo!y i" (e"ira8le 8ecau"e it !a,e" Ghanale"" 'ulnera8le to external "hoc," "uch a" a "u((en (rop

in

the price for oil< cocoa or gol(.

he following "cenario loo," at what happen" if the "a!ple


4e(ueen an( !ining co!pany (ata fro! "e'en !ine".

*ale"re'enue@!

C*DA

Go

'ern!entinco!e@!

C*DA

O

aluea((e(@!C*DA

7!ploy!ent@R000full1t

i!ee!ployee"A


46/75

!age courte"y of he Ghana ha!8er of Mine"

$oca'iew


47/75

$ocal 'iew"


)$ocal 'iew"

n addition to the des- research and

forward5loo-ing analysis $ased on

company data we undertoo-

consultations with -ey sta-eholders to

$etter understand the impact that the

mining sector has had on the economy

and especially on mining communities

and their social and economic well5$eing&

=e also as-ed sta-eholders to identify

the -ey challenges that are facing the

sector and what measures and

interventions they thin- may $e useful

in order to enhance the sector(s impact&

3&!

0he different sta-eholder groups

he "a!ple ofparticipant" "ur'eye(wa" "electe( to reflecta8roa( repre"entation of ,ey "ta,ehol(er group" in the

!ining "ector. he !a%ority of the "ta,ehol(er" inter'iewe(

@55per centA were co!!unity8a"e( organi=ation". he

re!aining

45 per cent were fro! national in"titution"< with the !a%ority

of the! 8a"e( in the capital city< ccra. B'erall< +1 inter'iew"

were con(ucte( with ,ey "ta,ehol(er" fro! Ghana&" !ining

"ector @"ee nnex 3A largely fro! "e'en 8roa( "ta,ehol(er

group" "hown in :igure 2.

he co!!unity "ta,ehol(er" were (rawn fro! the"urroun(ing area" of two !ining operation" in the

country

hirano !ine an( the 6a!ang gol( !ine. he"e !ining

operation" are in (ifferent "tage" in the life cycle @"ee

nnex 7A. ogether


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Figure %+: Main sta-eholder groups at the community level

ra(itionalcouncil" 3+

$ocal go'ern!entin"titution" 3?

*B" !,

*ecurity "er'ice" 4

Mining "ector

relate( co!panie" 4

*ource/ :iel( "ur'ey.

3&%

/ey findings

he !a%ority of co!!unity "ta,ehol(er" hol( the 'iew

that the large"cale !ining co!panie" ha'e contri8ute(

noticea8lyto increa"ing o'erallecono!ic8enefit".o!!unity "ta,ehol(er" e"pecially feel that the "ectorha" a po"iti'e i!pact on e!ploy!ent an( that 8u"ine""

opportunitie" ha'e opene( up in the "urroun(ing

co!!unitie". " :igure )0 "how"< a large !a%ority of the

co!!unity "ta,ehol(er" @ per cent in totalA feel that

the!ine" e!ploy a greater nu!8er of local people.

*o!ehighlighte( that !ining re!ain" one of the !ain

"ource" of for!al e!ploy!ent an( although people locallye!ploye(were generallyat the 8otto! of the nationalpay"cale< !ining %o8" ten( to pay higher than other "ector".

*i!ilarly< the !a%ority of co!!unity8a"e( "ta,ehol(er"

8elie'e that the"e !ining co!panie" pro'i(e 8oth (irect

an(in(irect 8u"ine"" opportunitie" for the co!!unityK

co!!unitie" referre( to a nu!8er of large (irect

contract" a'aila8le to "upply the !ine" in area" "uch a"

catering< "ecurity an( tran"port "er'ice". Moreo'ere"pon(ent" fro! "ectorrelate( !ini"trie"!agecourte"yofNew!ontMining5orporation

>eference"


57/75

>eference"


>eference"

7 @201)A.

Ghana&" !ineral fi"cal regi!e/ a8a"eline"tu(y. ccra< Ghana< 7.

frica 9rogre"" 9anel @201)A.

7?uity in extracti'e"/ "tewar(ing frica&" natural re"ource"

for all. frica 9rogre"" report 201).

Gene'a< *wit=erlan(< frica 9rogre"" 9anel.

,a8=aa< an( 6ari!ani< @2001A.

!pact of !ining "ector in'e"t!ent in Ghana/ a "tu(y of the

ar,wa !ining region. (raft report prepare( for the

*tructural (%u"t!ent 9articipatory >e'iew nitiati'e

@*9>A. Wa"hington< 6< *9>.www."aprin.orgHghanaHre"earchHghaS!ining.p(f

3an, of Ghana @200A.

*tati"tical 8ulletin 6ece!8er 200. ccra< Ghana< 3an,

ofGhana.ww w.8og.g o'.ghHin( ex.php?optionQ co!S contentT'i ewQ categoryT

lay outQ8logTi(Q11#Tte!i(Q2)2

3an, of Ghana @200#A.

*tati"tical 8ulletin ugu"t 200#. ccra< Ghana< 3an, of

Ghana.ww w.8og.g o'.ghHin( ex.php?optionQ co!S con tentT'i ewQ categoryT

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3an, of Ghana @200+A.*tati"tical 8ulletin 6ece!8er 200+. ccra< Ghana< 3an,







3an, of Ghana @201)A.

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ofGhana.ww w.8og.g o'.ghHin( ex.php?optionQ co!S con tentT'i ewQ categoryT


3an, of Ghana.

Monetary ti!e "erie" (ata. ccra< Ghana< 3an, of Ghana.ww w.8og.g o'.ghHin( ex.php?optionQ co!Sw r apperT'i ewQw rapperT0te!i(Q2)1

:ofana< < $e!elin< an( oc,8urn< J @2005A.

3alancing a "ocial accounting !atrix/ theory an( application.entre nteruni'er"itaire "ur le >i"?ue le" 9olitiue"

7cono!iue" et $&7!ploi @0>977A< Cni'er"itU $a'aloun( @G$** A/ !ain

report. ccra< Ghana< G**.www."tat"ghana.g o '.ghH(ocfile"Hgl""HG$**SMainI20>eport.p(f
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58/75

Ghana *tati"tical *er'ice @20148A.

National account" "tati"tic".

ccra< Ghana< G**.

Glo8al ra(enaly"i" 9ro%ect @2012A.G9 6ata 3a"e. 9ur(ue Cni'er"ity< We"t $afayette @2012A.

frican econo!ic o'er'iew an( the role of the pri'ate

"ector. *tan(ar( hartere(pu8lic pre"entation.http/HHf r ."li(e"ha re.netH"ia;ou"eH1 ra=ia,han "tan(a r(chartere(8an,

-9MG nternational @2014A.Ghana/ country !ining gui(e. -9MG Glo8al Mining n"titute.ww w.,p!g.co!Hg lo8alHenHi ""ue"an(in"ight"Hartic le"pu8lication"H

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59/75

>eference"

*tewar( >e(ueen @201)A.

he national an( regional "ocioecono!ic i!pact ofNew!ont Ghana&" hafo !ine.

;aarle!< the Netherlan("< *tewar( >e(ueen.

ww w.new!ont.c o!Hfi le"H(ocS( own loa("Hafri caHahafoHen'i ron!en talHNew!ontGhanaha foMine*ocioe c ono!ic

!pact*tu(y>eportS'001S814e5!.p(f

Worl( 3an, @2014A.

Ghana country (ata/ Worl( 6e'elop!entn(icator".http/HH(ata.worl(8an,.orgHcountryHghana

Worl( 3an, Group @2015A.

hapter 2< *u8*aharan frica. n Glo8al econo!icpro"pect"e(ueen.

Figure 3): 0he four rounds of direct indirect and induced effects on value added and employment indicators

6irect i!pact "a!ple of !ining co!panie"7ffect" (irectly relate( to local expen(iture" of the !ining co!panie"

n(irect i!pact (irect "upplier"7ffect" ari"ing at "upplier" of goo(" an( "er'ice" in the 'alue chain of the !ining co!panie".

n(irect i!pact "upplier"&"upplier"7ffect" ari"ing at the "upplier" of goo(" an( "er'ice" of the !ining co!panie"&"upplier"

n(irect i!pact re"pen(ing of "alarie"7ffect" cau"e(8y the re"pen(ing of "alarie" that are pai( 8y the !ining co!panie"< it" "upplier" an( it" "upplier"&"upplier"

*ource/ *tewar( >e(ueen.

6>7

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62/75

nnex .nputoutput !etho(ology

nput

Financial data from sample of mining companies

he following "e'en !ine"pro'i(e( (ata @8a"e( on planne(

pro(uction figure" at the "tart of 2014 an( a""u!ing a gol(

price of C*D1e"ouce"

E hirano Gol( Mine"

E Gol( :iel(" 6a!ang

E Gol( :iel(" ar,wa

E Gol(en *tar Wa""a

E New!ont hafoE New!ont ,ye!.

'0#P data

:or Ghana< the !o"t recent (ata with which to con"truct

the *M i" fro! 200# an( i" ta,en fro! the G9 6ata3a"e @Glo8al ra(enaly"i" 9ro%ect 2012A. he *M i" the,ey ingre(ient of the !etho(ology an( i" explaine( in !ore(etail8elow.

Macroeconomic data

o 8e repre"entati'e< 201) G69 (ata @"ector an(

expen(iture8rea,(own"A fro! the G** ha" 8een u"e( to

up(ate Ghana&" *M. n a((ition< !acroecono!ic figure""uch a" gol(pro(uction< G69< la8our force an( go'ern!entre'enueha'e8een o8taine( fro! "ource" inclu(ing the3an, of Ghana< Mini"try of :inance an( Mineral"

o!!i""ion.

Employment data

he e!ploy!ent (ata per econo!ic "ector i" (eri'e( fro!

the2010 9opulation an( ;ou"ing en"u" con(ucte(8y the

G** @Ghana *tati"tical *er'ice 201)A. he"e figure" ha'e 8een

extrapolate( to 201) to account for the growth of the la8ourpopulation. :ro! that< "ocalle( e!ploy!ent inten"itie"

per "ector are (eter!ine( @ie the nu!8er of %o8" nee(e( to

pro(uce a !illion (ollar" of outputA.

3ecau"e of the i!portance of the infor!al "ector in Ghanae"ource"

7ngineer

6r. 3o8 lfa

9reciou" Mineral" Mar,eting o!pany hief 3u"ine""

6e'elop!entBfficerJaco8 7""el

Mineral" o!!i""ion @n"pectorate 6i'i"ionA hief n"pector of Mine" Mr. B8iri1Je8oahwu!a"i

Ghana 7xtracti'e n(u"trie" ran"parencynitiati'e

National oor(inator :ran,lin "hia(ey

Private sector organi@ations ""ociation of Ghana n(u"trie" 7xecuti'e 6irector Mr wu!,wa8oah

Ghana Minewor,er" Cnion >e"earch Bfficer *a!p"on gyapong

Ghana ha!8er of o!!erce an( n(u"try 7B Mr 3a(u8oagye

9ri'ate 7nterpri"e :e(eration 6irector General Nana B"ei3on"u

Mining sector related

companies

frica Mining *er'ice" o!pliance Manager 9eter 3ennett

Multiech *er'ice" General Manager Clri, Jaco8"on

Brica Ghana 3u"ine"" an( >egional

Manager We"t frica:ranci" 6ec,er

en 9etroleu! 7B Willia! ewiah

Butotec Ghana ;ea( Mar,eting Cnit WH 7noch -u"i1Je8oah

9elangio 7xploration 7xploration Manager *a!uel or,ornoo

Oi'o 7nergy Ghana orporate o!!unication"

Manager

*hirley ony -u!

2ivil society organi@ations

and non5governmental

organi@ations

rti"anal an( *!all *cale Miningfrica

Networ,

6irector< 9olicy an(

>e"earch

7(war( ,uo,o

ntegrate( *ocial 6e'elop!ententre 9olicy naly"t6irector

3ernar( na8a

6r *te'e Manteaw

hir( Worl(Networ, oor(inator JaoGraha!

3* Bfficer in harge of Mining Moha!!e( Maha!u(

Natural >e"ource Go'ernancen"titute frica >egional oor(inator 7!!anuel -uyole

entre for *ocial !pact *tu(ie" 7xecuti'e 6irector >ichar( 7lli!ah

MN >e"earch ""i"tant" -ofi 3oahene an(9atric, *tephen"on


65/75

nnex 3$i"t of "ta,ehol(er" inter'iewe(

0a$le 3: .ta-eholders interviewed continued

9arlia!ent

Crgani@ation Position


66/75

nnex 3$i"t of "ta,ehol(er" inter'iewe(


o!!unity "ta,ehol(er"



67/75


o!!unity "ta,ehol(er"



68/75

nnex Wor,"hop (etail"

#pril wor-shop program

0ime 0opics .pea-ers

+am Registration

+&!)am ntroduction of 2hair h!e( Nantog!ah

Bpening re!ar," Mr *ule!anu -oney< 7B Ghana ha!8er of Mine"

Bpening of the wor,"hop ;on Nii B"ah Mill"< Mini"ter $an(" an( Natural >e"ource"

+&4)am Presentation of draft findings

1. ntro(uction an( o'er'iew M" -ate ar!ichael< MM

2. Macroecono!ic8ac,groun( 6r Joe !oa,ouffour< 7

). !pact !etho(ology 6r >enU -i!< *tewar( >e(ueen

4. $ife cycle i!pact re"ult" 6r >enU -i!< *tewar( >e(ueen

5. *ur'ey re"ult" 6r Joe !oa,ouffour< 7

. PT

!!&3"am 1rea-out sessions

nclu(ing coffee 8rea,

1. $ocal econo!ic (e'elop!ent

2. >e'enue !anage!ent

). *ocial in'e"t!ent"

!%&3"pm Feed$ac- to plenary

!pm 2losing of wor-shop Mr *ule!anu -oney< 7B Ghana ha!8er of Mine"

!&3"pm *unch


69/75

nnex Wor,"hop (etail"

nnex 6-ey policy (e'elop!ent"in Ghana&" !ining "ector

=or-shop overview

hepurpo"e of the wor,"hop hel( on 2+ pril 2015 wa"

to"er'e a" a foru! to (i"cu"" an( (e8ate the initial

fin(ing" fro! the "tu(y< an( (i"cu"" an( i(entifypractical

opportunitie" for !ulti"ta,ehol(er colla8oration where

!ining co!panie"< go'ern!ente"ource"A. he ;onoura8le

Mini"ter Mill" "ai(/

FWhile !ining ha" 8een a ,ey (ri'er in our "trong econo!ic

growth< the in(u"try ha" e'en greater potential to i!pro'e

the well8eing of all Ghanaian". he 8e"t way to !a,e that

a reality i" for all "eg!ent" of "ociety to 8e part ofplanning

a (efinite future for !ining in Ghana an( "eeing to it"

i!ple!entation. Mining therefore ha" an integralpart to

play in our econo!y.

fter that M" -ate ar!ichael @Manager *ocial an(

7cono!ic 6e'elop!entof 0MMA ga'e an intro(uction an(6r Joe !oa,ouffour an( 6r >enU -i!pre"ente( the

(raft fin(ing" of the "tu(y. hi" wa" followe( 8y8rea,out"e""ion"< where participant" "plit into three group" to

exchange i(ea" an( (i"cu"" practical "tep" that coul( 8e

ta,en to "trengthen partner"hip" for (e'elop!entin theGhanaian !ining "ector.

he8rea,out "e""ion" focu"e( on three area"/ local

econo!ic (e'elop!ent


70/75

a8le 4pro'i(e" an o'er'iew of the ,ey policy

(e'elop!ent" in the !ining "ector of Ghana. Mo"t policy(e'elop!ent" ha'e 8een a8out regulating an( pro!oting"!all"cale

!ining an( "trengthening the collection< tran"parency an(

!anage!ent of !ineral re'enue".

0a$le 4: .ome -ey developments in 'hana(smining sector policy

6ear Policy initiative focus and o$Aectives /ey developments

2004 . re'ol'ing gol( cre(it of refine( gol( wa" create( to

increa"e 'alue a((ition in gol( through%ewellery pro(uction

hi" in'ol'e( the ollege of Jewellery an( the 9reciou" Mineral"

Mar,eting o!pany with the a""i"tance fro! "o!e !ining

co!panie"

opro!ote 'alue a((ition in (ia!on(pro(uction 6ia!on(cuttingplant wa" licen"e( toproce"" local (ia!on("

7"ta8li"h!ent of an alternati'e li'elihoo( progra! to "u"tain

!ining co!!unitie" after ce""ation of !ining acti'itie"

Mineral" o!!i""ion in'ol'e( chief" an( lan(owner" in targete(

co!!unitie" for oil pal! plantation (e'elop!ent

2005 o (i'er"ify the !ineral" 8a"e of the econo!y an( increa"e

in'e"t!ent in the "u8"ector< Go'ern!entof Ghana planne( to"tep up air8orne geographical "ur'ey" an( i!pro'e pre"entation

of geological (ata an( !ineral infor!ation to in'e"tor"

Go'ern!entof Ghana planne( to un(erta,e an air8ornegeophy"ical "ur'ey of the entire Oolta 3a"in to increa"e (ata on

the nation&" !ineral re"ource" an( i!pro'e pre"entation of

geological (ata an( !ineral infor!ation to in'e"tor"

9ro!otion of "u"taina8le "!all"cale gol( !ining operation" he !ini"try i(entifie( three area" in the We"tern>egion an(Winne8a in entral >egion for "!all"cale !ining operation"

200 o (i'er"ify the !ineral" 8a"e of the econo!y an( increa"e

in'e"t!ent in the "u8"ector through greater !onitoring of the

exploration an( !ining acti'itie"

9u8lic awarene"" ca!paign" on the new Mineral" an(

Mining $aw

200# ncrea"e in !ineral royaltie" to u"e the !ining in(u"try a" a

cataly"tfor (e'elop!ent

Mineral royaltie"increa"e( fro! )I to 5I

Greater !onitoring an( e'aluationof operation" for "afety

200 Greater (i'er"ification in "!all"cale !ining 7xploration of opportunitie" in "!all"cale (ia!on( !ining

Greater regulation in (ia!on( !ining in light of the -i!8erley9roce"" ertification *che!e

ll "!all"cale (ia!on( F8righter future !iner" an(

8uyer" regi"tere( an( gi'en i(entity car(" to facilitate

!onitoring< re(uce "!uggling an( co!ply with the "!all

"cale (ia!on( "ector

200+ Greater Go'ern!entof Ghana !onitoring an( e'aluationofexploration co!panie" an( !ining co!panie" to en"ure

co!pliance with !ining agree!ent"

2010 Go'ern!entof Ghana re'iew of (i'i(en( pay!ent"< exe!ption"an( the !ining "ector fi"cal regi!e

Go'ern!entof Ghana increa"e( engage!ent with !iningco!panie" on their contri8ution" un(er the fi"cal regi!e

Mea"ure" to a((re"" "ocial i""ue" in !ining co!!unitie" an(euita8le (i"tri8ution of !ining re'enue" 6raft gui(eline" intro(uce( on the u"e of !ineral royaltie"8y(i"trict an( !unicipal a""e!8lie"*ur'ey" un(erta,en to e"ta8li"h 8a"eline" (ata on "ocial

conflict" in !ining co!!unitie"

2011 hange" to when !ineral royalty pay!ent" are pai( hange in when an( how often !ineral royaltie"are pai(

7"ta8li"h!ent of !ultiagency !ining re'enueta", force ncrea"e in au(it" of !ine operation"

2012 :i"cal policy (e'elop!ent"to increa"e re'enue fro! the "ector orporate tax rate increa"e( fro! 25I to )5I

ntro(uction of a win(fall tax of 10I collecte( fro! all!ining co!panie"

apital allowance of 20I for 5 year"for !ining co!panie"

7"ta8li"h!ent of a national renegotiation tea! to criticallyre'iew fi"cal regi!e" an( !ining agree!ent"

*upport to "!all"cale !ining group" *upportpro'i(e( topurcha"e e?uip!ent an( wor,ing capital


71/75

nnex 6-ey policy (e'elop!ent"in Ghana&" !ining "ectornnex 7

he !ine pro%ect life cycle

0a$le 4: .ome -ey developments in 'hana(smining sector policy continued

6ear Policy initiative focus and o$Aectives /ey developments

201) Mea"ure" to "trengthen the regulatory fra!ewor, o gi'e full effect to ct #0) on the go'ernanceof the in(u"trye(ueen i" a "peciali=e( con"ultancy fir! whichhelp" 8u"ine"" to enhance their i!pact on "ociety while

7pro'i(e" re"earch< policy a('ice< an( capacityenhance!ent" that frican go'ern!ent"can u"e totran"for! their econo!ie"< re(uce po'erty an( i!pro'eli'ing "tan(ar(". he report&" lea( author" are 6r. >enU

-i! an( Mr. ia" 'an Moor"el fro! *tewar( >e(ueen an(9rof. Joe !oa,ouffour an( M". *arahJane 6anchie

fro! 7 @with re"earch a""i"tance fro! Maa!e 7"i7"hun an( :ran, (uA. Much of the analy"i" in the report

relie" on (ata pro'i(e( 8y the Ghana ha!8er of Mine"enU -i! forpre"enting the re"ult" of the analy"i"

an( Mr. 7!!anuel -uyole for facilitating the 8rea,out"e""ion". he contri8ution" !a(e at the wor,"hop< an(

tho"e e!erging fro! the 8rea, out "e""ion (i"cu""ion"

an( !any 8ilateral !eeting"< ha'e i!!ea"ura8lyi!pro'e(our un(er"tan(ing of the ,ey i""ue" in !iningin Ghana.

he tea! woul( al"o li,e to exten( it" "incere than,"

tothe "taff at the !any participating agencie" of the

Go'ern!entof Ghana< participating !ining co!panie"e(ueen&" an( .7&"re"pon"i8ilityalone. he a""ign!ent ha" 8een un(erta,en on the

8a"i" of "trict o8%ecti'ity an( in(epen(ence.


74/75

Disclaimer

hi" pu8lication contain" general gui(ance

only an( "houl( not 8e relie( upon a" a"u8"titute for appropriate technical

experti"e. While rea"ona8le precaution"

ha'e 8een ta,en to 'erify the infor!ation

containe( in thi" pu8lication a" at the (ate

ofpu8lication< it i" 8eing (i"tri8ute(

withoutwarranty of any ,in(< either

expre""or i!plie(.

n no e'ent "hall the nternational ouncil

on Mining an( Metal" @F0MMA @or it"affiliate" or contri8utor"< re'iewer" or

e(itor" to thi" pu8licationA8e lia8le for(a!age" or lo""e" of any ,in(< howe'erari"ing< fro! the u"e of< or reliance on thi"

(ocu!ent. he re"pon"i8ility for theinterpretation an( u"e of thi" pu8lication

lie" with the u"er @who "houl( not a""u!e

that it i" errorfree or that it will 8e "uita8le

for the u"er&" purpo"eA an( 0MM a""u!e"no re"pon"i8ility what"oe'erfor error" oro!i""ion" in thi" pu8lication or in other

"ource !aterial" which are reference(8y

thi" pu8lication.

he 'iew" expre""e( (o not nece""arilyrepre"ent the (eci"ion" or the "tate(policy

of 0MM. hi"pu8lication (oe" not con"titutea po"ition "tate!ent or other !an(atory

co!!it!ent which !e!8er" of 0MM are

o8lige( to a(opt un(er the 0MM *u"taina8le6e'elop!ent:ra!ewor,.

We are not re"pon"i8le for< an( !a,e no

repre"entation on< the content or relia8ility

of lin,e( we8"ite"< an( lin,ing "houl( not 8e

ta,en a" en(or"e!ent of any ,in(. We ha'e

no control o'er the a'aila8ility of lin,e(

page" an( accept no re"pon"i8ility for the!.

he (e"ignation" e!ploye(an( thepre"entation of the !aterial in thi"

pu8lication (o not i!ply the expre""ion

of any opinion what"oe'eron the part of0MM concerning the legal "tatu" of any

country< territory< city or area or of it"authoritie"< or concerning (eli!itation

of it" frontier" or 8oun(arie". n a((itionepro(uction of thi" pu8lication for re"ale

or other co!!ercial purpo"e" i"prohi8ite(

without prior written per!i""ion of the

copyright hol(er".

*3N/ +#1+0+4)4141

'aila8le fro!/ 0MM< ww w.ic!!.co!an

GlencoreGol(corp

Gol( :iel("

;y(roJX Nippon Mining T Metal"

$on!in

Mit"u8i"hi Material"

MMG

New!ont

9olyu" Gol(

>io into

*outh)2

*u!ito!o Metal Mining

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