IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

ICT CONNECTIVITY IN CENTRAL ASIA

Alexey Kravchenko

Associate Economic Affairs Officer

ICT and Development Section

ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division

ESCAP

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

• Bridging digital divides

• Promoting affordable access to underserviced areas

• Policy and technical support to governments

• Resilient ICT Networks

• Support to disaster management systems

• Ensuring last mile disaster communication

• Ensuring efficient and effective Internet traffic and network management at regional, sub-regional and national levels

• Physical network design, development, management at regional level

• Inter-governmental negotiation

• Improving regulations based on open access

Connectivity Network Mgtment

Broadband for all

E-Resilience

• Bridging digital divides

• Promoting affordable access to underserviced areas

• Policy and technical support to governments

The Four Pillars of AP-IS

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Broadband for all

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Fixed broadband penetration rates

Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Fixed broadband penetration rates

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Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Total Population among SPECA countries

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Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Gross National Income per Capita

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Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

GNI per

capita

high

low

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Total Fixed Broadband Populations

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Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

GNI per

capita

high

low

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

SPECA vs other countries in Asia-Pacific

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Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

AfghanistanTurkmenistan

TajikistanTimor-Leste

KiribatiPapua New Guinea

Solomon IslandsMyanmar

Lao P.D.R.Cambodia

PakistanNepal

IndonesiaSamoa

IndiaFiji

VanuatuMarshall Islands

TongaBangladesh

Sri LankaMicronesiaPhilippines

BhutanUzbekistanKyrgyzstan

PalauMaldivesMongolia

Brunei DarussalamViet NamMalaysiaThailandArmenia

TuvaluIran (I.R.)

TurkeyKazakhstan

GeorgiaFrench Polynesia

ChinaRussian Federation

AzerbaijanNew Caledonia

SingaporeAustralia

Macao, ChinaJapan

New ZealandHong Kong, China

Korea (Rep.)

Fixed Broadband Penetration Rates (per 100)

Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Kiribati

Brunei Darussalam

Afghanistan

Papua New Guinea

India

Samoa

Turkmenistan

Solomon Islands

Tajikistan

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Lao P.D.R.

Sri Lanka

Iran (I.R.)

Nepal

French Polynesia

Uzbekistan

Tonga

Myanmar

Kyrgyzstan

Timor-Leste

Viet Nam

Armenia

Vanuatu

Philippines

Indonesia

Cambodia

Fiji

Georgia

Turkey

China

Bhutan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Maldives

Russian Federation

Thailand

Mongolia

Malaysia

Hong Kong, China

Korea (Rep.)

Australia

New Zealand

Japan

Singapore

Macao, China

Mobile Broadband Penetration Rates (per 100)

Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Affordability of fixed broadband services in SPECA countries

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Monthly

Subscription

(USD)

Cost

(% of GNI per

capita)

Cost

(% of GNI per

capita PPP)

Evaluation

Afghanistan 69.00 123.6 42.2 Unaffordable

Azerbaijan 9.50 1.5 0.7 Affordable

Kazakhstan 20.60 2.1 1.1 Affordable

Kyrgyzstan 5.83 5.6 2.2 Moderate

Tajikistan 58.44 64.9 26.4 Unaffordable

Turkmenistan 171.40 25.6 14.2 Expensive

Uzbekistan 37.5 21.5 7.7 Expensive

Source: ADB, ESCAP and ISOC, "Unleashing the Potential of the Internet in Central Asia, South Asia, the Caucasus and Beyond", 16

December 2015. Available from http://www.unescap.org/resources/unleashing-potential-internet-central-asia-south-asia-caucasus-and-beyond

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Online Services & Telecommunications

Infrastructure Indices

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Source: ESCAP. (2016). The State of ICT in Asia and the Pacific: Uncovering the Widening Broadband Divide. Available from:

http://www.unescap.org/resources/state-ict-asia-and-pacific-2016-uncovering-widening-broadband-divide

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

• Bridging digital divides

• Promoting affordable access to underserviced areas

• Policy and technical support to governments

• Resilient ICT Networks

• Support to disaster management systems

• Ensuring last mile disaster communication

• Ensuring efficient and effective Internet traffic and network management at regional, sub-regional and national levels

• Physical network design, development, management at regional level

• Inter-governmental negotiation

• Improving regulations based on open access

Connectivity Network Mgtment

Broadband for all

E-Resilience

• Physical network design, development, management at regional level

• Inter-governmental negotiation

• Improving regulations based on open access

The Four Pillars of AP-IS

1

3

Connectivity

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

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Source: ITU. (2016). ITU Interactive Terrestrial Transmission/ESCAP Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway map. Available from: https://www.itu.int/itu-d/tnd-map-public/

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

• Ensuring efficient and effective Internet traffic and network management at regional, sub-regional and national levels

The Four Pillars of AP-IS

• Bridging digital divides

• Promoting affordable access to underserviced areas

• Policy and technical support to governments

• Resilient ICT Networks

• Support to disaster management systems

• Ensuring last mile disaster communication

• Ensuring efficient and effective Internet traffic and network management at regional, sub-regional and national levels

• Physical network design, development, management at regional level

• Inter-governmental negotiation

• Improving regulations based on open access

Connectivity Network Mgtment

Broadband for all

E-Resilience

1

5

Network Mgtment

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

16

Source: ISOC. (2016). Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) Maps: Available from: http://ixptoolkit.org/ixps

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Not enough international bandwidth International

Bandwidth

(Gbps),2015

International

Bandwidth

Percapita (Kbps)

Transit Price

(USD per Mbs)

Afghanistan 24.4 0.79 35

Azerbaijan 448.8 48.76 20

Kazakhstan 1,082 64.67 15

Kyrgyzstan 30.1 5.30 30-100

Tajikistan 4.5 0.56 >100

Turkmenistan 2.4 0.47 >100

Uzbekistan 19.25 0.64 347

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Source: ADB, ESCAP and ISOC, "Unleashing the Potential of the Internet in Central Asia, South Asia, the Caucasus and Beyond", 16

December 2015. Available from http://www.unescap.org/resources/unleashing-potential-internet-central-asia-south-asia-caucasus-and-beyond

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

E-Resilience

• Bridging digital divides

• Promoting affordable access to underserviced areas

• Policy and technical support to governments

• Ensuring efficient and effective Internet traffic and network management at regional, sub-regional and national levels

• Resilient ICT Networks

• Support to disaster management systems

• Ensuring last mile disaster communication

• Physical network design, development, management at regional level

• Inter-governmental negotiation

• Improving regulations based on open access

Connectivity Network Mgtment

Broadband for all

• Resilient ICT Networks

• Support to disaster management systems

• Ensuring last mile disaster communication

E-Resilience

The Four Pillars of AP-IS

1

8

IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

E-Resilience

• The first 72 hours after a disaster event are most crucial.

• Due to disasters, ICT systems are usually rendered

inoperable.

• Enhancing ICT system resilience (e-resilience) will enable

more efficient recovery.

• Enhancing e-resilience also means better preparedness.

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IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

Thank You

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