iiiiiiivv a balancing act chemical reactions. chemical reactions take place… n every minute of...
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I II III IV V
A Balancing Act
Chemical Reactions
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Chemical Reactions Take Place…
Every minute of every day both in and around you
Examples: Digestion Photosynthesis Car batteries-to start your car Rust
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Reactions:
One or more substances, the ___________ change into one or more new substances, the __________. It is written as:
-Reactants → Products The arrow means
- “yields” or “reacts to produce”
reactants
products
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Explanation:
An explanation was proposed by _____________ who stated in his atomic theory that in a chemical reaction, the way in which atoms are joined together are changed.
As reactants are converted to new products, __________that hold atoms together are __________ and new ones are formed.
Dalton
bonds
broken
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Explanation:
Daltons atomic theory explains the ____________________________. Which States:
- In any physical or chemical change mass is neither created nor destroyed.
-The atoms in the products are the same atoms that were in the reactants, they are just arranged differently.
Law of Conservation of Mass
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Explanation/Practice: In a word equation, reactants are written
on the ___________ and products are written on the ________.
Write the equation for… Copper can be produced by heating
copper (II) sulfide with oxygen. Sulfur dioxide is also produced.
Water is formed by the explosive reaction between hydrogen and oxygen
leftright
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Answers
Copper(II)sulfide + Oxygen → Copper + Sulfer dioxide
Hydrogen + Oxygen → Water (Dihydrogen monoxide)
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Meaning of Chemical Formula
Chemical Symbol Meaning Composition
H2O One molecule of water:
Two H atoms and one O atom
2 H2O Two molecules of water:
Four H atoms and two O atoms
H2O2 One moleculeof hydrogenperoxide:
Two H atoms and two O atoms
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Meaning of Chemical Formula When a __________ is written after
the chemical symbol for an element it indicates the___________________.
When a coefficient is written in front of an atom or molecule it indicates the ____________ of that atom or molecule that is present.
If there are subscripts in that atom/molecule they need to be ____________ by the coefficient.
subscript
number
multiplied
# of that element
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Reactants Products
UnbalancedTimberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 164
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Unbalanced and Balanced Equations
Cl
ClClCl
ClCl
ClH
H
H
HHH
H
H2 + Cl2 HCl (unbalanced) H2 + Cl2 2 HCl (balanced)
2 12 1 2 2
reactants products reactants products
2 2H
Cl
H
Cl
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 167
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How do we go from Unbalanced to Balanced Equations? You ____________ change the
formula of your atom/ion/molecule! This means you may not change the
___________ ! Instead, you may put a coefficient
__________ of your atom/ion/molecule to balance the number of atoms after you have ___________ it by the subscript
MAY NOT
subscript
in front
multiplied
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CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O
Reactants Products 1 C atom 1 C atom 4 H atoms 4 H atoms 4 O atoms 4 O atoms
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 167
Balanced!
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Balancing Steps
1. Write the unbalanced equation.
2. Count atoms on each side.
3. Add coefficients as needed to make #s equal on both sides of the
equation.
Coefficient subscript = # of atoms
4. Reduce coefficients to lowest possible ratio, if necessary.
5. Double check atom balance!!!
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Helpful Tips
Balance one element at a time. Update ALL atom counts after adding
a coefficient. If an element appears more than
once per side, balance it last. Balance polyatomic ions as single
units. “1 SO4” instead of “1 S” and “4 O”
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Al + CuCl2 Cu + AlCl3
Al
Cu
Cl
1 1
1 1
2 3
2
3
6
3
33 2
Balancing Example
Aluminum and copper(II) chloride react to form copper and aluminum chloride.
2
2
6
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More Examples…
P + O2 → P4O10
H2 + O2 → H2O
BaCl2 + H2SO4→ BaSO4 + HCl
Cu + AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + Ag
CaCO3 + HCl → CaCl2 + H2CO3
4 5
2 2 2
2
2 2
2