ICT And Disabled PeopleGhadeer Sami

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Computers have revolutionised life for disabled people. They are used by:Severely disabled people to communicateDyslexic people The blind and visually impairedThose with learning difficulties.   The hardware may be standard hardware, or it may be modified to the specific needs of the disabled person.

Head mouseThe disabled person can move their head, and the mouse will behave on the screen just like a normal mouse that we move with our hand.

Eye-trackerOne such device is an eye tracker, which allows an individual to control a computer cursor by moving his eyes.

Electronic pointing devicesused to control the cursor on the screenwithout use of hands. Devices used include ultrasound, infrared beams, eye movements, nerve signals, or brain waves. When used with an on-screen keyboard, electronic pointing devices also allow the user to enter text or data.

On-screen keyboards provide an image of a standard or modified keyboard on the computer screen that allows the user to select keys with a mouse, touch screen, trackball, joystick, switch, or electronic pointing device. On-screen keyboards often have a scanning option that highlights individual keys that can be selected by the user. On- screen keyboards are helpful for individuals who are not able to use a standard keyboard due to dexterity or mobility difficulties.

Talking calculatorsTalking Calculator is a perfect Windows based calculator for the blind computer user. It is completely speech enabled. Learning disabled can greatly benefit from these simple devices, which relay mathematics via audio. For those with dyscalculia, such a gadget renders it much easier to check and double-check assignments.

SwitchesUsually attached to the head or a hand or on wheel chair, switches allow users remote access to various computers and other devices with far more ease than a mouse or keyboard. Like many other

wondrous assistive technologies, they come in a staggering variety of structures in order to address the widest number of

needs possible.

Reading tools and learning disabilities programs include software and hardware designed to make text-based materials more accessible for people who have difficulty with reading. Options can include scanning, reformatting, navigating, or speaking text out loud. These programs are helpful for those who have difficulty seeing or manipulating conventional print materials; people who are developing new literacy skills or who are learning English as a foreign language; and people who comprehend better when they hear and see text highlighted simultaneously.

ICT &

Disabilities