ICWC ICWC – – achievements and achievements and future challenges: water future challenges: water

partnership on the way to partnership on the way to sustainable development sustainable development

V.Dukhovnyi, V.Dukhovnyi, Almaty, October Almaty, October 2323, , 20072007

Major milestones of water Major milestones of water cooperation cooperation

ARAL SEA BASIN ARAL SEA BASIN CHRONOLOGY CHRONOLOGY

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Aral Aral

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ICWC activity content ICWC activity content Joint planning as to the river regimes, their coordination and annual Joint planning as to the river regimes, their coordination and annual

water distribution water distribution – – separately for the vegetation and inter-vegetation separately for the vegetation and inter-vegetation periodsperiods;;

Operational management of water releases, water supply from inter-Operational management of water releases, water supply from inter-state sources to national sectors, control over water use and - on state sources to national sectors, control over water use and - on separate posts of BWO separate posts of BWO ““Syr DaryaSyr Darya" – " – over water qualityover water quality;;

Regular strengthening and capacity building of the ICWC bodies Regular strengthening and capacity building of the ICWC bodies through supply of technology, equipment, computersthrough supply of technology, equipment, computers, , improvement of improvement of the system of connection and communications; organization of the the system of connection and communications; organization of the system of training and qualification advancementsystem of training and qualification advancement;;

Development of informational regional system, strengthening its Development of informational regional system, strengthening its openness, confidence and bringing up the knowledge levelopenness, confidence and bringing up the knowledge level;;

Implementation of joint regional projects based on unified approach and Implementation of joint regional projects based on unified approach and principlesprinciples;;

Development and introduction of IWRM both at the regional and the Development and introduction of IWRM both at the regional and the national levelsnational levels..

What is expecting us in futureWhat is expecting us in future??Destabilizing factors - external Destabilizing factors - external

Population growthPopulation growth;; Urban population growth Urban population growth Change in the structure of culturesChange in the structure of cultures;; Increase of environmental awarenessIncrease of environmental awareness;; Climate changeClimate change;; On-going decrease of global prices for On-going decrease of global prices for

agricultural productsagricultural products;; Growth in the use of hydro potentialGrowth in the use of hydro potential;; Possible increase of water offtake by Possible increase of water offtake by

AfghanistanAfghanistan..

Comparison of two estimation scenarios of Comparison of two estimation scenarios of climate change climate change ((Chirchik Chirchik ––Akhangaran Akhangaran ––

Keless basinKeless basin))

General resources General resources Water-based needs Water-based needs

Years Years BAU/BAU/ECHAMECHAM OPT/OPT/ HadCMHadCM22

BAU/BAU/ECHAMECHAM OPT/OPT/ HadCMHadCM22

20062006 79087908 80198019 47784778 49684968

20112011 88418841 94049404 47144714 54045404

20162016 72637263 75407540 47144714 51885188

20212021 66626662 69446944 52995299 52585258

20242024 51545154 58715871 53625362 62706270

Internal challenges Internal challenges Decrease of attention to water as an extremely scarce Decrease of attention to water as an extremely scarce

resource at the level of state governanceresource at the level of state governance;; Decrease in the accuracy of water assessment as a Decrease in the accuracy of water assessment as a

result of which the flowing off losses in the river beds result of which the flowing off losses in the river beds have increased by have increased by 2 2 timestimes!!!!!!

Water infrastructure aging in all the stages of water Water infrastructure aging in all the stages of water hierarchy, thus increasing non-productive losses and hierarchy, thus increasing non-productive losses and decreasing manageabilitydecreasing manageability;;

Low level of investments into reconstruction and Low level of investments into reconstruction and upgradingupgrading;;

Increase of the number of water usersIncrease of the number of water users;; Inadequate financing of exploitation agencies leading Inadequate financing of exploitation agencies leading

to the loss of personnelto the loss of personnel..

2005 Optimistic

1870 м3/per person

1560 м3/per pserson

1430 м3/per person

Sustaining current trends

Pessimistic

2460 м3 per

person

What can be expected in 2030?What can be expected in 2030?

Toktogul water reservoir Toktogul water reservoir performance performance

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12000

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January February March April May June Juny August September October

Mln m3

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м3/сVolume Tributary Release Planned release

Andizhan water reservoir

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January February March April May June July August September October

Mln m3

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м3/сVolume Tributary Release Planned release

Kairakum water reservoir performance

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January February March April May June July August September October

mln.m3

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м3/сVolume Tributary Release Planned release

How to enhance stabilityHow to enhance stability, , sustainability and equitable supplysustainability and equitable supply??

Regional water strategy Regional water strategy New organizational structure New organizational structure Enhancement of the legal basis of Enhancement of the legal basis of

cooperation cooperation Financial instruments Financial instruments Planning mechanism Planning mechanism Administrative mechanisms Administrative mechanisms National programs of effective use National programs of effective use

Regional water strategy Regional water strategy

Parameters of water deficit growthParameters of water deficit growth;; Necessary levels of water savingNecessary levels of water saving;; Levels of achievements of potential land Levels of achievements of potential land

productivityproductivity;; Coordinated environmental requirements Coordinated environmental requirements ;; Introduction of IWRMIntroduction of IWRM..

Existing structure of water management at the recommended level

IFAS Board

RHMC IFAS Executive Committee

ICWC ICWC Energy Central Asian Council

National hydrometeorological services

National

ICWC branches

BWO “Amu Darya

"

BWO “Syr Darya "

ICWC NIC

National Offices under

the Ministry of environmental

resources

National Energy Ministries andsectors

National Ministries of

Finances and Economy

National Water Management organizations

National Governments

Suggested scheme of organization of regional cooperation in ASB.

Intergovernmental Committee on ASB -ICASB

Prime-minister of the countries – participants 2 раза в год Consultative Donor

group

Sub-committees

Hydrometeorological environmental Finances and economy

Joint Secretariat of the Committee with

research-informational Center

1

2 3 4 5

ICWC ASB Managers of water management

ministries (sectors) + sub-committee managers ICASB

BWO "SD"

Basin Counci

l

BWO "SD"

Basin Counci

l

Water –energy consortium

UDC "Energy"

Hydrometeorology group

Environmental group

Finances and

economy group

Energy group

National ICASB offices in each of the countries

Res

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form

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Advantages of new schemeAdvantages of new scheme

Coordination of management of water resources at the Coordination of management of water resources at the level of the Heads of Stateslevel of the Heads of States;;

Regional integration of cross-sector interestsRegional integration of cross-sector interests;; Close link of the national interests and regional Close link of the national interests and regional

organizationsorganizations;; Equal participation of countries in the regional Equal participation of countries in the regional

managementmanagement;; Control over overlappingControl over overlapping, , competitioncompetition, , waste of waste of

resourcesresources;; Inclusion of the problems of quantity and qualityInclusion of the problems of quantity and quality;; Influence of the public on transboundary managementInfluence of the public on transboundary management..

Legal and juridical supply of water strategy is Legal and juridical supply of water strategy is supposed to be created in the form of a supposed to be created in the form of a number of principal provisions and number of principal provisions and agreements, which will clearly regulate agreements, which will clearly regulate both water strategy development and its both water strategy development and its implementationimplementation, , fulfilling functions of those fulfilling functions of those rules and norms, which can be rules and norms, which can be encountered in the water management and encountered in the water management and which have to ensure sustainable conflic which have to ensure sustainable conflic developmentdevelopment..

Inclusion into the sphere of ICWC influence of all Inclusion into the sphere of ICWC influence of all transboundary waters, including underground waterstransboundary waters, including underground waters, , return return waterswaters;;

Clarification of the BWO functions and its structure with due Clarification of the BWO functions and its structure with due regard to the strategy, which is being developed with the regard to the strategy, which is being developed with the aim of wide coverage of every arm of each river by BWOaim of wide coverage of every arm of each river by BWO;;

Rules for the use of joint waters of all typesRules for the use of joint waters of all types;; Legislation and norms related to water quality, limitation of Legislation and norms related to water quality, limitation of

discharges and individual ingredients in the waterdischarges and individual ingredients in the water;; Procedure of training and decision-making of interstate Procedure of training and decision-making of interstate

bodiesbodies;; Procedure of dispute resolutions and arbitrationProcedure of dispute resolutions and arbitration;; Responsibility for the violation of limits, regimes, rules and Responsibility for the violation of limits, regimes, rules and

for water pollution, for the interruptions in the water supply for water pollution, for the interruptions in the water supply to Aralto Aral..

RETARETA Project Project 61636163

Agreement on the informational exchangeAgreement on the informational exchange;; Agreement on the enhancement of the Agreement on the enhancement of the

ICWC statusICWC status;; Agreement on the use of water and energy Agreement on the use of water and energy

resources of the river Syr Daryaresources of the river Syr Darya;; Procedure and rules of river basin Procedure and rules of river basin

managementmanagement..

Financial instruments of Financial instruments of cooperation cooperation

Cost sharing between the countriesCost sharing between the countries;; Economic mechanism of registration of Economic mechanism of registration of

gains and lossesgains and losses;; Water-energy consortiumWater-energy consortium;; Payment for pollutionPayment for pollution..

Comparison of the impact of different regimes and parameters of Rongun waterworks facility on social-economic development indicators for the period of

2005-2055 (mln $/year)

Options Loss of the product of

irrigated farming and related

industries for the year

Annual reduction (-) and increase of

losses (+) with regard to current Nurek regime ang

given the contribution out

of energy generation

Electric power generation in money terms

Total benefits with regard to

current regime of Nurek

Sustaing current regime of Nurek

94,71 - - -

Energy regime 1240

211,3 116,59 162,35 45,76

Energy regime 1240

174,6 79,89 194,71 114,82

Irrigational regime . 1240

59,2 -35,5 159,39 194,89

Irrigational regime отм. 1240

37,85 -56,86 188,41 245,27

Irrigational-energy regime 1240

76,18 18,53 194,84 176,31

Planning mechanism Planning mechanism

ModelsModels;; Unified system of water assessment and Unified system of water assessment and

monitoring river run-offs and underground monitoring river run-offs and underground waterswaters;;

Clarification and control over the losses of Clarification and control over the losses of river take-offs in the river bedsriver take-offs in the river beds;;

Ensuring reliable forecastsEnsuring reliable forecasts;; Strategic planning systemStrategic planning system..

Management mechanisms Management mechanisms CAWater-info CAWater-info WWW CAWATER-INFO.NETWWW CAWATER-INFO.NET

Current and perspective modeling Current and perspective modeling

Interface

Data base

Social and economic model

Planning zone Model

Hydrological model

Model of Aral Sea and Aral Sea territories

Includes elements of management Includes elements of management and decision-making and decision-making

Oriented at a wide variety of users Oriented at a wide variety of users

SCADASCADA

Major advantages of automated control and Major advantages of automated control and management system - management system - SCADA:SCADA:

Increase of the accuracy of measuring levelsIncrease of the accuracy of measuring levels, , use and mineralization use and mineralization of water as well as gate opening of hydrotechnical facilities through of water as well as gate opening of hydrotechnical facilities through the use of state-of-the-art technical devices for measuring and the use of state-of-the-art technical devices for measuring and recording water resources recording water resources ((reduction of water use measurement and reduction of water use measurement and calculation of related errors from calculation of related errors from 5-10% 5-10% toto 2-3%); 2-3%);

Improvement of the informational supply through continuous Improvement of the informational supply through continuous collectioncollection, , storage and processing measurement level values and water storage and processing measurement level values and water use with the help of computer-based softwareuse with the help of computer-based software;;

Brining up efficiency and accuracy of water management through the Brining up efficiency and accuracy of water management through the increase of the speed of their reception and information processing increase of the speed of their reception and information processing pertaining to technological process and decision-makingpertaining to technological process and decision-making;;

Increase of the efficiency of detection and elimination of the breakage Increase of the efficiency of detection and elimination of the breakage of equipment of management systems and hydrotechnical facilitiesof equipment of management systems and hydrotechnical facilities..

Public participation and Councils of Public participation and Councils of Water Users Water Users

ЮФК. Actual water supply. Vegetation

925

844812

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Wat

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2004 2005 2006

Projects and Science. Partnership. Information

Urgench

CIDA

Dushanbe, Khodjent

CIDA

AlmatyUNDP

Osh

SDC

Bishkek

ADB

TC ICWC

Ташкент

Project proposals and scientific

initiatives

Partnership with international community

CAREWIB Project

McGill UN,UNESCO-IHE,BONN UNU, STUTTGART UN,MONPELLYE Un, MC ROYAL COLL,IWMI

IWRM –Ferghana, IWRM in the lowlands, Strategic planning, IWRM in the Aral sea, Dreinage in CA, Water and Education, Riwertwin.

INBO,ICID,ICID,WWC,IWRA,GWPSDC, WB, ADB

CONSULTATIVE SERVICE AND TRAINING OF FARMERS AND AWP.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

CIDA HQ TC

CIDA URGENCH

SDC OSH

TOTAL

Increase of the number of participants