CPU which stands for central processing unit. The processor is made of a microchip which is usually connected to the computer motherboard.

Processors carry out these functions by processing digital information, receiving data and providing data.

Processors

the CPU communicate with the Hard Drive by sending a signal down the external data bus into the hard drive controller (IDE or SATA interface on the motherboard) which then communicates with the Hard drive asking it for the data. The CPU knows the where about of the drive by communicating with the Como’s. This also applies for the CD-ROM.

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The motherboard is known as the heart of the computer because all the components of the computer connects to it. It is a green printed circuit board found in every computer and other devices. What a motherboard does is that It connects all the different components in the computer to allow it to communicate with one another.

Motherboard

BIOS

Bios which stands for Basic Input Output System is a software which tells all the hardware’s in a computer how to communicate with one another.

Power supply unit

The power supply unit is a hardware that's used to change power that comes from the outlet wall to useful electrical energy to run the parts and hardware’s in a computer. The electrical energy that comes in can be used to start the computer hardware and it keeps the computer running.

Fan and heat sink

The fan and heat sink basically removes the unnecessary heat being produced by whatever the heat sink is attached to. In the computer the heat is mostly produced by the CPU chip. Therefore the fan and heat sink prevents the computer from getting hot and damaged so it kicks out the heat from inside the computer.

Hard drive controllers

Ide which stands for Integrated Drive Electronics is a standard interface for IBM. It is found connected to the motherboard inside a computer.

SATA which stands for Serial Advanced Technology Attachment. What it does is that it basically allows mass storage devices such as hard drives to communicate with the motherboard and this is done by using a high speed serial cable over 2 conductors.

Eide which stands for Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics. Eide is new improved interface which is used nowadays in a lot of computer because it is faster and before it used to be called IDE drive interface.

Port

A port is basically something which allows the user to interface with computer. There are different types of Ports on a computer but the main ones are the mouse, keyboard.

A USB port is a normal cable connection interface which allows the user to connect any device to it so that he can import pictures and videos onto the computer.

A parallel port is a type of interface found on nearly every computer and laptop and it is usually on the side of the laptop. It is basically a connector which sends or receive only several data simultaneously

A serial port is a serial communication interface which transfer a flow of information in and out but only a bit at a time.

Internal memory

RAM

Rom -

Ram is fast type of memory which can store applications, data. There is a few stuff that can be stored in a ram and they are the operating system, applications,

Rom is memory that can’t be changed by the computer user or any program. ROM remembers its memory even if the computer is shut down.

The internal memory is usually placed inside the memory bank, which is found somewhere on the motherboard, through there the motherboard communicates with the computer.

A network card in an interface which is a piece of computer hardware to allow computers to communicate over a computer network.

Specialised cards.

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Peripherals

Output devices –

Input devices –

Many peripherals have to be connected using a single standardized interface socket.

To improve the plug-and-play capabilities the computer permits devices to be connected and disconnected without the computer to be rebooted.

Cabling

Coaxial:

Optical:

Twisted pair:

Backing storage

Floppy disks:

Pen drives:

Optical media:

Backing storage

Flash memory cards:

Portable drives:

Fixed drives: