identifying possible next steps for the work of u n e c e · 2015-04-22 · energy efficiency...
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Burkhard Schulze Darup DENEFF Germany
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS IN BUILDINGS UNECE 20-21 April 2015
Identifying possible next steps for the work of U N E C E
2 Spirce: Dr. Burkhard Schulze Darup, Architekt
Low energy building
Passivehouse
EnEV
201
4 –
2016
- 20
18
Passivehouse & renewables = Plus energy
Electricity Line loss Hot water Heating
Development of energy efficiency in Germany
3 Source: Dr. Burkhard Schulze Darup, Architekt
Low energy building
Passivehouse
EnEV
201
4 –
2016
- 20
18
E
PBD
2020
–
near
ly ze
ro e
nerg
y bu
ildin
g - n
ZEB
Development of energy efficiency in Europe
Passivehouse & renewables = Plus energy
Electricity Line loss Hot water Heating
4
Reference-Standard nZEB (EPBD): U-values
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
CY
GR
ES
IT
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GB
HU
IE
NL
RS
SI
NO
war
m &
war
m-
gem
äßig
tkü
hl-g
emäß
igt
kalt
Dach
Wand
Boden
warm 0,50 W/(m²K)
warm-gemäßigt 0,25 W/(m²K)
0,12 W/(m²K)
0,15 W/(m²K)
Roof Wall Bottom
Passive House Standard
Source: EPISCOPE Synthesis
Report No. 1 IWU, Darmstadt 2015
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
CY
GR
ES
IT
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GB
HU
IE
NL
RS
SI
NO
war
m &
war
m-
gem
äßig
tkü
hl-g
emäß
igt
kalt
Heizwärmebedarf [kWh/(m²a)]
netto (WRG berücksichtigt)
brutto (WRG nicht berücksichtigt)
Die Fehlerindikatoren zeigen die Bandbreiten der Werte für unterschiedliche Beispielgebäude und Varianten.
Passivhausanforderung (überschlägig)
5
Reference-Standard nZEB (EPBD): Heat demand (kWh/(m2y)
Including Heat recovery (ventilation)
Passive House Standard
Source: EPISCOPE Synthesis Report No. 1
IWU, Darmstadt 2015
Energy efficiency standard for new buildings: EPBD – Nearly zero energy buildings – eZEB = Plus energy standard (Effizienzhaus Plus) basing on ∼ Passivehouse • Top runner system • Open to all techniques • Introduction to the market by support programmes
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 1
6
Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05
Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Best practice standards
Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06 Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05 Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Best practice standards
Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06 Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05 Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Best practice standards
Building envelop – development of U-values 3 [W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05
Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Aerogel λR = 0,014-0,019 W/(mK)
Vakuum insulation λR = 0,006 - 0,008 W/(mK) Quelle VIP: www.variotec.de
Best practice standards
Building envelop – development of U-values
[W/(m²K)] 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Wall 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Roof 0,2 0,14 0,1 0,08 0,06 0,05
Bottom 0,24 0,16 0,12 0,1 0,08 0,06
Aerogel λR = 0,014-0,019 W/(mK)
Vakuum insulation λR = 0,006 - 0,008 W/(mK) Quelle VIP: www.variotec.de
Best practice standards
windows 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050 Ug [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,45 0,4 Uf [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,55 0,5 g-value 60% 50% 52% 55% 55% 58%
Windows – development
Source: Holger Barske
Best practice standards
windows 1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Ug [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,45 0,4
Uf [W/(m²K)] 1,8 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,55 0,5
g-value 60% 50% 52% 55% 55% 58%
Windows – development
Vacuum-glazing
Source: PHC Franz Freundorfer
Source: Holger Barske
Best practice standards
14
Development of investment costs (€ per m² window) Different window-standards
1995: Uw = 1,6 W/(mK) 2005: Uw = 1,3 W/(mK) 2015: Uw = 0,8 W/(mK)
€/m² window
Source: Ecofys / Schulze Darup: Preisentwicklung Gebäudeenergieeffizienz. – Im Auftrag der DENEFF, Berlin 11-2014
1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050 Heat recovery 65% 80% 85% 90% 92% 95% Elektric Effic. [W/m³] 0,8 0,45 0,4 0,3 0,25 0,22
3 Ventilation with heat recovery
1980 1995 2010 2020 2030 2050
Heat recovery 65% 80% 85% 90% 92% 95%
Elektric Effic. [W/m³] 0,8 0,45 0,4 0,3 0,25 0,22
Ventilation with heat recovery 3
Building technology - HVACR
Heating &
Warm water
Washing Drying
Storage
Regulation
Cook. stove Refrid.
Cooling
Dish- washer
TV
HIFI Computer Computer
Solar heat
Radio TV
Regul.
Ventilation Heat
Recovery
Building technology - HVACR Former standards
Telephone
Washing Cooking
Info- tainment
Facade- and roofintegrated photovoltaics
Info- tainment
Info- tainment
Internal grid – W-LAN
Ventil. Heating
&
Cooling
Storage Internet Smart grid
Building technology - HVACR Innovative standards
IT, Communication, Entertainment, Regulation
Feeding in
Wall U = 0,14 W/(m²K)
Bottom U = 0,10 W/(m²K)
Windows Uw = 0,85 W/(m²K)
Roof U = 0,11 W/(m²K)
Qualitymanagement: - Airtightness - Thermal bridges - Facility manag.
Ventilation Heat recovery
District heating by Biomass
Photovoltaics Smart Grid
Plus energy standard Multy family building – HOLZ5 Bad Aibling
Quelle: Schulze Darup
Plus energy standard One family building – Erlangen
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
EnEV
-Sta
ndar
d
Pass
iveh
ouse
Phot
ovol
taic
s
Warm water
Heating
Cooling
Electricity
Photovoltics
kWh/(m²a) Prime energy
EFH Erlangen: Benjamin Wimmer, Arch.Schulze Darup & Partner
kWh/(m²a) Primärenergie
EFH Erlangen: Benjamin Wimmer, Arch.Schulze Darup & Partner
Plus energy standard One family building – Erlangen
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
EnEV
-Sta
ndar
d
Pass
iveh
ouse
Phot
ovol
taic
s
Warm water
Heating
Cooling
Electricity
Photovoltics
23
Investment Costs (€) Adjusted for Price (2014 = 100 %)
Source: Ecofys / Schulze Darup: Preisentwicklung Gebäudeenergieeffizienz. – Im Auftrag der DENEFF, Berlin 11-2014
24
Monthly Costs (€) Adjusted for Price (2014 = 100 %)
Source: Ecofys / Schulze Darup: Preisentwicklung Gebäudeenergieeffizienz. – Im Auftrag der DENEFF, Berlin 11-2014
Top-runner-system: getting best practice to mainstream • Promotion programes for market integration • Involving partners from industry • Public investors for market implementation of high efficiency Benefits beyond Cost-Optimality: • High comfort • Healthiness • Indoor air-quality etc.
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 2
25
Multy family building (1520 / 2010)
Pfeifergasse 9, Nürnberg
211
65 38 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEV
WW
Heizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
before concept 1 concept 2 qP (EnEV)
Source: Alexandra Fritsch, Fritsch & Knodt + Klug, Nuremberg
qp (EnEV)
Hot water
Heating
189
38 26 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEV
WW
Heizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
Bestand Heritage-vers. Energet. opt. qP (EnEV)
Source: Seeberger / Schulze Darup, Erlangen 2006
qp (EnEV)
Hot water
Heating
Three family building (1780)
Erlangen
Var. 1: Heritage version - insulation inside Var. 2: Energet. optimized - insulation outside
213
45 32
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350QP nach EnEVWW solarWWHeizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
before concept 1 concept 2 qP (EnEV)
qp (EnEV)
Solar thermal
Hot water
Heating
Multy family building (1876 / 2000)
Mathildenstraße, Fürth
Source: Schulze Darup
285
29 27
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEVWW solarWWHeizwärme
kWh/(m²y)
before concept measured qP (EnEV)
qp (EnEV)
Solar thermal
Hot water
Heating
One family building (1958 / 2011)
Nuremberg
Source: Wimmer - Schulze Darup & Partners
207
26 24 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Bestand EnEV
QP nach EnEV
WW
Heizwärme
kWh/(m²y) qp (EnEV)
Hot water
Heating
before concept measured qP (EnEV)
Multy family building (1964 / 2006)
Bernadottestraße 42 - 48, Nuremberg
Source: Schulze Darup / wbg Nuremberg
Realschule Feuchtwangen – Plus energy balance
Arch- & Energyconcept Schulze Darup & Partner
100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Electricity
IT-Systems
Cooling
Lightening
Warm Water
Heating
Townhall Herzogenaurach – Plus energy balance
kWh/(m²y)
Monastry Plankstetten Energetic modernisation with plusenergy-technolgy
Source: Mirco Humbert Energy concept: Schulze Darup & Partner
Energy concept: Schulze Darup & Partner
Monastry Plankstetten Energetic modernisation with plusenergy-technolgy
Monastry Plankstetten Energetic modernisation with plusenergy-technolgy
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
before after Renewables
RenewablesElectricityIT-SystemsCoolingLighteningWarm WaterHeating
kWh/(m²y) Prime Energy
Monastry Plankstetten
Energy efficiency standard for the building stock: Building restauration plan: action plan depending on the using periods of the building / constructions → IMPORTANT: top runner quality for all new and modernised
constructions → Sustainable and durable constructions → Minimating embodied energy
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 3
37
Wohnpark Strubergasse Salzburg (1949 bis 1958) Modernisation of 500 apartments
Quelle: Google Maps
Öffentliches Grün Spielplatz Treffpunkte
Mieter- Gärten Balkons
kWh/a
Wohnpark Strubergasse Salzburg (1949 bis 1958) Modernisation of 500 apartments
4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Eletricity
Hot Water
Heating
kWh/a
Quartier 1949 bis 1958 – Wohnpark Strubergasse Salzburg Nahwärmesystem / Plusenergiebilanz
4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Eletricity
Hot Water
Heating
kWh/a
Source: Schulze Darup / wbg Nürnberg
Parkwohnanlage Nuremberg-West (1959 bis 1968) Modernisation of 1030 apartments – Heritage-ensemble
-5000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
before after PV
Photovoltaics
Eletricity
Hot Water
Heating
42 SCHULZE DARUP: ENERGIEEFFIZIENZSTRATEGIE ERLANGEN 2050. – STUDIE IM AUFTRAG DER STADT ERLANGEN 2014
Erlangen – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 (100.000 inhabitants)
How to get climate neutrality in the building stock?
43
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,00020
14
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
2036
2038
2040
2042
2044
2046
2048
2050
VerkehrStrom GHD - IndustrieWW-Prozessw. GHD - Ind.Heizen GHD - IndustrieStrom WohngebäudeWarmwasser WohngebäudeHeizen Wohngebäude
MWh/a
Substitution of the fossile energies by renewables Traffic Electricity Comm.&Industry Hot Water Comm.&Industry Heating Commerce&Industr. Electricity Residential Build. Hot Water Residential Build. Heating Residential Buildings
Renewable Energies
Erlangen – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 (100.000 inhabitants)
44 Source: EAN und Schulze Darup & Partner Nürnberg i. A. der Stadt Nürnberg
Nuremberg – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 500.000 inhabitants
GWh/a
Efficiency
Renewables
Fossiles
Nuremberg – Energy efficiency strategy 2050 Optimizing: Efficiency – Renewables - Fossiles
Quelle: Schulze Darup
55-60 %
30-35 %
10-15 %
Beginning NOW! – strategies for the next 5 years and next 50 years
Best practice projects in all countries (cost-optimated)
Communication between the partners
Share of knowledge
Research for Top runner components
Market implementation programes Marketing for efficiency Connecting culture & climate protection
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 4
46
Energy efficiency standard for new buildings: EPBD – Nearly zero emission buildings = Plus energy standard (Effizienzhaus Plus) basing on ∼ Passivehouse • Top runner system • Open to all techniques • Introduction to the market by support programmes
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 1
49
Top-runner-system: getting best practice to mainstream • Promotion programes for market integration • Involving partners from industry • Public investors for market implementation of high efficiency Benefits beyond Cost-Optimality: • High comfort • Healthiness • Indoor air-quality etc.
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 2
50
Energy efficiency standard for the building stock: Building restauration plan: action plan depending on the using periods of the building / constructions → IMPORTANT: top runner quality for all new and modernised
constructions → Sustainable and durable constructions → Minimating embodied energy
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 3
51
Beginning NOW! – strategies for the next 5 years and next 50 years
Best practice projects in all countries (cost-optimated)
Communication between the partners
Share of knowledge
Research for Top runner components
Market implementation programes Marketing for efficiency Connecting culture & climate protection
Possible next steps for the work of UNECE - 4
52