Iliofemoral Joint aka Hip Joint

By Suzannah and Michelle

Ligaments

• Iliofemoral ligament• Ischiofemoral ligament• Pubofemoral ligament• Zona orbicularis• Sacrotuberous ligament• Ligament of the head• Transverse ligament of the acetabulum• Inguinal ligament

----------------Sacrotuberous ligament

Ligaments of the Head

Transverse ligament of the acetabulum------------>

Bursae• Trochanteric Bursa- separates the deep aspect of the gluteus maximus from

the greater trochanter of the femur• Gluteofemoral Bursa- separates the iliotibial tract from the superior part of

the proximal attachment of the vastus lateralis (in textbook)• Ischial Bursa- separates the inferior border of the gluteus maximus from the

ischial tuberosity

Cartilage

Articular Capsules

Bones:Femur(R)-post.

Bones: Os Coax(R)- lateral

15

Bones:Os Coax (R)- Medial

Bones: Iliac Spines

Bones:Tibia

Piriformis Syndrome

Starts with pain, tingling, or numbness in the buttocks. Pain can be severe and extend down the length of the sciatic nerve (called sciatica). The pain is due to the piriformis muscle compressing the sciatic nerve, such as while sitting on a car seat or running. Pain may also be triggered while climbing stairs, applying firm pressure directly over the piriformis muscle, or sitting for long periods of time.

An uncommon neuromuscular disorder that is caused when the piriformis muscle compresses the sciatic nerve. The piriformis muscle is a flat, band-like

muscle located in the buttocks near the top of the hip joint. This muscle is important in lower body movement because it stabilizes the hip joint and lifts

and rotates the thigh away from the body

Surface Anatomy

Inguinal Line------>

<---------- Gluteal cleft

Nerves

Arteries

Veins

Muscles: Psoas Major

Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces of T12-L5

Insertion: Less trochanter

Action: Flexes hip

Innervation: L2 and L3

Muscles: Iliacus

Origin: Iliac Fossa

Insertion: Less trochanter

Action: Flexes hip

Innervation: Femoral Nerve

Muscles: Semimembranosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Action: Extends hip, flexes knee

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Vascular Supply: Inferior gluteal artery

Muscles: Rectus Femoris

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity

Action: Hip flexion, knee extension

Innervation: Femoral nerveVascular Supply: Lateral circumflex femoral artery

Muscles: Adductor Brevis

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator Nerve

Vascular Supply: Obturator artery, deep femoral artery (profunda)

Muscles: Adductor Magnus

Origin: Ischium and pubis

Insertion: Entire linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Vascular Supply: Obturator artery

Muscles: Adductor longus

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Middle 1/3 of linea aspera

Action: Hip adduction

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Vascular Supply: Obturator artery and deep femoral artery (profundus)

Muscles: Semitendinosus Origin: Ischial

tuberosity

Insertion: Anteromedial surface of proximal tibia

Action: Extends hip and flexes knee

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Vascular Supply: Deep femoral artery (profundus)

Muscles: Sartorius

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Proximal medial aspect of tibia

Action: Hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Vascular Supply: Lateral circumflex femoral artery

Muscles: Gracilis

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Anterior medial surface of proximal end of tibia

Action: Hip adductor

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Vascular Supply: Obturator artery

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Fibular head

Action: Extends hip, flexes knee

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Vascular Supply: Inferior gluteal artery

Muscles: Biceps femoris

long head

Muscles: Biceps femoris short head

Origin: Lateral lip of linea aspera

Insertion: Fibular head

Action: Flexes knee

Innervation: Common peroneal nerve

Vascular Supply: Inferior gluteal artery

Muscles: Pectineus

Origin:Superior ramus of the pubis

Insertion: Pectineal line of femur

Action: Hip flexion and adduction

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Vascular Supply: Medial circumflex femoral artery

Muscles: Gluteus Maximus

Origin: Posterior sacrum and ilium

Insertion: Posterior femur, distal to the greater trochanter

Action: Hip extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve

Vascular Supply: Superior gluteal artery

Muscles: Gluteus Medius

Origin: Lateral ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Vascular Supply: Superior gluteal artery

Muscles: Gluteus Minimus

Origin: Lateral ilium

Insertion: Anterior surface of greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction and medial rotation

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Vascular Supply: Superior gluteal artery

Origin: Internal surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion: Superior border of greater trochanter

Action: Lateral rotation, abduction, helps hold femur in acetabulum

Innervation: L5, S1-S2Vascular Supply: Superior and inferior gluteal artery

Muscles: Piriformis

Muscles: Tensor Fascia Latae

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia

Action: Combined hip flexion and abduction

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Vascular Supply: Superior gluteal artery

THE END!