ictl computer hardware devices
DESCRIPTION
COMPUTER HARDWARE for ICTLTRANSCRIPT
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Computer Hardware Devices 2013
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Example of Input Device Keyboard Touchscreen CCTV Bar code reader Scanner Web cam Microphone joystick Mouse Digital camera Laser pen
Example of Processor
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Example of Output Device
Monitor Speaker Printer LCD Projector Headphone plotter
COMPUTER SYSTEM = combination of 4 hardware components to
accept and process data, display and store the output.
4 hardware components
1.INPUT
DEVICE
- = device to accept data / input by users to be processed.
3. OUTPUT
DEVICE
= device to
display the data
that has been
processed
2. PROCESSOR
= CPU will
process the
input data into
useful
information
4. STORAGE
DEVICE
= device that
store the data /
output for future
use
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Computer Hardware Devices 2013
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STORAGE DEVICE
Secondary Storage Primary Storage
RAM ROM Magnetic medium
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Flash Memory
Pen drive
Memory card
Memory Stick Optical Medium
CD ROM
DVD ROM
Blu Ray disk
CDR
CDRW
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1. User key in (input) the data using input device.
2. The data will be processed by processor into useful information.
3. The processed data (info) will be displayed by output device such as
monitor, printer,...
4. The processed data (info) will be stored for future used.
**Types of data text, graphic, audio, video
Types of information text, chart, graphic, graph, total mark, video, audio.
INPUT
STORAGE
OUTPUT PROCESS
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1. INPUT any data / instructions enter into the computer for processing.
Types of input Text Graphics Audio video
Input devices Keyboard
Scanner
Barcode reader
Optical reader
Scanner
Digital camera
microphone
MIDI keyboard
CCTV
Web cam
Digital camera
**pointing device mouse, trackball, graphic tablet, touch screen.
2. PROCESS process raw data into useful information.
done by CPU or processor
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FETCH + DECODE = Instruction Cycle (I-Cycle)
EXECUTE + STORE = Execution Cycle (E-Cycle)
** I-Cycle + E-Cycle = Machine Cycle
3. OUTPUT data that has been processed / information
Can be displayed (soft copy) dan printed (hard copy)
Types of output Text Graphics Audio video Output devices Printer
Scanner
Scanner
Speaker
Headphone
LCD projector
FETCH
STORE
EXECUTE
DECODE
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4. STORAGE location which data / information is kept for future used.
Differences RAM vs ROM
DIFFERENCES RAM ROM
Data and Program Stores during and after processing
Stored by manufacturer
Content Temporary (sementara) Permanent (kekal kecuali padam)
Processing Time Very fast, but use a lot of power
Fast, use only little power
Volatility Volatile (meruap) -content loss when power is OFF
Non-volatile (tidak meruap) -content still have when power is OFF
STORAGE DEVICE
Secondary Storage Primary Storage
RAM ROM
Magnetic
medium
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Flash Memory
Pen drive
Memory card
Memory Stick
Optical Medium
CD ROM
DVD ROM
Blu Ray disk
CDR
CDRW
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Differences Primary vs Secondary Storage
DIFFERENCES Primary Storage Secondary Storage
Need Compulsory Alternative
Location Installed internally and can be accessed directly by CPU
External storage
Capacity of data stored
Store small amount of data
Store large amount of data. Ex: hard disk
Access Speed Faster because closer to CPU
Slow because have to transfer by cable to CPU
Cost Expensive Cheap
Volatility Volatile (except ROM)
Non-Volatile
Save data Temporary Permanent