ij.!il!!j!il · pdf file · 2010-02-05forms and uses of the simple present ... then...
TRANSCRIPT
Forms and Uses of the Simple Present Tense
SUBJECT BASE FORM COMPLEMENT SUBJECT -5 FORM COMPLEMENT
I He
You She
We need water. It needs water.
They A plant
Trees A person
EXAMPLE USE
Cats like mille With general truths
Japanese people bow whenthey;ih~~~. WIth customs <,'" h: " ,
•. '.'",~:' .. ~. ,';, ':,:', ,\' . ;,- t~<""" ,,' ':./ ;',::?{:~"J.-, ~:"?;'(,~:L>~~,':::~~i;::l , w ,t·"' ,,-, " 0, ',;,;<:;y
: Wetakea\Tacation every suitl1ri;:ir;; .,,\;,: To show regUlarot repeated actions'orh{l.p~~;t ".,[ IBecomes from Iraq. ,'To showplaces of origin
);~\" -,.:,r~:' ~/~':"";:';A~. ;:r,. '.-.' ,-,'I:;'
.LANGUAG'E NOT.):::. c
:f~~~veib;have anitI~gt~ .
, " ,
IJ.!Il!!J!Il Write the correct verb in each of the sentences below. , Example: George and Mary (need / needs) n_e_e_d a new house.
1. Carlos (like /likes) ice cream.
2. Tomoko (want/wants) anew bicycle.
3. Many people (think / thinks) it's good.
4. I (hate / hates) parties.
5. They (go / goes) to school on Saturdays.
6. Julia (come / comes) from England.
7. Birds (fly /flies) in the sky.
8. New York (have / has) many tall buildings.
9. He (write / writes) novels.
10, My family (watch / watches) a lot of Tv.
11. You (does / do) your homework every night.
12. I (go / goes) to exercise after schooL
13, Sherrie (eat! eats) lunch before our class.
] 4. We (laugh I laughs) at her jokes,
15. They (visit/visits) their family in Morocco,
16. Jane and Sandra (wants /want) to travel a lot.
20 Practice 9
~ Read each sentence below, and label it truth, custom, habit, or origin.
Example: I bite my fingernails. hal.7ft
I. Marilyn comes from New Zealand.
2. Japan has many temples.
3. He eats his bread with butter.
4. French people go on vacation in August.
5. Noodles come from China.
6. Food costs money. _
7. I go to the movies on weekends.
8. They play tennis together.
9. My teacher speaks English.
10. I come from Peru.
~:~~J~:s~orrect form of the verb. Then finish the sentence vvith your
Example: He (like) likes our English class
1. I (live) _
2. My family (live) _
3. I (study) _
4. My school (have) _
5. My teacher (speak) _
6. The students in my class (do) _
7. Our classroom (have) _
8. I (read) _
9. My friend (read) _
10. I (like) _
11. My friend (want) _
12. Myfamily(go) _
Practice 9 21
Negative Statements with the Simple Present Tense
EXAMPLE EXPLANATION
Sara liv!')sin Washington. Use t;loesn't + the base form withhe,sM, it, ora si.qglilar. noun. .
Sara doesn't live in Chicago.
Shed(jesn't live in San Francisco.
Hetpare~ts live ill Chicago; .
Ret p.~eritsdon;t; live inWashington.
They don.) live ill San Francisco.
Fill in the blanks with the negative form of the underlined verb.Xl I E
Example: My cousin Danielle lives in London.
She doesn't; live in San Francisco.
1. My cousin Danielle comes from England. She from the United States.
2. She lives alone in London. She Vv'ith her parents.
3. Her parents live in Hastings. They in London. I !4. She works in London. She in New York.
I .11
5. She has a lot of work. She much free time.
6. Danielle likes classical music. She popular mu"ic as much. 1 I·I, j:~
I. On weekends, Danielle to concerts. She to discos.
8. Danielle works as a teacher. She as a secretary.
!:1. She eat::; a lot of vegetables. She meat.
10 She colorful clothes. She black clothes.
II!BA Re'Wl'ite the sentence using the affirmative form of the underlined verb.
IExample: J d2_~0':now how to speak French. (She) She knows how-to speak French
11. You don't work every day. (I) )
! I dc·n't understand English welL (You) 1
~i He doesn't play basketball. (She)
4. ShE' doesn't rid!' a motorcycle. (They)
22 Practice 10
5 We dO~'~Iead at night. (She)
6. You don't like vegetables. (l) ._.~~_.~_.__._.~_.~,~_._~,~~
7. They don't seeITl happy. (He)
8. She doesn't write e-mails to us. (You) . ~._._-
9. It doesn't work well. (IRe) --~._--
10. I don't add correctly, (It) _
Tell ifyour hometown has or doesn't have the following features. . £ReiSE 3
Example: (a library) My hometown doesn't; have a library.
I. (a mQ'vie theater) My hometown _
2, (a farm) My hometown _
3. (a university) My hometown _~ _
4. (a museum) Myhometown _
5 (clean air) My hometown
6. (tall bUildings) My hometown _
\Vrite affirmative or negative true statements about yourself.Xl Clst.
Example: (speak French) I don't speak French. --------,-,~~
I. (like sports)
2. (have a dog)
a. (eat breakfast every day) _~.~~
4. (have a bicycle)
5. (like hot weather) _~~. , _
6. (speak Russian)
7. (have ajob) . _ ---'---"-'-~'-'---'-'----'--------'
8. (go to discos)
9. (draw pictures) __~ ._.~_._.,
10. (watch TV every night) '-"'-'--
11. (stay up until midnight) ~ __._. ._..__.
12. (call my family every week) . . .__ ~~__
Practice 10 23
Yes I No Questions and Short Answers with the Simple Present Tense
EX~MPLE EXPLANATION
DO;8;S~li~e in Washiriiiton? We use do or does to fonna yes! no Q,u~stion. "" . Ws, ""$h~dQe~. We always use the base form after doQtdOe$~.X
h '-,C,,': ~':"_" ,,~i~ "> . , ,.::; 'i:-\., ,,"_: ;,.>-~~~ "';<'
We canans-wer with ashort anSwer?:;' ,r'" ..... ..D(i!i~!~~ntslivem'\yashington? , ,.", ,
Noj"WeY-'don't.' '. ..
VERB CQMPLEMENT -< ~- ,~""
Visit the White Iioilse." , . ,'. j,,;t!.fJ·\:'i)!~~ '" '"
~it the pI;€sldent's privat(; roqms?'N~;:ili~~'~i~ii;ti;;;~;~;( $:th,eWhit~' Ho~~. . 'L,~;:t¥,~;;;~..~?,~;; ~ .."
,~~'.: ." .:- --' " •.>;.'~ ,
Read each statement. Then write a yes / no question using that statement. Change the subject to a pronoun.
Examples: Joseph has a notebook. Does he have a notebook?
We enjoy music. Do we enjoymusic:.:..? _
1. My mother reads the newspaper every day.
---------------""" --""----------------
2. We study English grammar.
------_.'--""-
3. The teacher gives us homework.
--""-"--------------- ._--"""
4_ The school has classrooms.
__,,_m_'__' __""""__, _
5. You drink water at break time.
---""-"""---""--
6. The man speaks English at his job.
24 Practice 11
=
7. The students use cell phones at break time.
.._._--.._-------~._--~----
8. The director orders new books for the school.
Write answers to the questions below. ~£ eSE,
Example: Do you live in Turkey?
1. Do you like English?
2. Do you have a pet?
3. Does your mother work?
4. Do you eat breakfast every day?
5. Do you live 'With your parents?
6. Do you like fish?
7. Do you eat meat?
8, Does your school have computers?
I don't.or
Two friends are comparing jobs. Fill in the blanks to complete this.I.XER E . conversation.
Example: Do you __. ._.-:...:=::.-__..~_ at work?
A: Do you (1) your new job?
B: No, (2) ._.... . I have a very strict boss. I'm always busy.
A: (3) take breaks?
B: No, (4) . I take only a lunch break. Also, I have to work on
Saturdays. (5).. on Saturdays?
A: No, never! I work only on weekdays.
B: (6) ~ . you _ after five o'clock?
A: Yes, (7) . .. . I work late every day. Do you work late?
B: No, (8) . . I like to go home at five o'clock.
Practice 11 25
Comparing Yes I 1-/0 Questions with Be and Other Verbs
Are you lost? No, I'm not. Am I fight? Yes, you are.
Do you need help? No, I don't. , ' ,
Do I have the right answer? Yes, you do.
Are they from H~iti?Yes, they are. Is the teacher British? No, he isn't.
Do~hey.speakF'rench? Yes, they do. Doe.s he have an accent? No, he doesn't.
.LAN(";J.AGENOTE:. . '. , .. . . Use be in s):lort answers when the question contains be. Use do'or does in short aitSwers ~th all other pr~sent tens!! verbs~' " '
Write a positive and a negative short answer for each question.1 I,ReISE .
I 'Examples: Do you study a lot? ,elO, I don't;.
Are you busy tonight? lam I'm not;,
1. Do you like pizza for dinner?
2. Do we leave at. eight. o'clock?
3. Do they know their neighbor?
4. Does she work at the library?
5. Do I likE: all of my friends?
6. Are you content at this school? ______ .m _7. Are we correct in our answer?
8. Are they together at. the cafe?
9. Is he from Mexico?
10. Is she an engineer?
11. Is the pen in the notebook?
12. ,Am I worried about the test?
All of these are questions. Put the words in the correct order. End eachEX lS£.2 question with a question mark (?).
Example: Australians I English I speaK / do .i::D~(o~~A,,:,,!::.u·::sit~ra"!..I'!i.ja".ln2§s32~~~'2~::"'m_....__. .
1. Russia I a big country I is
2. Mexicans j Spanish / speak I do
3. do I know I you I college math
4. the Earth I very large I is ,._---_._---- --"), your [riendo: / does / \1811. / she
26 Practice 12
...~
XE CIS Read each statement. Then write a yes I no question about the words in parentheses ( ). Write or finish the short answer.
Example: China is a big country.
(England) Is England a big country?
Answer: it isn't.
l. Indonesia is a warm country.
(Iceland) _~_m~_··
Answer:
2. French people eat a lot of cheese.
(Japanese people)
Answer:
3. Trains in Tokyo run on time.
(trains in your city)
Answer:
4. Mexican food is spicy.
(Korean food)
Answer:
5. Brazilians speak Portuguese.
(Argentineans)
Answtn":
6. Soccer is popular in Japan,
(baseball)
Answer:
7. You study grammar.
(history) .. .._.~.-_
Answer:
Practice 12 27
WH DO / DOES WORD DON'T / DOESN'T SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT SHORT ANSWER
My brother works in Washington,
Does he work for the government? No, he doesn't.
Where does he work?
Why doesn't he work for the government?
They have a car.
Do, they have an American car? Yes, they do.
LANJ}ljAGE NOTE: The cJ~otword Qrder for wlv- questions is wh;-word+ d:o Idoe$Ir;J.g:n·tl~~#} :I- subject + base fQrm of verb + cpl:nplemen~+ r .. ( '. . .
_ Fill in the blanks with the missing words,
Example: Why _____d__o'-- you want to learn English?
1. When ___________ you do your homework?
2. Where ___________ she go on vacation each year?
3, ___________ do you live?
4. Where ___________ he work?
5. How many children ___________ she have?
6. Why ___________ they always come to school together?
7, Why ___________ you practice your English more often?
8. How often ___________ you brush your teeth?
g, \\'hat time ___________ you wake up?
10. ___________ does she eat lunch v;ith?
Create wh- questions for the following underlined answers,
Example: Q: Where
A:
1. Q:
A: I go shopping at Macy's.
28 Practice 13
s
a
2. Q:
A: She spends the weekends with her family.
3. Q:
A: I study at my friend's house.
4. Q:
A: They have dogs.
5. Q:
A: My uncle lives in Argentina.
6. Q:
A: I call my mother twice a week.
7. Q:
A: We jog every day because we egjoy it.
8. Q:
A: They speak Italian.
~ Unscramble the words below to form questions.
Example: you / do / in the morning / what / eat
What do you eat in the morning:?
1. does / when / letters / write / he
2. she / does / go / after school/where
3. do / when / English / practice / you
4. how often / your friends / e-mall / you / do
5. is / who / film actor / your favorite
6. want / you / to leave / do / when
Practice 13 29
WASHINGTON, D.C.
Bef~evad 1. What capital cities do you know?
2. What do you know about Washington, D.C.?
The Lincoln Memorial The Capitol The Vietnam War Memorial
() Read the following article. Pay special attention to the presenttense verbs.
Washington, D.C., is the capital of the United States. "D.L" means District of Columbia. The District of Columbia is not a state; it is a special government district. It is very smalL. It is only 61 square miles (158 square kilometers.) More than half a million people live in Washington. Washington doesn't have factories. Government and tourism are the main businesses of Wastiington. Washington doesn't have tall buildings like other big cities.
Some people who work in Washington don't live there. They live in the nearby states: Virginia and Maryland. Washington has a good subway (metroJ system. It connects Washington to nearby cities in Virginia and Maryland.
The Capitol, the building where Congress meets, is on a hilL. State senators and representatives work in the capitaL. They make the country's laws.
Tourists from allover the United States and many other countries visit Washington. They come to see the White House and the Capitol building. Many visitors want to see the Vietnam War Memorial. This wall of dark stone lists all the names of American soldiers who died in the war in Vietnam.
Delaware
--------~----------------_._-
42 lesson 2
Besides government buildings, Washington also has many important
Did.You 7 museums and monuments toKnow. presidents. The Smithsonian Institution
The first location of has 16 museums and gaLLeries and a the U.S. capital was in zoo. The Smithsonian includes the AirNew York City.
and Space Museum. This very popular museum shows visitors real spaceships, such as the ApoLLo 11, which landed on the moon in 1969.
Tourists don't pay to see government buildings and museums. However, they need tickets to see many places because these places are crowded. Government buildings and museums have a lot of security. Guards check visitors' bags as they enter these buildings.
A trip to Washington is an enjoyable and educational experience.
Simple Present Tense-Forms
Subject Base Form Complement We use the base form when the subject is I, you, we, they, or a plural noun.I
You We live in Washington. They My friends
.~---- ----.----+-----.--..--.----------1
Subject -s Form Complement We use the -s form when the subject is
He he, she, it, or a singular noun.
She Family is a singular subject.
It Lives in Washington. The president My family
r--------..-.--.---.-~- ..----.-.. --------1 Washington has many museums. Three verbs have an irregular -s form. The metro goes to Virginia. have --t has (pronunciation /hiEz/) The president does a Lot of work. go --t goes
do --t does (pronunciation /dAz/)
The Simple Present Tense 43
EXERCISE D Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.
EXAMPLE Visitors _ Iike_ the museums. (likellikes)
1. The president ----:::c--::-:-- . in the White House. (livellives)
2. Many people in Washington _ _ for the government. (wo,'kIworks)
3. Washington _~_~~~~ many beautiful museums. (havelhas)
4. Millions of tourists __' _~.~ ~_.~_ Washington every year. (visit/visits)
5. The metro __~ Washington to nearby cities. (connect/connects)
6. The Vietnam War Memorial .~.~__.~_ the names of men and women who died in the war. (list/lists)
7. "D.C." District of Columbia. (1nean/means)
2.2 Simple Present Tense-Uses . .. Uses
The president lives in the White House. With general truths, to show that someWashington has a good subway (metro) system. thing is consistently true
~-~~~-~~"'" ..~
The president shakes hands with With customs many people. He waves to people.
We take a vacation every summer. To show regular activity (a habit) or We sometimes go to Washington. repeated action
.~._._---_._. --I come from Bosnia. To show place of origin He comes from Pakistan.
44 Lesson 2
EX ERe ISED ABOUT YOU Write the correct fonn of the verb. Add more words to give facts about you.
EXAMPLE I c_o_m_e_f~ro-m-C-o-0-m-b-w---(come)
1. The capital of my country -::-----,- _ (have)
2. Most people in my country :=---,- _ (have)
3. In my native city, I especially ~-::---_---.
4. Tourists in my country -,--- _ (visit)
5. My native city --:- ~ _ (have)
6. My family _ (live)
7. In the U.s., I --------c:---,-------..----.
8. The U.S. -=---,--'- •
9. I --------0--...,--------- College/School.(attend)
10. This school -----------cc----------(have)
2.3 Spelling of the -s Form Base Form -5 Form
Add s to most verbs to make the -5 form. hope hopes eat eats
... .._~ ...~--~_ ...~_
When the base form ends in 55, 5h, ch, or x, add miss misses es and pronounce an extra syLLabLe. wash washes
catch catches
mlX mixes 1------.
When the base form ends in a consonant + y, carry carries change the y to i and add es. worry worries
._..
pay paysWhen the base form ends in a voweL + y, add s. Do not change the y. enjoy enjoys
The SimpLe Present Tense 45
--
EX ER(ISED Write the -8 fann of the following verbs.
eatsEXAMPLES eat studiesstudy _ watcheswatch
1. try
2. play
3. 'have
4. go
5. worry
6. finish
7. do
8. push
9. enjoy
10. think
2.4 Pronunciation of the -s Form • I • I Rule
lsi Prqnounce lsi after voiceless sounds: Ip, t, k, fl.
Izl Pronounce Izl after voiced sounds: /b, d, g, v, m, n, D, l, r/ and all vowel sounds.
I;n/ Pronounce I;nl when the base form ends in 55, ce, se, sh, ch, ge, x.
11. say
12. change
13. brush
14. obey
15. reach
16. fix
17. work
18. raise
19. charge
20. see
. .. hope-hopes eat-eats
grab-grabs read-reads hug-hugs live-lives hum-hums run-runs
miss-misses dance-dances use-uses wash-washes
pick-picks laugh-laughs
sing-sings fall-falls hear-hears see-sees borrow-borrows
-watch-watches change-changes fix--fixes
language Note: The following verbs have a change in the vowel sound. Listen to your teacher pronounce these examples.
do/du/-does/dAz/ saY/sei/-says/s£zl
46 lesson 2
-EXERCISE I] Go back to Exercise 3 and pronOlUlce the base fonn and -s fonn
of each verb.
EX ERCIS E II Fill in the blanks with the -s fonn of the verb in parentheses ( ). Pay attention to the spelling rules on page 45. Then say each sentence.
trie£>EXAMPLE A teacher to help students learn. (try)
1. Apilot an airplane. (fly)
2. A dishwasher dishes. (wash)
3. A babysitter children. (wQcteh)
4. A soldier an officer.
5. A citizen taxes. (pay)
6. A mechanic machines. (fix)
7. Astudent (study)
8. Astudent homework.
9. A carpenter a hammer.
10. A teacher students. (teach)
EX ERCIS E III Choose one of the following professions. Write at least three sentences to tell what someone in this profession does. You may work with a partner.
mechanic teacher bus driver secretary cook tour guide carpenter banker salesperson plumber writer lmvyer
The Simple Present Tense 47
2.5 ComparingAffirmative Statements-Be and Other Verbs • I' Explanation
I am a student. Don't include a form of be with a simple I study English. present-tense verb.
You are right. Wrong: I'm study English.
You know the answer. Wrong: You're know the answer. Wrong: He's works hard.He is busy.
He works hard.
EX ER(IS E D A student is comparing himself to his friend. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the underlined verb.
EXAMPLES My friend and I are very different.
I get up at 7 o'clock. He __g~t!3_ up at 10. 'sI'm a good student. He a lazy student.
1. I study every day. He ~ only before a test.
2. I always get Xs on my tests. He C's.
3. I hav~ a scholarship. He a government loan.
4. I'm a good student. He an average student.
5.. He live~ in a dormitory. I __. in an apartment.
6. 'He'~ from Japan. I _~__ from the Philippines.
7. He studies with the radio on. I __. __ in a quiet room.
8. He watches a lot of TV. I TV only when I have free time.
9. He eats a lot of meat. I a lot of fish.
10. He uses a laptop computer. I ~ a desktop computer.
48 Lesson 2
-. 2.6 Negative Statements with the Simple Present Tense
, Explanation.' The president lives in the White House, Use doesn't + the base form with he, she, it, The vice president doesn't live in the White House. or a singular noun.
Washington has many government buildings. Compare: lives ~ doesn't live It doesn't have tall buildings. has ~ doesn't have
Doesn't is the contraction for does not. f----.---- ~~-_+_----------.---~-------------
Visitors pay to enter museums in most cities. Use don't + the base form with I, you, we, They don't pay in Washington museums. they, or a plural noun.
We live in Maryland. Compare: pay ~ don't pay We don't live in Washington. live ~ don't live
Don't is the contraction for do not,
Usage Note: American English and British English use different grammar to form the negative of have. Compare:
American: He doesn't have a dictionary. British: He hasn't a dictionary. OR He hasn't got a dictionary.
.
EX ERe IS E m Fill in the blanks with the negative fonn ofthe underlined verb.
EXAMPLE You need tickets for some museums. You don't need __ money for the museums.
1. Washington has tourism. It factories.
2. Tourists need to pass through security in Washington museums.
They _to pay to enter a museum.
The Simple Present Tense 49
3. The metro ~ all day. It ~ after midnight.
4. You need a car in many cities. You a car in Washington.
5. Washington has a subway system (the metro). Miami
____. a subway system.
6. My friend lives in Virginia. He __" __'__' . in Washington.
7. I likt: American history. I geography.
8. The president lives in Washington. He _ ______ in
New York. -
9. The president ~erves for four years. He . for six years.
10. We ha'y~ a president. We .__._... a prime minister.
11. The U.S. Congress makes the laws. The president the laws.
12. Many Washingtonians work in tourism. They _ for the government.
EXERCISE m Tell if this school has or doesn't have the following items.
EXAM PLES ESL courses This school has ESL courses.
classes for children It doesn't have classes for children.
1. aUbrary 5. a swimming pool 9. donnitories
2. a cafeteria 6. a gym 10. classes for children
3. copy machines 7. a student newspaper 11. a computer lab
4. a parking lot 8. a theater 12. e·mail for students
EX ER(I SE 1m Make an affirmative statement or a negative statement with the words given to state facts about the teacher. Use the correct form of the verb.
EXAMPLE speakArabic The teacher speaks Arabic. OR
The teacher doesn't speak Arabic.
1. talkfast 6. pronounce my name correctly
2. speak English well 7. wear glasses
3. speak my language 8. wear jeans to class
4. give a lot of homework 9. teach this class every day
5. give tests . 10. watch the students during a test
50 Lesson 2
EXERCISE m ABOUT YOU Check (..I) the items that describe you and what you do. Exchange your book with another student. Make statemelJts about the other student.
EXAMPLES __ I have children. -:L- I like cold weather. Marta doesn't have children. Marta likes cold weather.
1. __ I speak Chinese. 6. __ I like summer.
2. __ I live alone. 7. __ I like cold weather.
3. __ I live near school. 8. __. I have a laptop.
4. __ I walk to school 9. __ I use the Internet.
5. __ I speak Spanish. 10. __ I have a dog.
2.7 Comparing Negative Statements with Be and Other Verbs . .. ExpLanation
I'm not from Mexico. Don't use be to make the negative of a I don't speak Spanish. simple present-tense verb.
You aren't sick. Wrong: I am qon't speak Spanish. You don't need a doctor. Wrong: You aren't need a doctor.
Wrong: He isn't want dinner.He isn't hungry. He doesn't want dinner.
EX ERCIS E IE ABOUT YOU Check (..I) the items that describe you and what you do. Exchange your book with another student. Make statements about the other student.
EXA MPLES __ I'm an inunigrant. Margarita isn't an immigrant. She comes from Puerto Rico.
-:L- I have a laptop. Margarita has a laptop.
1. __ I'm married. 7. __ I'm a full-time student.
2. __ I have childrenJa child. 8. __ I have a pet. l
3. __ I have a laptop. 9. I'm an immigrant.
4. __ I'm an American citizen. 10. __ I'm happy in the U.S.
5. __ I like this city. 11. __ I like basebalL
6. __ I have ajob. 12. I understand American Tv.
I Apet is an animal that lives in someone's house. Dogs and eats are common pets.
The Simple Present Tense 51
EX ER(ISEll] Choose one of the items from the list below. Write sentences telling what this person does or is. Include negative statements. You may work with a partner. Read some ofyour sentences to the class.
EXAMPLE a good teacher A good teacher explains the lesson.
A good teacher doesn't get angry at students.
,A. good teacher doesn't walk away after class when stude~tsJ'ia~~~
A good teacher is patient.--_.._--_ _~
1. a good friend 3. a good doctor
2. a good mother or father 4. a good adult son or daughter
EXE ReISE OJ Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses ().
Sara Harris is a 30-year-old woman. She in() Example: (be) ---:::(1~I:t'C""·ve--,'.J-
Arlin~on, Virginia. She _-;::::---:-,---.__ in Washington because rent is (2 notAive)
cheaper in Arlington. Arlington __':':"':"-:-~-:-_~ far from Washington.. (3 be/not)
Sara __~_ a car because her apartment near (4 not/need) (5 be)
a metro stop. She ----;cc----;---- the metro to go to work every day.use)
Sara works in Washington, but she __~ for the government. (7 not/work)
She ~__a tour guide. She ,-,--_ groups on tours of ~b~ ~t~)
the Capitol. Tour groups __~_.,.---:-:-_to pay to enter the Capitol, (10 nollneed)
but they do __ ~__ a reservation. (11 need)
52 Lesson 2
Sara __--:--=- married. She ---::-::-c:--,----- two (12 behwt) (13 have)
roommates. They in govenunent offices. Sara and her (14 work)
roommates _----=-::----::-,--_ hard, so they _--,--::----=----,,-- much time to work) not/have)
visit the museums. When Sara's friends __,-- - from out of town, (17 visit)
Sara ---- them to museums and other tourist attractions. (18 take)
1. Do you pay income tax?
2. What other kinds of taxes do you pay?
~..r"'l~ 11'ltl'm::l!1l....-~'"
Income Tax Return lor Single and1040EZ Joint filers With No De ondents 2003 ~lfl Nil. 1:4)-Q61~
"" y.,~'WII'I!fI6"''' ....- 1 \'_sodM~,~
Label L A 1f"'.11lI:iA ~'~f'n(__~hii
~'.IOdIil'~nurI'It*"'" _12,1 • ....
..... ,RS •
...,,1, L ,___ turM_VI(iQi< 'ywhll...,aP,o -,Il.'I"Jlol't<,,;r
~ I '><~• A Important! ApIe;<IS8 piO'l • WI:y._I"JIQ'ioI~ __ .. fIif:'I!\tIl_,_Pl",r¥"r_~'f'W"",,", 'l\)U n'tl.lSt emer your"'l)'Pll, •• 55N{s) above. PrniIItoU,,1 .:Iftllllll .,. " v.. ..., ." OV.:l O~ 0\," 0",.
() Read the following conversation between Annie (A) and Bob (B) in Washington, D.C. Pay special attention to questions.
A: Do you live in Washington? B: No, I don't. I live in Virginia. A: Do you work in Washington? B: Yes, I do. A: How do you go to work? B: I use the metro. A: How much does it cost? B: That depends on how far you ride. I pay $1.50 per ride. A: Where do you work? B: I work at the IRS.
(continued)
The Simple Present Tense 53
A: What does IRS mean? B: It means Internal Revenue Service. This is the government agency that
collects taxes. Whenever I tell people that I work at the IRS, they give me funny looks or say funny things.
A: Why? B: Because everyone hates the IRS. No one likes to pay taxes. But taxes are
necessary. A: How does the IRS use the money? B: For the military, education, health care, social security, and many other
things. A: Does everyone pay the same amount of tax? B: No. Poor people pay a smaller percentage. Middle income people pay more.
The tax law is very complicated2•
A: When do people in the U.S. pay tax? B: They pay little by little. Money comes out of their paychecks. Then they
fill out a form and send it to the IRS every year by April 15. A: My friend gets a refund 3 every year. Does everyone get a refund? B: No. Only people who pay too much during the year get a refund. If we pay
too little, we send a check to the IRS by April 15. A: I hope to win the lottery some day. Then I won't need to pay taxes. B: You're wrong! The IRS takes a percentage from every lottery winning. A: How does the IRS know who wins the lottery? 8: The lottery reports the winner's name to the IRS. A famous American,
Benjamin Franklin, said, "In this world nothing is certain but death and taxes."
2.8 Yes/No Questions and Short Answers with the Present Tense Explanation ," "
" , '
Does Subject Verb Complement To form a question with he, she, it, everyone, family, or a singular subject, use:Does Barbara work in Washington?
Does she live in Virginia? Does + subject + base form
Does everyone pay taxes? Wrong: Does she works in Washington?
Does your family visit you? __. _._-... ..~~ ~~.
Do
Do Do Do
Subject
you they Americans
Verb
work pay like
Complement
hard? taxes? the IRS?
To form a question with plural noun, use:
Do + subject + base fo
I, we, you, they, or a
rm
(continued)
2 Complicated means not simple, 3 A r~furu1 is money that the government returns to you ifyou pay too much in taxes,
54 lesson 2
Examples , . . ,
Do lottery winners pay taxes? We usually answer a yes/no question with a short Yes, they do. answer.
Do Americans like taxes? Short answer:
No, they don't. Yes, + subject pronoun + do/does. No, + subject pronoun + don't/doesn't.Does Barbara use the metro?
Yes, she does.
Does she live in Washington? No, she doesn't.
Usage Note: American English and British English use different grammar to form a question with have. Compare:
American: Does she have a car? Yes, she does. British: Has she a car? OR Has she got a car? Yes, she has.
Compare Statements and Questions
Do/Does Subject Verb Complement Short Answer
Barbara works in Washington. Does she work for the government? No, she doesn't.
You pay taxes. Do you pay a lot? Yes, I do.
EX ER(IS E IE Answer with a short answer.
EXAMPLE Does Barbara work in Washington, D.C.? Yl_e--'s,'-s_h_e_d_oe_s_. _
1. Does Barbara live in Washington, D.C.? _
2. Does she work for the government? _
3. Does the Washington metro go to Virginia? _
4. Does tax money pay for the military? _
5. Do poor people pay taxes? _
6. Do people like to pay taxes? _
7. Do lottery winners pay taxes? _
8. Does Annie have a lot of questions for Barbara? _
The Simple Present Tense 55
EXE RCISE IE
EXAMPLE
EX ERC1 SE [fA
EXA MPLE
Ask your teacher a question with ~Do you ... ?" and the words given. Your teacher will respond with a short answer.
drive to school
A: Do you drive to school? B: Yes, I do. OR No, I don't.
1. like your job 7. like to read students' homework.
2. teach in the summer 8. live far from the school
3. have another job 9. have a fax machine
4. speak another language 10. have trouble with English spelling
5. learn English from TV 11. have a scanner
6. know my language 12. like soccer
ABOUT YOU Put a check (V"') next to customs from your native country. Then make an affirmative or negative statement about your native country or culture. Ask another student if this is a custom in his or her native country or culture.
-L People take offtheir shoes before they enter a house.
A: Russians take off their shoes before they enter a house. Do Mexicans take off their shoes before they enter a house?
B: No, we don't.
1, __ People take off their shoes before they enter a house.
2. __ People bow when they say hello.
3. __ People shake hands when they say hello.
4. __ People bring a gift when they visit a friend's house.
5. __ People eat with chopsticks.
6. __ On the bus, younger people stand up to let an older person person sit down. .
7. __ High school studerits wear a uniform.
8. __ People visit friends without calling first.
9. __ Men open doors for women.
10. __ Men give flowers to women for their birthdays.
11, __ People celebrate children's day.
12. __ Women cover their faces with a veil.
56 lesson 2
r EXE RCISE m A tourist in Washington, D.C., has a lot of questions. Fill in the
EXA MPLE
EX ERCIS E 1m
()
blanks to make questions.
Most big cities have tall buildings. Does Washington have tall buildings? No, it doesn't.
1. The metro trains run all day. 24 hours a day? No, they don't. They only run from early morning to midnight. On weekends they run later.
2. In my city, all passengers pay the same fare on the metro.
__________ the same fare in the metro in Washington? No, they don't. Passengers pay according to the distance they ride.
3. I need a ticket to enter museums back home. _
__________ ticket to enter museums in Washington? Yes, you do, but the museums are free.
4. The Washington Monument is very tall. an elevator? Yes, it has an elevator.
5. The president works in Washington. _---,---, on Capitol Hill? No, he doesn't. He works in the White House.
6. laws? No, he doesn't. The president doesn't make the laws. Congress makes the laws.
'!\vo students are comparing teachers. Fill in the blanks to complete this conversation.
A: Do you -:-_Ii....,.ke,---:-::-:- your English class? (example: like)
_______ a very good teacher.
_____---,::;::- Spanish?
B: No, she doesn't. She comes from the Philippines. She _ (4 speak)English and Tagalog.
A: My teacher is very good too. But he --';::--"::'7- fast, and sometimes (5 talk)
I -----,-:-----,-----,_---,.,..- him. He __-----,:::--:-----,--__ a lot of homework. (6 not I u1Uterstand) (7give)
________-=-- a lot of homework? (8)
The Simple Present Tense 57
B: Yes, she does. And she .~_.__ a test once a week (9 give)
A: My teacher __--,.,-:;---_,.--__ jeans to class. He's very informal. (lOwear)
_____= jeans to class? (11)
B: No, she doesn't. She always wears a dress.
A: My teacher always __~ to us about American culture. (12/alk)
_--,-~_your teacher _-., - to you about American culture? (1~ (1~
B: Yes, she . ~ _ (15)
Comparing Yes/No Questions-Be and Other Verbs t • Explanation ,
Are you lost? No, I'm not. Don't use be to make a question with a Do you need help? No, I don't. simple present-tense verb.
Am I right? Yes, you are. Wrong: Are you need help?
Do I have the answer? Yes, you do. Wrong: Am I have the answer? Wrong: Is he speak French?Is he from Haiti? Yes, he is.
Does he speak French? Yes, he does.
EXERCISE EZiJ Read each statement. Write a yes/no question about the words in parentheses ( ). Then write a short answer.
EXAMPLES Workers pay tax. (lotterywiIUlers) (yes) Do tottery wirlners pay tax? Yes, they do.
Washington, D.C., is on the east coast. (New York) (yes) /s New York on the east coast? it is.
1. Sara works from Monday to Friday. (on the weekend) (no)
2. You are interested in American culture. (the American government) (yes)
3. The president lives in the White House. (the vice president) (no)
-------_._---,---------------_._.__._-58 lesson 2
4. The museums are free. (the metro) (no)
5. Washington has a space museum. (a zoo) (yes)
6. Taxes are necessary. (popular) (no)
7. Security is high in government offices. (in airports) (yes)
8. People hate the IRS. (you) (yes)
9. The metro runs all day. (after midnight) (no)
10. The metro in Washington is clean. (quiet) (yes)
Washington. D.C. Subway Map
c-&" Red ...", Line ,;.,*/r
j!'f~lIJ 8~~.t ~ ~ ." _~~" ,I" . Green line
Orange Line
~1~~~6~lue ~ine
.r .'
2.10 Or Questions :"- ~~,~
I • Exj:!.lanation , .. .
Do you study English or French? An or question gives a choice of answers. I study English.
Is Washington, D.C., on the east coast or the west coast?
It's on the east coast.
Pronunciation Note: The first part of an or question has rising intonation; the second part has falling intonation. Listen to your teacher pronounce the examples above.
The Simple Present Tense 59
EXERCISE mABOUT YOU Circle the words that are true for you, and make a statement about yourself. Then ask an or question. Another student will answer.
EXAMPLE I drink~1 tea in the morning. I drink coffee in the
A: Do you drink coffee or tea in the morning? B: I drink coffee, too.
1. I speak English Imy native language at home.
2. I prefer classical music Ipopular music.
3. I'm a resident of the U.8.1 a visitor.
4. I'm mamed! single.
5. I live in a house I an apartment 1a dormitory.
6. I ,vlite with my right hand I left hand.
7. I'm from a big city I a small town.
8. I prefer morning classes I evening classes.
9. I prefer to eat out I eat at home.
-- .. _-~-----------
10. English is easy I hard for me.
11. I live with someone I alone.
J
Iiij
Il
60 Lesson 2
2.11 Wh- Questions with the Simple Present Tense� Explanation
Wh- Does Subject Verb Complement To form a question with he, she, it, Word eve/yone, family, or a singular
Where does Barbara work? subject, use:
When does she use the metro? Wh- word + does + subject + base form
How does the IRS use your money? Use the base form after do or does.
Wrong: Where does Barbara works?
Wh- OA Subject Verb Complement To form a question with I, you, we, Word they, or a plural subject, use:
When do we pay taxes? Wh- word + do + subject + base form Where do they work? Why do I get a refund?
Wh- Oa/ Subject Verb Preposition In informal written and spoken Word Does English, we usually put the
Where Who
do does
you she
come live
from? with?
preposition at the end of a whquestion.
What floor do you live on? ,
Preposition Wh- Oa/Does Subject Verb In formal written and spoken English, Word we put the preposition before the
question word.With whom does she live?� On what floor do you live?�
language Note:� We use whom, not who, after a preposition. We often use who when the preposition is at the� end of the sentence. Compare:�
Formal: With whom do you study? Informal: Who do you study with?
EXERCISE m ABOUT YOU Answer the questions.
EXAMPLE� Where do you live?
I live near the schooL
1. Who do you live with?� 5. How do you come to school?
2. What do you bring to class?� 6. Where do you live?
3. What does the teacher bring to class? 7. What do you like to do on weekends?
4. What do you do after class?� 8. Why does the teacher give homework?
The Simple Present Tense 61
2.12 Comparing Statements and Questions in the Simple Present Tense
Affirmative Statements and Questions , , I, I, . .. • I • ..
My sister works in Washington. Does she work for the IRS? No, she doesn't.
Where does she work?
You pay tax. Do you pay income tax? Yes, I do.
Why do you pay tax?
Negative Statements and Questions
Wh- Word Don't/Doesn't Subject Verb Complement
People don't like taxes. Why don't they like taxes?
Sara doesn't get a tax refund. Why doesn't she get a tax refund?
EXERCISE m ABOUT YOU Ask and answer questions with the words given. First ask another student a yes/no question. Then use the words in parentheses () to ask a wh- question, ifpossible.
EXAMPlES live near school (where) have cable TV (why)
A: Do you live near school? A: Do you have cable TV? B: Yes, I do. B: No, I don't. A: Where do you live? A: Why don't you have cable? B: I live on Green and Main. B: Because it's too expensive.
:1. speak Spanish (what language)
2. have American friends (how many)
3. live near the school (where)
4. plan to go back to your country (when) (why)
5. live alone (~ith whom OR who ... with)
6. practice English outside of class (with whom OR who ... with)
7. bring your dictionary to class (why)
8. have a cell phone (why)
62 Lesson 2
EXE RCIS E Ell� First ask the teacher a yes/no question. After you get the answer, use the words in parentheses ( ) to ask a wh- question, if possible. Your teacher will answer.
EXAMPLE teach summer school (why)
A: Do you teach summer school? B: No, I don't. A: Why don't you teach summer school? B: Because I like to travel in the summer.
1. have a laptop computer (what kind of computer)
2. speak another language (what language)
3. teach summer school (why)
4. correct the homework in school (where)
5. drive to school (how ... get t04 school)
6. like to teach English (why)
7. come from this city (what city ... from)
EX ERCIS E SJ� Ask and answer questions about another teacher with the words given. First ask another student a yes/no question. Then use the words in parentheses ( ) to ask a wh- question, if possible.
EXAMPLE speak your language (what languages)
A: Does your teacher speak your language? B: No, he doesn't. A: What languages does he speak? B: He speaks English and French.
1. give a lot of homework (why)
2. write on the chalkboard (when)
3. come to class late (what time)
4. pronounce your name correctly (how)
5. use a textbook (what textbook)
6. wear jeans to class (what)
4Get to means arrive at.
The Simple Present Tense 63
2.13 Questions About Meaning, Spelling, and Cost� • I ,~• • ,, ,, . • •� . . Explanation
What does "0.c." mean? Mean, spell, say, HoiN do you spell "government"? and cost are verbs
How
How much
do
does
you
a metro ticket
say
cost?
"government" in your language?
and should be in the verb position of a question.
EX ER(ISE fIB� Fill in the blanks in the conversation below with the missing words.
A: What '5 your name? (example)
B: My name is Martha Gomez.
A: How -~-.-....__......_-.-.:c.,_..~_._..-.---_._- spell "Gomez"?
B: G-O-M-E-Z. It's a Spanish name.
A: Are you ._. -.--...-::-:c-.....- .. ----......---- Spain?
A: What country -----;::.c:---- you come __...� ? (5)
B: I come from Guatemala.
A: What language� __-::= they __-=~_.._ in Guatemala?
B: They speak Spanish in Guatemala.
A:� _______ your family here? (8)
B: No. My family is stilI in Guatemala. I call them once a week. A: Isn't that expensive?
B: No, it
A: How much .. ._---:::-::-;-.� ..__~ cost?
B: It.five dollars. We can talk for 35 minutes. I like (11)
to say hello to my family every week.
A: How� "hello" in Spanish?
64 Lesson 2
B:� We say "hola." Please excuse me now. I'm late for my class. Hasta luego.
A:� What __ _~~~~__ "hasta luego" ---=-,..,..,... ? o~ OV
B:� It means "see you later" in Spanish.
2.14� Comparing Wh- Questions-Be and Other Verbs . .. Explanation
Who is she? Don't forget to use do or does in a� Where does she Live? question with a simple present-tense verb.�
How are you? Wrong: Where she lives?�
How do you feel? Wrong: How you feel?�
Where am I? Don't use be to form a simple present�tense question.� What do I need?
Wrong: What am I need?
EXERCISE fa� Read this conversation between two new students, Ricardo (R) and Alexander (A). Fill in the blanks with the missing words.
()
------------::-.,..,-----------_?
_________-:-:--� from Ukraine.
_____.. -;;:;-::� a new student?
-------::::c.----- from? (6)
________ from Peru.
The Simple Present Tense 65
A:� Where -----.---------c",---~-------~---
R:� It's in South America. We speak Spanish in Peru. I want to learn English and then go back to my country.
A:� Why --,. ~~_~ to go back to Peru?
R:� Because my father has an export business there, and I want to work with him.
A:� What ---, _
R:� "Export" means to sell your products in another country.
_____________ to know English?
R:� I need to know English because we have many American customers.
A:� How many languages __.__. ,~-------.----~----
R:� My father speaks four languages: English, French, German, and Spanish.
A:� Tell me about your English class. --------:-:7:------- your English teacher?
R:� Oh, yes. I like her very much.
A:� Who ---------~.----_;:_;7------.---.-------- your English teacher?
R:� Barbara NOWak.
A:
R:� N-O-W-A-K. It's a Polish name.
A:� How many students __. --::-~-----------?
R:� It has about 35 students. The classroom is very big.
A:� What floor ---:-:----------_?(17)
R:� It's on the second floor.
A:� When -----~c__--- your class _ -_? (18)� (19)
R:� It begins at 6 o'clock. I'm late. See you later.
A:� ________~_:::::_::::_-------~-~"see you later" in Spanish?
R:� We say "hasta luego."
66 Lesson 2
1. The simple present tense has two forms: the base form and the -8 form:
:.. .. .� I Everyone You He We eat. She eats. They It (Plural noun) (Singular noun)
2.� Simple present-tense patterns with the -8 form: AFFIRMATIVE: The president lives in Washington, D.C. NEGATIVE: He doesn't live in New York. YEs/NO QUESTION: Does he live in the White House? SHORT ANS\\'ER: Yes, he does. WH- QUESTION: Where does the vice president live? NEGATIVE QUESTION: Why doesn't the vice president live in
the White House?
3. Simple present-tense patterns with the base form: AFFIRMATIVE: We study English in class. NEGATIVE: We don't study American history in class. YEs!,VO QUESTION: Do we study grammar? SHORT ANS\\'ER: Yes, we do. WH- QUESTION: Why do we study grammar? NEGATIVE QUESTION: Why don't we study history?
4.� Present-tense patterns with the verb be: AFFIRMATlv'E: The teacher is absent. NEGATIVE: She isn't here today. YEs/NO QUESTION: Is she sick? SHORT ANS\\'ER: No, she isn't. WH- QUESTION: Where is she? NEGATIV'E QUESTION: Why isn't she here?
5. We use the simple present tense with:
General truths and facts� Washington, D.C., ha~;;t,alf a ~illion I people. Americans speak English.
I-----~_._-_.- --... ---I--.----- ..-~--------------------------
Customs� Japanese people take off their shoes when they enter a house.� Americans don't visit friends without an� invitation.�
Regular activities (More He visits his parents every summer. L.-on this use in Lesson 3) ....!. I pLay soccer once a week. .........
I� I� i� I, ; i
The Simple Present Tense 67
EDITING ADVICE
1.� Don't forget to use the -s form when the subject is he, she, it, or a singular noun.
s He� need more money.
1\
has This school have a big library.
2.� Use the base form after does and doesn't. have
My father doesn't -l:la5 a car.
Does your mother speak5 English well?
3.� Ifyou are living in the U.S., use the American form, not the British form, with have.
doesn't have He~a car. Do you have Have you a car?
4.� Don't forget do/does in a question. do
Where your parents live? 1\
5.� Use correct word order in a question. your brother live i
Where does live your brother? does your father have
What kind of car has your father?� i i
don'tyolJ Why you don't like pizza?
6.� Don't use be with another verb to form the simple present tense. I
r.m have three brothers. She~ lives in New York.
{don't I'm not have a car.
7.� Don't use be in a simple present-tense question that uses another verb.
Does I5 your college have a computer lab? Do Ate you speak French?
68 Lesson 2
,� 8. Use correct spelling for the -8 fonn.
studies She ~ in the library.
watches He watchs TV every evening.
9. Use the correct negative fonn. doesn't
He ~ know the answer. don't
They 00 speak English.
10.� Don't use an -ing fonn for simple present tense. write
I writing a letter to my family once a week.
11.� Family is a singular word. Use the -8 fonn. s
My family live in Germany. A
12.� Use the same auxiliary verb in a short answer as in ayes/no question. am
Are you� hungry? Yes, 100. do
Do you like baseball? Yes, I am.
13.� Use the correct word order with questions about meaning, spelling, and cost.
does "wonderful" mean What means"wand~lrful"?
do bananas cost How much cost bananas this� week?
do you How spell "opportunity"?
A
do you How say "opportunity" in your language?
A
The Simple Present Tense 69
Possessive Adjectives�
Fill in the blanks with the correct subject, pronoun, or possessive adjective from the choices enclosed in parentheses.
Example: (his / he) In the morning, he washes his face.
I. (my/I) mother and go shopping this week.
2. (they/their) family visits when have a vacation.
3. (our/we) love new apartment.
4. (her / she) buys a tree for garden.
5. (it/its) looks great in new place by the roses.
6. (Your/you) and brother look just the same!
7. (he / his) buys jackets at an expensive store.
8. (I/my) teacher and solve many math problems.
9. (their / they) __..__ grades aren't so good. usually do better.
10. (we/ our) -----. want to read books tonight.
II. (its /it) paw is hurt and needs medical attention.
12. (she /her) rides the bus to job on weekdays.
13. (you/your) dinner is ready. Are ready to eat?
14. (his/he) watches favorite show on Fridays.
15. (my /I) always lose pearl earrings.
16. (they /their) and parents cook wonderful meals.
52 Practice 25
Fill in the blanks with the possessive adjectives that refer to the subject.
Example: I like teacher.
I. He opens
2. She loves
3. The cat likes
4. Many teachers give
5. Sometimes my sister does
6. Mr. Johnson buys
7. Do you use
8. I bring
9. We wear
10. Ms. Wmfrey always tells
II. Some people wash
12. He uses
13. She keeps
14. The mouse eats
15. Most people love
16. Sometimes Lisa eats
17. I carry
18. We need
19. She eats
20. Two of my friends do
21. He talks to
22. The computer needs
23. You often clean
24. You always buy
25. We usually call
26. Does he want __~
27. This bag always breaks at
28. I am hungry for
dinner.
book.
grandfather.
toy.
students too much homework.
homework in the bathtub.
shoes in the spring.
dictionary every day?
daughter to work with me sometimes.
coats in winter.
children to eat
cars every day.
cell phone in class.
pencils in bag.
cheese.
parents.
lunch in the morning.
bag everywhere.
books now.
lunch at the same time every day;
homework together.
grandmother every week on the phone.
hard drive.
car.
shoes at the department store.
mothers on Sunday.�
test grade now?�
strap.�
lunch right now.�
Practice 25 53
Possessive Pronouns�
Rewrite the second sentence ofeach item below, replacing the underlined words with a possessive pronoun.
Example: Your coat is brown. My coat is blue. Your coat: is brown. Mine is biue,
1. My birthday is in January. Your birthday is in March.
2. His cat is white. Her cat is black.
3. I like my brother. Do you like your brother?
4. My teacher is strict. Is your teacher strict?
5. Can I use your pen? My pen doesn't work.
6. Whose socks are these? Whose socks are those?
54 Practice 26
7. My mother comes from Sri Lanka. Ravi's mother comes from India.
8. Yoko's dress is red. Julie's dress is red too.
9. Miguel's house is big. Peter's house is small.
10. Antonio and Carlotta's jobs are difficult. Nina and Matt's jobs are easy.
11. You have an old red car. Our car is new.
12. My hair is red. Their hair is red too.
13. Your shirts are pink. My shirts are green.
14. Their class is boring. Our class is interesting.
15. My parents always watch Tv. Do your parents always watch TV?
Joanna is comparing herself to her classmates. Complete Joanna's secondEXERCISE 2
r :;". ~~,...... -. ~ sentence.
Example: My hair is long. (he I short) _H_is,---,-is_s,-h,-o_rt, _
1. My glasses are made of silver wire. (she I brown plastic)
2. My pet is a Siamese cat. (he I old parrot)
3. My job is in the city. (they I in the country)
4. My apartment has two bedrooms, (you lone bedroom)
5. My parents are careful with money. (their I spend a lot of money)
Practice 26 55
ESLW40 Editing Practice 1
Directions: Cross out the errors in the paragraph below. Then, write your corrections neatly� above the errors. Pay attention to format, grammar, spelling, punctuation, and capitalization.�
my oldest brother wants to have a traditional wedding ceremony. her girlfriend, the future bride, also
want a traditional wedding. together they decided to follow the customs ofpeople in my country for the
biggest day of their lives. first my brother and his future bride, like all couples, needs to have a civil
marriage ceremony in the town hall. This is just for legal reasons. after the civil ceremony, they walk
dovm the main street of our town with all of the invited guests walking behind them. they walking from
the town hall to the church. when They get to the church, They have the religious ceremony. The bride
wear a long white dress and a veil over her face. The groom, my brother, wear a tuxedo or a suit. the
groom kiss her bride when the priest say they are "husband and wife" and then everybody cheers and
claps. After the Religious Ceremony, the newlywed and the guest go to restaurant near the church.
The restaurant provide many delicious dish to eat and good music to dance to. we call the celebration
after the religious ceremony the "reception." A typical reception last until midnight. before the
reception end, the bride and groom alway thank the guest. Finally after the reception is over, the
newlywed go on trip to a lovely, romantic place. They're trip is they're "honeymoon." I thinks my
brothers' wedding ceremony will be both beautiful and traditional.
ESLW 40 Editing Practice t
Directions: Cross out the errors in the paragraphs below. Then, "'vrite your corrections neatly above the errors.
Passage 1 Dear Sammy,
Your interested in computer games! That great! I'm interested in them, too. My favorite game
are Polar Ice, but I amn't very good at it. My other hobby basebalL You no are interested in sports.
Why? Baseball is a Great Game. It very popular here. My friends and I be always in the park after
work and we play every saturday afternoon. My friends is good players, and i'm get better.
We both students. Computer class are you favorite classes, right? Me favorite class is
History. Well, its time for class now. I'm wait for your next letter.
Your email friend,
Max
Passage 2
I want to tell you what happened to me yesterday. Yesterday I was sit do",n on the train. All
around me people start to use they're cell phones. They make one phone call after another. They got
a lot of call, also. They speak to there boyfriends, girlfriends parents, and their bosses. phones were
kept ringing all the time. I got a headache. I am knowing that cell phones are very useful but they are
also big problem. There are no "quiet" time anymore. Oh, no, I sorry. I am need to end now. My
phone ringing!
Passage 3
Hi Bobby. I'm write to you from the train. I are traveling with my brother Dan. We go to
miami to visit our aunt. I cant make phone call because Dan sleeps. He no feeling well. That's why I
send this e-mail. There's problem with this train. it moving really slowly. Oh, Wait a Minute-the
Conductor makes a announcement. Vh-oh. Now it isn't moving at all. We're have engine problems!
Oh, good, Dan wakes up. Now I can call you! Bye!
Passage 4
I so tired. I work too much. I don't not take a break. My boss always want me to stay late. HE
doesn't stays late, so I couldn't stays late. I getting up every day at 6:00 AM and I no stop work until
7:00 PM. I rarely having time to saw my friends. I also drink too much Coffee! I usually have more
than five cup a day. Some peoples say that coffee relax them, but not me! It help me stay awake at
the office but the caffeine made me nervous. Then, I cant sleeping in the night, just like now. Now it is
1:30 AM. I want to sleep! Maybe I should try tea instead of coffee.
Passage 5
What are you see? It's a beautiful night. Todd, Kim, and Omar are look up at the sky.
Todd: Are you see the man in the moon?
Kim: What you mean? It look like rabbit to me.
Omar: I'm not understand you! I think it's a woman on the moon, and he's reading a book!
Three peoples are look at the same moon but they are seeing three different thing. When you
look at the moon what do you seeing?
· ,
, . WRiTING .' . ~ ~ ~ .
Now read the following paragraph written by a student. Can you guess where the student is from?
Model Paragraph
Bread
In my country, bread is an Iqiportcint' part of our everyday food. When we sit down for a meal, there Is always' bread on the table. For breakfast, we have bread With butter or cheese. Some people have jam or olives. For lunch, we have bread\~v'Ith a meat or vegetable dish. Poor people eat more bread With a small piece of meat or vegetable or cheese. For example, the lunch of a worker may be a loaf of bread with some yogurt. Again at dinner, we eat bread with whatever food there Is on the table. When there is rice, we have bread, too. We thInk that if there Is Iio bread., there is no food. . . . .
Organizing
The Topic Sentence Underline the first sentence in the model paragraph above. It is the topic sentence.
The topic sentence is the most important sentence in a paragraph. It tells the reader what the paragraph is about, or Its main idea. The topic sentence is usually the first sentence in a paragraph. The topic sentence has two parts: the topic and the controlling idea. The topic is the subject of your paragraph. It is what you are ,",:riting about. Example:
Bread is an important part of our everyday food. Topic; Bread
Circle the topic in these sentences.
1. Potatoes are good for you.
2. There are many kinds of rice.
3. The hamburger is a popular food in AmerIca.
4. People all around the world drink tea.
5. Bread is the poor man's food.
The controlling idea limits or controls your topic to the one aspect that you want to write about.
Example: Bjce plays <!11 imporjgj1t part in some ceremonies.
(Topic) (Controlling idea) or Rice is a nutritious RaIl of our diet.
(Topic) (Controlling idea)-
A topic can have more than one controlling idea. You could write one paragraph about how rice plays an important part in some ceremonies, a second paragraph about bow rice is a nutritious part of our diet, and a thIrd paragraph about another aspect of rice. There are many possibilities.
Exercise 2
Underline the controlling idea in these topic sentences. 1. Bread is an important part of our diet. 2. Bread plays an important part in our religion. 3. Potatoes are easy to grow. 4. Potatoes are the basic food of the Irish. 5. French fries are popular all over the world.
Topic sentences are often opinions. A simple fact is not a good topic sentence because there is nothing more you can say about it. If a topic sentence is an opinion, then you can write a paragraph about it.
Exercise 3
Work with a partner. Decide which sentence, a or b, is a fact. 1. a. Rice is a cereal.
b. In some countries, people eat too much rice. 2. a. The potato is a vegetable.
b. Potatoes are good for you. 3. a. Rice contains starch.
b. Rice should be cooked in a special pot. 4. a. Drinking coffee helps you concentrate.
b. Coffee is made from coffee beans. 5. a. Chevlfing gum is good for you.
b. Chewing gum is made from plastic and rubber. 6. a. Coffee contains caffeine.
b. The best coffee comes from Colombia.
Another kind of topic sentence divides the topic into different parts.
Examples: (1) Potatoes are good for you in thr~ways.
(2) There are fO\lr basic methods of eating French fries. (3) Potato-eaters fall into differenUJIoups.
When you use this kind of topic sentence, you need to support it by talking about the different parts. For example, to support sentence (1), you would write about the three ways potatoes are good for you.
EKercise tt
Put a checkmark (,/) in the blank if the sentence is a good topic sentence.
1. Bread is made from flour. __ 2. Drinking too much coffee may be dangerous for you in
several ways. 3. In some countries, people have very different ideas about
drinking tea.
~.._4. Potatoes are a root vegetable. Rice is the basic food for half of the world's population. ~5.
~6. Potatoes contain many nutrients.�
~7. Rice may be cooked in four ways.�
Writing Practice
Choose one of the topics below; 1.� The basic food in my country
2.� The main drink in my country
1.� Pre-writing. Work with a group, a portner, or alone.
a. Write your topic at the top of your paper. (Soy what your main food or drink is.)
b. Then ask a question about your topic. This will help you to get ideas. Choose one of these question words;
Who? What?/ln what way? Where? When? Why?
Example: Rice is on important food in my country. Question: Why?
c,� Write down os many answers as you Can. If you find that the question word does not work, try another question word.
2.� Develop an outline, a.� Organize your ideas,
Step 1: Write a topic sentence. Step 2: Choose some of the answers to your question to use os
supporting sentences,
b, Make a more detailed outline. The paragraph outline on the next page will help you.
Paragraph Outline
(Topic sentence)
(Supporting fact)
~~~.. -------------------~
(Supporting fact)
(Supporting fact)
(Concluding sentence)
3,� Write a rough draft,
'1-. Revise your rough draft, Using the checklist below, check your rough draft or let your partner checki!.
Paragraph Checklist __ Did you give your paragraph a title?� __ Did you indent the first line?� __ Did you write on every other line? (Look at pages 8-9 for�
instructions on paragraph form,) __ Does your paragraph have a topic sentence? __ Does your topic sentence have a controlling idea? ._ Do your other sentences support your topic sentence? -_ Are your ideas in the correct order? __ Does your paragraph have a concluding sentence?
5.� Edit your paragraph.
Now read the following paragraph '>''Titten by a student. Can you guess where the student is from?
Model Paragraph -----------~--~-------------.-
A Specialty in My Country
The people in my country make a special dish from the izote flower, which is delicious to eat. The flower grows on top ofa beautiful tree. You can see these trees in gardens of houses. You can also buy izote flowers in the market. The best time for the flower is in the summer, from June to September. From the flowers we make a special dish that we eat almost every week. To prepare this dish, we boil the petals of the flower in water with salt and garlic. Then, we take out the petals and add them to beaten eggs. We fry this mixture like an omelet. When it is ready, we eat it with tomato sauce. The izote flower is very special in my country because it tells us that summer has come.
The first sentence in the model paragraph is the topic sentence. The next sentences are supporting sentences. The last sentence is the conduding sentence.
5..pp<ll'f'i.I1Jlg S'entencl.!5 Supporting sentences tell more about the topic introduced in the topic sentence. Supporting sentences give the reader more facts about or examples of the topic.
Example:
Topic sentence: The people in my country make a special dish from the izote flower.
Supporting sentences: Where the flower grows Where you can buy the flower When you can buy the flower When you eat the dish How you make it How you eat it
Exercise 1
Look at the following groups of sentences. The topic sentence is underlined. An except for one of the sentences in each group support the topic sentence. Find the sentence that does not support the topic sentence. Grele the letter of your answer.
1. Ihe carambola Isaj:Jopular fruit in Taiwan.
a. It is not expensive.
b. You can buy it in any supermarket or fruit store in my country.
c. It is goad for you when you are sick.
Most do not like
Z. The platona which looks like a benana, has many uses in r:m'
country, Peru a. Jt is an export for my country.
b. It is used in many kinds of dishes.
c. Bananas are also a favorite
d. It is a supplement for milk.
3. Gin_~s a traditional....s.gosoning in China
o. It is used in many traditional dishes.
b. The Chinese have used ginger for a long time.
c. It is an old custom to use ginger when the dish has a stron g smell.
d, Ginger is expensive in the United States,
4. ~o berms are becQming Q.QI2.\llor all over the world.
a. They have always been popular in Asia.
b. They are easy to grow. c. They are not as good as meat.
d. They have a high food value,
The Concluding Sentence The last sentence in your paragraph is called the concluding sentence. This sentence tells the reader It is the end of the paragraph.
The condudlng sentence and the topic sentence are similar, They are both general sentences. You can write the concluding sentence like the topiC sentence, but use different words.
Two ways to write a concluding sentence are to
1. Say the topiC sentence in different words
or
2. Summarize the main points in the paragraph,
Many conduding sentences begin with one of these phrases:
In conclusion, . In summary, .
Write a conduding sentence for each of the topic sentences below.
Example: Topic sentence: Klmchlls an Indispensable side cIIsh at meals in
Korea. Concluding sentence: In conclusion, there is no day without kimchi
on the table in my country, Korea.
1. In lapan, we use seaweed in many of our traditional meals.
2. Americans eat turkey on two of their traditional holidays.
3, In many countries, it is usual to eat food with hot peppers.
-~._.~._--------------
4. Beans play an Important part in Brazilian food.
--~---~
-Writing Practice
1.� Pre-writi ng. Work with a group, a partner, or alone.
a.� Write the name of a specialty or delicacy in your country (the topic). b.� Now v,'fite a contro!ling idea about the topic. (Say why it is
important/spedal/traditional.) c.� TIlen ask questions about your controlling idea. Use some of the
following question words: When? VVhere? Vv'ho? How? V/hy?
Example:
A traditional food in my country is bean sprout soup. Questions: When do you eat it?
How do you make it? Why do people eat it?
2.� Develop an outline. a.� Organize your ideas.
Step 1: Write a topic sentence. Step 2: Choose some of the answers to your questions to use as
supporting sentences. b.� Make a more detailed outline. The paragraph outline on the next
page will help you.
.. Paragraph Outline
(Topic sentence)
(Supporting� sentence I)�
-'-~'---~ --(Supporting� sentence 2)�
(Supporting� sentence 3)�
(Supporting� sentence 4)�
(Concluding� sentence)�
3.� Write a rough draft.
4.� Revise your rough draft. Using the checklist below, check your rough draft or let your partner check it.
Paragraph Checklist __ Did you give your paragraph a title?� ._- Did you indent the first line?� _~ Did you \','rite on every other line?� --- Does your paragraph have a topic sentence?� __ Does your topic sentence have a controlling idea?� .._ Do your other sentences support your topic sentence?� __ Are your ideas in the correct order?� __ Does your paragraph have a concluding sentence?�
5.� Edit your paragraph. Work with a partner or your teacher to edit your paragraph. Check spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, and grammar.
6.� Write your final copy.
WRITING�
Now read the following paragraph written by a student. What country does the student come from?
Model r<t"d,'rdun
,*W~~<{i,~9.!&~y. Country . ·:.;~/~;::"":;L' Y!'\~~::i"".~,!;... ,. 'I. :
J.qst yeqr, !11Y,9Icl~st llr~W~f 9Qt,tpar!ied.His 8ride was his friend's sistlir. F.irst, t!}!"}"!J(1?~d0!;iricirriag~ intp.. townh(1IL A fewwe,ekslat qfMr<;\:\"~dding. 1)rebr'ide ",§f~a
. bealitifti~' (1.Y~~9i~;~etfate,·i1le bridegroom wdte a tuxedo. . ·s~rl'!m9by..w<is over, the neWlyweds and the gu,:,sts "":r:nttfa,r~stfllp'Cll'iiIl'e~'the church. Here there was a wonderful WeildiI)gr~eption Wiflari kinds ofhot and cold food, After tnat, tbire wPs!lipsl£ap(tdqncing, Before the reception ended; the bride anjj:grodffi menind thanked every guest. Finally, after the reCeption Wus over, tlienewlyweds went on a trip to Hawaii for their horiilymoon,
Organizing
Review of Describing a Process
You know that the words below show time order (Chapter 5)' First, ... Next", . Then ... Finally/Lastly, . , .
The words after that also show time order. We use these words in the same way as next and then.
After that, } Next, there was music and dancing. Then
We use after that, next, and then at the beginning at a sentence. We cannot use them to make two sentences into a single sentence.
Using before and after To Show Time Order
When we describe a process, we often use dependent clauses beginning with before or after. These words show time order,
Aclause is a group of words with a subject and a verb. There are two kinds of clauses: main douses and dependent clauses, A main clause is a separate sentence. A dependent clause depends on the main douse; it cannot stand alone,
Read each of the following clauses. [f the dau,se is a separate sentence and can stand alone, write "main douse" under it. If the clause cannot stand alone, write "dependent douse" under il.
1. The young girl enters the church
Example: main clause
2. before they eat
3, after they finish the ceremony
4. she invites her dosest relatives
Writing a Dependent Clause with before or afte,'
Look at the sentences below. Each statement has a main clause and a dependent clouse.
l\fter the religious cerel]1onvj;> over, they go to a hall. (Dependent clause)
J?~9re they go totlli;.jJJll!X, they pose for photographs. (Dependent dause)
When the dependent clause comes first, separate it from the main clause with a comma.
Punctuate the following sentences with a comma where necessary.
1.� Before they go to the party they pose for photographs.
2.� After they have dinner there is dancing.
3.� Before they have the special party they have a church ceremony.
4.� After the church ceremony is over her parents embrace her.
5.� Before they have a reception they must rent a hall and a band to
play music.
6.� After the girt and her family arrive at the hall the party can begin.
Use the word in parentheses to combine each pair of sentences into a single sentence. Begin with the dependent clause.
1.� You have a religious ceremony.� You have a dinner and dance. (after)�
Example: After you have a reliraioui7 ceremony, you have a dinner and dilnGe
2.� 'lhey pose for photographs.�
They go to the party. (before)�
3.� The guests have dinner. (after)�
The girl starts to dance with her father.�
4. The girl dances with her father. (after)
The other guests dance.
Now reod the following poragraph written by a student Con you guCS\
where thl) s: udent lS from!
Model Paragraph
Ne:w year in,My Country :: >:'
In my couptry, we call'thi~' Year Tet. First, on.the night the New Year begiq~d~/e:QQ:tg: ~,We:prtinQ BuddJp, give
~tliflrlJs5 f.or th~;B~~tY~fl.r;' hqfth~.yeor WIll be'bpppyI'
"~en weretUrtt'li6rq~:'W . ht, my father tJdWs b~\ore an .cd t~~;~~ htl\1e: !:i.~9ffers fo.9}j,~o the relatives and: midnight, we huve . ~.~; ,", '~'. i< -� '~:, c. '" -,l,' ", .:',..:,: • ffri;,rack-en;,: 'ls,Xet. TheJ~tew . y~h;;'is hef~ 'Qllct deliciQu!: tl[fil\~r w~tee I.···',! ("'~, ._." .'
Describing a Process When you wont to tell about how you do something, like take a both or wash your cor, you must Ust the main steps. Make sure that the steps are in the correct order. Then to make the order clear to the reader, use the foil owing words, which show time order:
First,1 .. (Second, . . Third,..)� Next ,1� Then ..� FinallyILastly,l.�
These words come at the beginning of a sentence. Note that you use a comma (,) a fter each word except then. You do not need to USe these words in each sentence of your paragraph.
Now underline the words that show time order in the model paragraph.
3Put the foilowing sentences in the correct order. Number them I, 2,
1 4, ., .
1.� To wash your hair, follow these steps.� ~..~ Put some shampoo on your hair.� _1_ Wet your hair with water.� __ Rinse off the shampoo.�
__~ Lather your hair with shampoo.�
Dry your half with a towel.� __ Repeat the process.�
2.� Washing dishes is easy. __ Wash the plates in soapy water with a brush.
__ Remove pieces of food from the plates. ___ Dry the plates with a towel.
__ Rinse off the soapy water.
3.� Cleaning windows is not difficult.� .._ You need a bucket and a Jorge sponge.�
Dry the ·....1ndows with a paper towel.
__ Wet the sponge, and wipe the windows with it. __ Fill the bucket with water and a little ammonia.
__ Your windows will shine.
Comma (,) with Items in a Series
You use a comma to separate three or more items in Q series. Do not use a comma if there are only two Items.
Examples:
There are other things on the table, such as apples, sugar, cookies, candles, a mirror, and a bowl ',;;ith goldfish.
They have fun by playing games, singing, and dancing.
Hadji Firooz sings and dances through the streets. (No comma needed.)
They eat cookies or pastries. (No comma needed.)
Put commas in these sentences where necessary. Note that some sentences do not need a comma.
1.� The oldest person gives out sweets pastries and coins.
2.� The day after the beginning of Nowrooz we visited our grandparents uncle and aunt
3.� Next year Nowrooz starts on March 20 or 21.
4.� We see Hadji Firooz in streets or malls.
5.� The last da.y of NOV>Tooz is fun and eXciting.
6.� People clean their curtains and furniture.
Find the mistakes. There are 10 mistakes in punctuation, capitalization, and spelling. Find and correct them.
The Chinese New Year celebration is fifteen days long. The Chinese
clean their homes and decorate two. They also buy new clothes and
prepare plenty of food. The big celebration start on new year's eve,
First, they have a big dinner with plenty of food. There are always
special foods like a whole fish chicken and long noodles for long
life. After dinner, the whole family sits up for the night. They play
games, or watch teleVision. Finally there are fireworks all over the
sky at midnight.
Choose one of the topics below:
1, Celebrating New Year
2, Celebrating Christmas or another holiday
3, Preparing a special dinner
L Pre,writing,
Work ''''ith a partner. Tell your partner how you celebrate the New Year (or celebrate another holiday or prepare a special dinner), Then write down what you do first, what you do next, what you do after that,
2, Develop� an outline.
Number your sentences in the correct order, Then rewrite all the sentences in a paragraph. Use words showing time order. The paragraph outline below will help you.
Paragraph Outline
(Topic sentence)
3, Write a rough draft.
4. Revise your rough draft: Using the checklist below, check your rough draft or let your partner check it.
Paragraph Checklist
Did you give your paragraph a title? __ Did you indent the first line? __ Did you write on every other line? (Look at pages 8~9 for
instructions on paragraph form.) __ Does your paragraph have a topiC sentence? __ Are your ideas in the correct order? __ Does your paragraph have a conduding sentence?
5. Edit your paragraph. Work with a partner or your teacher to edit your paragraph. Check spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, and grammar.
6. Write your final copy.
ESLW40� At-home Paragraph 2 Spring 2010
Name� _
Directions:� 1. Write a paragraph of at least 20 sentences on the topic below. 2. Follow correct paragraph format. 3.� Write a topic sentence as your first sentence. Then, develop that main idea with
support and details. Conclude your paragraph with a final, concluding sentence. 4.� Use 8 112 by 11 inch white lined paper. 5.� Skip a line when writing. Write neatly in blue or black ink. 6.� Check your work for spelling, punctuation, and grammar. 7.� Staple this cover sheet to your paragraph.
Topic:� You read sample paragraphs about a special dish from a student's native country and a paragraph about how New Year's Day is celebrated in a student's native country.
Choose one of the following topics: A. Write about a special dish that is popular in your native country, and explain why it is special.
B.� Write about a special holiday in your native country, and explain how it is celebrated. (DO NOT write about New Year's Day.)
ESLW40� Practice for Test #2 Spring 2010
I will not talk or look at any other student's work during the test. If I cheat, I will get an F (0) on
Name� _the test.
Part 1: Find the mistakes in the sentences below. Cross out the mistakes and write your corrections ABOVE the mistakes.
I. My Neighbor, she always play loud music in night.
2. The babys no like to eat their vegetables.
3. Why you want to work Downtown?
4.� He don't have good car. He need mechanic to help him fix it.
5.� Does your sister and brother living in sacramento.
Part 2: Read the conversation between two students, Sammy (S) and Denise (D). They are talking about their hobbies. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
..� D:� Hi, Sammy. What's your hobby?
s: Hi, Denise. It baseball. I baseball a lot.
D: onateam?
S: Yes, I play on the Sacramento River Cats baseball team
__________________ how to play baseball?
D:� No, , but I want to learn. Can you teach me?
S:� I'm very sorry, but right now I time. I'm so busy with the
team and with my family.
D:� play baseball, too?
S: No, she My wife doesn't play baseball, but she to watch
me play.
Part 3: Read this interview. Fill in the blanks with the missing word (or words). (1/2 point each question)
A:� What kind ofjob ?
B:� Well, I want ajob that pays well, at least 15 dollars per hour.
A:� your skills?
B:� My skills are in auto mechanics and plumbing.
A:� mechanics or plumbing?
B:� I prefer mechanics, but plumbing is OK, too.
A:� Why ajob working with cars?
B:� Because I really like to work on cars. I think it's interesting to fix cars.
A:� What kind of experience ?
B:� Well, I have a lot of experience fixing cars. I can tell you about my job history, and here is
my resume.
A:� That's fine. You can start to work tomorrow.
Part 4: Fill in the first blank with the affirmative form of the verb in parentheses. Then, write the negative form of this verb.
1.� Sacramento City College (be)
Sacramento City College
2.� People (think)
People
3.� John (carry)
He
4.� The dog and cat (play)
They
on Freeport Blvd.
on Broadway.
that Americans love hamburgers.
that Americans love tea with milk.
many books to school every day.
his computer to school every day.
together outside.
inside the house.
Part 5: Write ayes/no question about the words in parentheses ( ). Then, write a short answer.
Example: I have a car. (you) (answer: yes) Do yOU have a car? Yes. yOU do.
1. Michele Obama is the wife of Barack Obama. (Michele - the wife) (answer: yes)
2. Barack Obama lives in Illinois. (California) (answer: no)
3. John and Cynthia McCain come from Arizona. (New York) (answer: no)
4. Joe Biden has a wife. (children) (answer: yes)
5. Sarah Palin wears glasses. (a watch) (answer: no)
Part 6: Read each statement. Then, write a wh-question about the words in parentheses ( ). Don't answer tbe question.
Example: February has 28 days. (March) How many days does March have?
1. Children love to watch television. (in the morning and in the evening)
2. Hawaii is west ofCalifornia. (New York)
3. Arnold Schwarzenegger likes to exercise. (at the gym)
4. Thanksgiving is Americans' favorite holiday. (Thanksgiving)
5.� You spell "holiday" H - 0 - L - I - D - A - Y. ("favorite")
6.� Everybody in the U.S. celebrates Thanksgiving. (who?)
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
ESLW40� Practice for In-class Paragraph #2 Spring 2010
Directions: Write a paragraph about the topic below. Write at least 20 sentences.
Remember the following: 1. Use correct paragraph format and structure. 2.� Check your spelling and punctuation. 3. Check your grammar. 4.� Staple this page to your paragraph when you finish. 5.� You may use an English-English book dictionary. No
electronic dictionaries or bilingual dictionaries!
Topic 1:� What is the best season of the year in your native country? Tell about why it is the best season and what people usually do at that time of the year.