III.III. NapoleonNapoleon’’s Empires Empire

A.A. Napoleon had began to build Napoleon had began to build an an empire in Europe, but had empire in Europe, but had been been unable to conquer Britain.unable to conquer Britain.

B.B. Napoleon tried to create a Napoleon tried to create a Grand Empire consisting of three Grand Empire consisting of three

parts.parts.

11stst part – French Empire part – French Empire

22ndnd part – Dependent states: part – Dependent states: NapoleonNapoleon’’s s relatives ruled (controlled relatives ruled (controlled by Napoleon)by Napoleon)

33rdrd part –Continental System: Allies part –Continental System: Allies of of FranceFrance

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The Napoléonic EraPuppet Rulers

Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte, King of Naples and Sicily,

King of Spain BROTHER

Jérôme –Napoléon Bonaparte,

King of WestphaliaBROTHER

Louis Napoléon Bonaparte ,King of Holland

NEPHEW

Elisa Bonaparte,Grand Duchess of Tuscany SISTER

C.C. FranceFrance’’s oppression in the s oppression in the dependent dependent countries allowed for countries allowed for nationalism to nationalism to grow in those grow in those countries.countries.

Nationalism is the Nationalism is the

cultural identity of cultural identity of

people based on people based on

common language, common language,

religion, and nationalreligion, and national

symbols (love of one’s country).symbols (love of one’s country).

D.D. Nationalism caused people to Nationalism caused people to begin begin to think of their country and to think of their country and idealsideals

as things worth fighting for …as things worth fighting for …

Napoleon tried to use the Napoleon tried to use the Continental System to defeat Continental System to defeat

Britain.Britain.

The Continental System was The Continental System was suppose suppose to block all goods coming to block all goods coming out of out of Britain.Britain.

Russia resented being told that Russia resented being told that they they could not buy British goods. could not buy British goods. Czar Czar Alexander I began trading Alexander I began trading with with Britain.Britain.

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Napoléon’sContinentalSystem

BlockadeGreatBritainand stopits trade

IV.IV. The Fall of NapoleonThe Fall of Napoleon

A.A. In 1812 FranceIn 1812 France’’s Army of over s Army of over 600,000 entered Russia. 600,000 entered Russia.

Napoleon Napoleon needed to score a needed to score a quick victory.quick victory.

The Russians would not fight. The Russians would not fight. As the As the Russians retreated they Russians retreated they practiced a practiced a scorched-earth scorched-earth policy, burning policy, burning houses and houses and crops.crops.

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The Napoléonic Era

Napoleon reaches Moscow,but finds the city burning.

With no housing and winter coming, Napoleon and histroops head home.

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Retreat from Russia …

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The Napoléonic Era

Estimates vary . . . Approximately 27,000 fit soldiers would make it back to France.

B.B. Other European nations rose Other European nations rose up to attack the crippled up to attack the crippled

French army.French army.

Paris, France was captured Paris, France was captured in in 1814 and Napoleon was 1814 and Napoleon was exiled to exiled to the island of Elba.the island of Elba.

Louis XVIII restored the Louis XVIII restored the monarchy monarchy of France.of France.

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C.C. The king had little support. The king had little support. Napoleon escapes Elba. Napoleon escapes Elba.

Napoleon entered Paris in Napoleon entered Paris in triumph on triumph on March 20, 1815.March 20, 1815.

The French troops were The French troops were pleased to pleased to see their former see their former emperor.emperor.

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The Napoléonic Era

The 100 Days

D.D. Great Britain and Napoleon Great Britain and Napoleon would would fight again.fight again.

At Waterloo, Belgium in 1815, At Waterloo, Belgium in 1815, Napoleon was defeated by a Napoleon was defeated by a combined British and Prussian combined British and Prussian army army headed by the Duke of headed by the Duke of Wellington.Wellington.

The European powers exiled The European powers exiled Napoleon to St. Helena Island, Napoleon to St. Helena Island, NapoleonNapoleon’’s power ended.s power ended.

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Exiled to St. Helena

In 1821 Napoleon diedthere and was buriedon the island.

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The Napoléonic Era

His remains were returned toFrance in 1840 where he reststoday.