identifying possible next steps for the work of u n e c e · 2015-04-22 · energy efficiency...
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Dr. Burkhard Schulze Darup DENEFF Germany
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS IN BUILDINGS UNECE 20-21 April 2015
Identifying possible next steps for the work of U N E C E
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2 Spirce: Dr. Burkhard Schulze Darup, Architekt
Low energy building
Passivehouse
EnEV
201
4 –
2016
- 20
18
Passivehouse & renewables = Plus energy
Electricity Line loss Hot water Heating
Development of energy efficiency in Germany
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3 Source: Dr. Burkhard Schulze Darup, Architekt
Low energy building
Passivehouse
EnEV
201
4 –
2016
- 20
18
E
PBD
2020
–
near
ly ze
ro e
nerg
y bu
ildin
g - n
ZEB
Development of energy efficiency in Europe
Passivehouse & renewables = Plus energy
Electricity Line loss Hot water Heating
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4
Reference-Standard nZEB (EPBD): U-values
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
CY
GR
ES
IT
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GB
HU
IE
NL
RS
SI
NO
war
m &
war
m-
gem
äßig
tkü
hl-g
emäß
igt
kalt
Dach
Wand
Boden
warm 0,50 W/(m²K)
warm-gemäßigt 0,25 W/(m²K)
0,12 W/(m²K)
0,15 W/(m²K)
Roof Wall Bottom
Passive House Standard
Source: EPISCOPE Synthesis
Report No. 1 IWU, Darmstadt 2015
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
CY
GR
ES
IT
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GB
HU
IE
NL
RS
SI
NO
war
m &
war
m-
gem
äßig
tkü
hl-g
emäß
igt
kalt
Heizwärmebedarf [kWh/(m²a)]
netto (WRG berücksichtigt)
brutto (WRG nicht berücksichtigt)
Die Fehlerindikatoren zeigen die Bandbreiten der Werte für unterschiedliche Beispielgebäude und Varianten.
Passivhausanforderung (überschlägig)
5
Reference-Standard nZEB (EPBD): Heat demand (kWh/(m2y)
Including Heat recovery (ventilation)
Passive House Standard
Source: EPISCOPE Synthesis Report No. 1
IWU, Darmstadt 2015
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Energy efficiency standard for new buildings: EPBD – Nearly zero energy buildings – eZEB = Plus energy standard (Effizienzhaus Plus) basing on ∼ Passivehouse • Top runner system • Open to all techniques • Introduction to the market by support programmes
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 1
6
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Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05
Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Best practice standards
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Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06 Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05 Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Best practice standards
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Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06 Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05 Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Best practice standards
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Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05
Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Aerogel λR = 0,014-0,019 W/(mK)
Vakuum insulation λR = 0,006 - 0,008 W/(mK) Quelle VIP: www.variotec.de
Best practice standards
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Building envelop – development of U-values
[W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05
Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Aerogel λR = 0,014-0,019 W/(mK)
Vakuum insulation λR = 0,006 - 0,008 W/(mK) Quelle VIP: www.variotec.de
Best practice standards
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windows 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050 Ug [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,45 0,4 Uf [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,55 0,5 g-value 60% 50% 52% 55% 55% 58%
Windows – development
Source: Holger Barske
Best practice standards
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windows 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Ug [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,45 0,4
Uf [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,55 0,5
g-value 60% 50% 52% 55% 55% 58%
Windows – development
Vacuum-glazing
Source: PHC Franz Freundorfer
Source: Holger Barske
Best practice standards
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14
Development of investment costs (€ per m² window) Different window-standards
1995: Uw = 1,6 W/(mK) 2005: Uw = 1,3 W/(mK) 2015: Uw = 0,8 W/(mK)
€/m² window
Source: Ecofys / Schulze Darup: Preisentwicklung Gebäudeenergieeffizienz. – Im Auftrag der DENEFF, Berlin 11-2014
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1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050 Heat recovery 65% 80% 85% 90% 92% 95% Elektric Effic. [W/m³] 0,8 0,45 0,4 0,3 0,25 0,22
3 Ventilation with heat recovery
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1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Heat recovery 65% 80% 85% 90% 92% 95%
Elektric Effic. [W/m³] 0,8 0,45 0,4 0,3 0,25 0,22
Ventilation with heat recovery 3
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Building technology - HVACR
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Heating &
Warm water
Washing Drying
Storage
Regulation
Cook. stove Refrid.
Cooling
Dish- washer
TV
HIFI Computer Computer
Solar heat
Radio TV
Regul.
Ventilation Heat
Recovery
Building technology - HVACR Former standards
Telephone
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Washing Cooking
Info- tainment
Facade- and roofintegrated photovoltaics
Info- tainment
Info- tainment
Internal grid – W-LAN
Ventil. Heating
&
Cooling
Storage Internet Smart grid
Building technology - HVACR Innovative standards
IT, Communication, Entertainment, Regulation
Feeding in
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Wall U = 0,14 W/(m²K)
Bottom U = 0,10 W/(m²K)
Windows Uw = 0,85 W/(m²K)
Roof U = 0,11 W/(m²K)
Qualitymanagement: - Airtightness - Thermal bridges - Facility manag.
Ventilation Heat recovery
District heating by Biomass
Photovoltaics Smart Grid
Plus energy standard Multy family building – HOLZ5 Bad Aibling
Quelle: Schulze Darup
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Plus energy standard One family building – Erlangen
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
EnEV
-Sta
ndar
d
Pass
iveh
ouse
Phot
ovol
taic
s
Warm water
Heating
Cooling
Electricity
Photovoltics
kWh/(m²a) Prime energy
EFH Erlangen: Benjamin Wimmer, Arch.Schulze Darup & Partner
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kWh/(m²a) Primärenergie
EFH Erlangen: Benjamin Wimmer, Arch.Schulze Darup & Partner
Plus energy standard One family building – Erlangen
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
EnEV
-Sta
ndar
d
Pass
iveh
ouse
Phot
ovol
taic
s
Warm water
Heating
Cooling
Electricity
Photovoltics
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23
Investment Costs (€) Adjusted for Price (2014 = 100 %)
Source: Ecofys / Schulze Darup: Preisentwicklung Gebäudeenergieeffizienz. – Im Auftrag der DENEFF, Berlin 11-2014
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24
Monthly Costs (€) Adjusted for Price (2014 = 100 %)
Source: Ecofys / Schulze Darup: Preisentwicklung Gebäudeenergieeffizienz. – Im Auftrag der DENEFF, Berlin 11-2014
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Top-runner-system: getting best practice to mainstream • Promotion programes for market integration • Involving partners from industry • Public investors for market implementation of high efficiency Benefits beyond Cost-Optimality: • High comfort • Healthiness • Indoor air-quality etc.
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 2
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Multy family building (1520 / 2010)
Pfeifergasse 9, Nürnberg
211
65 38 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEV
WW
Heizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
before concept 1 concept 2 qP (EnEV)
Source: Alexandra Fritsch, Fritsch & Knodt + Klug, Nuremberg
qp (EnEV)
Hot water
Heating
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189
38 26 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEV
WW
Heizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
Bestand Heritage-vers. Energet. opt. qP (EnEV)
Source: Seeberger / Schulze Darup, Erlangen 2006
qp (EnEV)
Hot water
Heating
Three family building (1780)
Erlangen
Var. 1: Heritage version - insulation inside Var. 2: Energet. optimized - insulation outside
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213
45 32
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350QP nach EnEVWW solarWWHeizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
before concept 1 concept 2 qP (EnEV)
qp (EnEV)
Solar thermal
Hot water
Heating
Multy family building (1876 / 2000)
Mathildenstraße, Fürth
Source: Schulze Darup
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285
29 27
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEVWW solarWWHeizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
before concept measured qP (EnEV)
qp (EnEV)
Solar thermal
Hot water
Heating
One family building (1958 / 2011)
Nuremberg
Source: Wimmer - Schulze Darup & Partners
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207
26 24 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEV
WW
Heizwärme
kWh/(m²y) qp (EnEV)
Hot water
Heating
before concept measured qP (EnEV)
Multy family building (1964 / 2006)
Bernadottestraße 42 - 48, Nuremberg
Source: Schulze Darup / wbg Nuremberg
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Realschule Feuchtwangen – Plus energy balance
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Arch- & Energyconcept Schulze Darup & Partner
100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Electricity
IT-Systems
Cooling
Lightening
Warm Water
Heating
Townhall Herzogenaurach – Plus energy balance
kWh/(m²y)
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Monastry Plankstetten Energetic modernisation with plusenergy-technolgy
Source: Mirco Humbert Energy concept: Schulze Darup & Partner
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Energy concept: Schulze Darup & Partner
Monastry Plankstetten Energetic modernisation with plusenergy-technolgy
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Monastry Plankstetten Energetic modernisation with plusenergy-technolgy
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-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
before after Renewables
RenewablesElectricityIT-SystemsCoolingLighteningWarm WaterHeating
kWh/(m²y) Prime Energy
Monastry Plankstetten
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Energy efficiency standard for the building stock: Building restauration plan: action plan depending on the using periods of the building / constructions → IMPORTANT: top runner quality for all new and modernised
constructions → Sustainable and durable constructions → Minimating embodied energy
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 3
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Wohnpark Strubergasse Salzburg (1949 bis 1958) Modernisation of 500 apartments
Quelle: Google Maps
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Öffentliches Grün Spielplatz Treffpunkte
Mieter- Gärten Balkons
kWh/a
Wohnpark Strubergasse Salzburg (1949 bis 1958) Modernisation of 500 apartments
4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Eletricity
Hot Water
Heating
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kWh/a
Quartier 1949 bis 1958 – Wohnpark Strubergasse Salzburg Nahwärmesystem / Plusenergiebilanz
4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Eletricity
Hot Water
Heating
kWh/a
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Source: Schulze Darup / wbg Nürnberg
Parkwohnanlage Nuremberg-West (1959 bis 1968) Modernisation of 1030 apartments – Heritage-ensemble
-5000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Eletricity
Hot Water
Heating
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42 SCHULZE DARUP: ENERGIEEFFIZIENZSTRATEGIE ERLANGEN 2050. – STUDIE IM AUFTRAG DER STADT ERLANGEN 2014
Erlangen – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 (100.000 inhabitants)
How to get climate neutrality in the building stock?
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43
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,00020
14
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
2036
2038
2040
2042
2044
2046
2048
2050
VerkehrStrom GHD - IndustrieWW-Prozessw. GHD - Ind.Heizen GHD - IndustrieStrom WohngebäudeWarmwasser WohngebäudeHeizen Wohngebäude
MWh/a
Substitution of the fossile energies by renewables Traffic Electricity Comm.&Industry Hot Water Comm.&Industry Heating Commerce&Industr. Electricity Residential Build. Hot Water Residential Build. Heating Residential Buildings
Renewable Energies
Erlangen – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 (100.000 inhabitants)
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44 Source: EAN und Schulze Darup & Partner Nürnberg i. A. der Stadt Nürnberg
Nuremberg – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 500.000 inhabitants
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GWh/a
Efficiency
Renewables
Fossiles
Nuremberg – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 Optimizing: Efficiency – Renewables - Fossiles
Quelle: Schulze Darup
55-60 %
30-35 %
10-15 %
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Beginning NOW! – strategies for the next 5 years and next 50 years
Best practice projects in all countries (cost-optimated)
Communication between the partners
Share of knowledge
Research for Top runner components
Market implementation programes Marketing for efficiency Connecting culture & climate protection
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 4
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Energy efficiency standard for new buildings: EPBD – Nearly zero emission buildings = Plus energy standard (Effizienzhaus Plus) basing on ∼ Passivehouse • Top runner system • Open to all techniques • Introduction to the market by support programmes
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 1
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Top-runner-system: getting best practice to mainstream • Promotion programes for market integration • Involving partners from industry • Public investors for market implementation of high efficiency Benefits beyond Cost-Optimality: • High comfort • Healthiness • Indoor air-quality etc.
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 2
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Energy efficiency standard for the building stock: Building restauration plan: action plan depending on the using periods of the building / constructions → IMPORTANT: top runner quality for all new and modernised
constructions → Sustainable and durable constructions → Minimating embodied energy
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 3
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Beginning NOW! – strategies for the next 5 years and next 50 years
Best practice projects in all countries (cost-optimated)
Communication between the partners
Share of knowledge
Research for Top runner components
Market implementation programes Marketing for efficiency Connecting culture & climate protection
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 4
52