ilo and il standards

8/6/2019 ILO and IL Standards

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The International Labour Organization(ILO)

&

International Labour Standards(ILS)

Tim De Meyer,

Specialist on International Labour Standards &

Labour Law

International Labour Office, Bangkok Subregional Office forEast Asia (SRO Bangkok), Thailand


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3/133

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3

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[email protected]


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Part I

The International Labour Organization

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International Labour Organization

Organization of Governments, Employers and Workers from

181 countries

Mandate to promotesocial justice throughdecent work as a

matter of

Respect for individual dignity

Economic and social development

International peace and stability

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7

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ILOs Decent Work Agenda

Decent work = work which does not only provide men orwomen a pass-time and a short-term livelihood, but also

Rights, i.e. the power to choose and negotiate accordingly

Protection against the uncertainties of (working) life for workersand their families

Participation in the workplace and the wider community

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9/133

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(ILO) .... oifhjrwfaomtvkyfoifhjrwfaomtvkyfoifhjrwfaomtvkyfoifhjrwfaomtvkyf vkyfief;pOfvkyfief;pOfvkyfief;pOfvkyfief;pOf

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Decent Work Strategic Objectives

To promote and realize fundamental principles and rights at

work

To create greater opportunities for women and men to secure

decent employment and income

To enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection

for all

To strengthen tripartism & social dialogue

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11

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ILO ITUC Relationship

ILO is an international forum for G, E & W ITUC gives a voice to workers

ITUC is a consultative organization of the ILO, as is

the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)

The Organization of African Trade Union Unity (OATUU)

The European Trade Union Council (ETUC) The International Organization of Employers (IOE)

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ILO ITUC qufqHaqufqHaqufqHaqufqHa&;&;&;&;

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ITUC onf ILO . twdkifyifcH tzGJ@jzpfonf/ ITUC onf

tvkyform;or*~rsm;. urBmhtzGJ@csKyf (WFTU)

tmz&du tvkyform;or*~ nD!Gwfa&;tzGJ@ (OATUU)

Oa&my tvkyform;or*~aumifpD (ETUC)

EdkifiHwum tvkyf&Sifrsm;tzGJ@ (IOE) wdk@ yg0ifaoma=umifh jzpfonf?

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ILO ITUC Relationship

Where independent trade unions are absent or weak, ITUCplays an important role in bringing

Representations or complaints

Information on the application of ratified conventions

ITUC may endorse information from NGOs such as Anti-

Slavery International or the Global March

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ILO-ITUC qufoG,frqufoG,frqufoG,frqufoG,fr____ vGwfvyfaom tvkyform;or*~rsm;r&Sdaom odk@r[kwf

tm;enf;aomae&mrsm;wGif ITUC onf atmufygwdk@udkaqmifusOf;&ef ta&;}uD;aom tcef;urS yg0ifonf/

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u|efyjcif; qef@usifjcif; EdkifiHwumtzGJ@ odk@r[kwf

wurBmvkH;csDwufjcif; paom NGO rsm;rSowif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk ITUC u twnfyay;Edkifygonf?

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17/133

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owif;tcsuftvufrsm; pkaqmif;jcif;ESifh jzef@a0ay;jcif;(A[koko)

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Part II

International Labour Standards

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Conventions(Protocols)

States must considerratification, but do nothave to ratify

If ratified, they arebinding underinternationallaw

ILO does not accept

reservations If not ratified, they still do

influence national law &policy

Recommendations

Not open to ratification Same authority as

Conventions

Contain good practices,guidelines, higher directlyaddressed to W & Eorganizations

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Since 1919, the International Labour Organization has adopted

188 Conventions, 199 Recommendations and 5 Protocols

Fundamental human rights at work

Occupational safety and health

Social security Employment policy

Governing Body has extensively reviewed the relevance of theall ILS since 1995

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1919 rS pwifI

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ILO Conventions in Asia Pacific

Ratification average at about 66% of world average, 40% of

OECD average 60-40-24-15

East Asia ratifications significantly lower than in the rest of

Asia

Many countries start to ratify again after long periods of

drought

Ratification record dominated by older technical Conventions,

but FHR Conventions are on the rise

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wurBmvkH;wGif 60 twnfy+yD;/OECD

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Governing Body Revision Policy

Up to date: 79 C (+ 5 p), 79 R

To be revised: 22 C, 14 R

Outdated (including withdrawn; replaced or shelved

instruments): 60 C, 69 R

Requests for info: 5 C, 12 R

Interim status: 24 C, 26 R

No conclusion: 1C, 1 R

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60 pD/ 69 tm

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=um;umv tajctae- 24 pD/ 26 tm

qkH;jzwfcsufrus- 1pD/ 1 tm

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ILO: Organizational Structure

International Labour Conference

Tripartite world assembly of labour

(1 E + 2 G + 1 W) x 181

Adopts Conventions and Recommendations

Governing Body of the IL Office

Tripartite executive council

14 E + 28 G (10) + 14 W

Sets agenda of the Conference

International Labour Office

Secretariat, headed by a Director-General

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ILO tzGJ@tpnftzGJ@tpnftzGJ@tpnftzGJ@tpnf;;;; zGJ@pnf;ykHzGJ@pnf;ykHzGJ@pnf;ykHzGJ@pnf;ykH

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tvkyf&Sif 14 tpdk;& - 28 (10) tvkyform; 14

EdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwum tvkyform;tzGJ@&kHtvkyform;tzGJ@&kHtvkyform;tzGJ@&kHtvkyform;tzGJ@&kH;;;; !$ef=um;a&;r;csKyf OD;aqmifaom twGif;a&;r;tzGJ@

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IL Standards Terminology

Adoption ( = creation)

Submission to the competent authorities ( = dissemination andorientation)

Ratification ( = commitment)

Denunciation (= cancelling commitment)

Application (= law and practice)

Supervision (= monitoring application by ILO)

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EdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwum tvkyform;pHE_ef;rsmtvkyform;pHE_ef;rsmtvkyform;pHE_ef;rsmtvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm; a0g[m&rsm;; a0g[m&rsm;; a0g[m&rsm;; a0g[m&rsm;

wifoGif;jcif; (] zefwD;jcif;)

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(] today;jcif;ESifh &Sif;vif;wifjyjcif;)

w&m;0iftwnfyjcif; (] vdkufemaqmif&Gufjcif;)

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vufawG@tokH;yjcif; (] Oya'ESifh vufawG@ usifh}uHr_)

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How an international labour standard is adopted

PROBLEM ISIDENTIFIED

GOVERNING BODY

PUTS TOPIC ON AGENDA OF

INTERNATIONAL

LABOUR CONFERENCE

OFFICE PREPARE S LAW AND

PRACTICE REPORT WITH QUESTIONNAIRE ONCONTENT OF POSSIBLE NEW INSTRUMENT

REPORT SENT TO GOVERNMENTS,

EMPLOYERS AND WORKERS FOR

COMMENTS

OFFICE ANALYZES COMMENTS

AND PREPARES PROPOSED

CONCLUSIONS

FIRST DISCUSSION OF

PROPOSED CONCLUSIONS

AT THE CONFERENCE

OFFICE PREPARES REPORT

WITH SUMMARY OF

DISCUSSION AND DRAFT

INSTRUMENT

REPORT SENT TO

GOVERNMENTS, EMPLOYERS

AND WORKERS FOR COMMENTS

OFFICE PREPARES REVISED

DRAFT OF INSTRUMENTSECOND DISCUSSION OF DRAFT

INSTRUMENT AT THE

CONFERENCE

INSTRUMENT IS

ADOPTED BY THE

CONFERENCE WITH A

2/3 MAJORITY VOTE

Who adopts international labour standards ?

The international Labour Conference brings together delegations from all ILO member states. Each delegation comprises:

2 government delegates

1 employer delegate

1 worker delegate

Government, employer and worker delegates each have one vote in plenary.

32

G.E.W

G.E.W


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tpdk;&

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nDvmcHY 'kwd,t}udrfaqG;aEG;

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EdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwum tvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm;udktvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm;udktvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm;udktvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm;udk b,folawGub,folawGub,folawGub,folawGu twnfytwnfytwnfytwnfy====uovJuovJuovJuovJ////EdkifiHwum tvkyform;nDvmcHu ILO tzGJ@0ifEdkifiHrsm;tm;vkH;rS udk,fpm;vS,frsm;udknDvmcHodk@ aqmifusOf;vm+yD;tpdk;& udk,fpm;vS,f 2tvkyf&Sif udk,fpm;vS,f 1tvkyform;udk,fpm;vS,f 1

pkHnDtpnf;ta0;wGif tpdk;&/ tvkyf&SifESifh tvkyform;udk,fpm;vS,frsm; rJwrJpDom ay;cGifh&Sdonf/ 33


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The regular supervisory process

GOVERNMENTS

SUBMIT REPORTS

ON RATIFIED

CONVENTIONS

EMPLOYERS ANDWORKERS MAY

COMMENT

COMMITTEE OF

EXPERTS SENDS

DIRECT REQUEST

TO GOVERNMENT,

AND EMPLOYERSAND WORKERS

ORGANIZATIONS

COMMITTEE OF

EXPERTS REVIEWS

REPORTS,

COMMENTS AND

RELATED

DOCUMENTS

TRIPARTITE COMMITTEE

AT THE CONFERENCE

DISCUSSES THE REPORTAND A SELECTION OF

OBSERVATIONS

COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS

PUBLISHES AN

OBSERVATION IN ITS

ANNUAL REPORT

CONFERENCE DISCUSSES

AND ADOPTES THECONFERENCE

COMMITTEES REPORT IN

PLENARY

34

G.E.W


35/133

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tpdk;&tvkyf&Sif/ tvkyform;

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nDvmcH aqG;aEG;jcif;ESifh pkHnDtpnf;ta0;wGifnDvmcHaumfrwD. tpD&ifcHpmudk csrSwfjcif;

35

u|rf;usifolrsm;aumfrwDu

a0zefcsufrsm;awG@&Sdcsufudk 4if;.ESpfywfvnftpD&ifcHpmwGifykHESdyfjcif;


36/133

The Representations Procedure

REPRESENTATION BY

EMPLOYERS OR WORKERS

ORGANIZATIONS IS

SUBMITTED TO ILO

GOVERNING BODY

SENDS

REPRESENTATION TO

COMMITTEE ON

FREEDOM OF

ASSOCIATION

ILO INFORMS THE

GOVERNMENT

CONCERNED AND

SUBMITS

REPRESENTATION TO

GOVERNING BODY

GOVERNING BODY

APPOINTS TRIPARTITE

COMMITTEE

GOVERNING BODY DECIDESNOT TO RECEIVE THE

REPRESENTATION

TRIPARTITE

COMMITTEE ASKS

GOVERNMENT FOR

INFORMATION AND

SUBMITS REPORT

WITH FINDINGS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

GOVERNING BODY

MAKES FINDINGS

ADOPTS REPORT, AND

PASSES CASE TO

COMMITTEE OF

EXPERTS FOR

FOLLOW-UP

GOVERNING BODY

ASKS FOR A

COMMISSION OF

INQUIRY TO DEAL

WITH THE MATTER AS

A COMPLAINT

OR

OR

OR

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ILO uoufqdkfif&m

tpdk;&udkta=umif;=um;ItkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@odk@udk,fpm;yr_udkwifjy

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@uokH;yGifhqdkifaumfrwDcef@tyf

okH;yGifhqdkifaumfrwDutpdk;&udkowif;tcsuf

tvufawmif;IawG@&Sdt}uHycsuftpD&ifcHpmay;ydk@

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@uawG@&Sdcsufrsm;avhvm

tpD&ifcHpmudk

twnfyu|rf;usifolrsm;tzGJ@odk@qufvufaqmif&Guf

&efay;ydk@

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@uudk,fpm;yr_udk

vufrcH&efqkH;jzwf

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@uTudpPtm; wdkif=um;csufw&yftaejzifh qufvufudkifwG,f&ef

pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;aumfr&Sifudkawmif;qdk

37


38/133

The Complaints Procedure

MEMBER STATE OR

INTERNATIONAL

LABOUR CONFERENCE

DELEGATE OR

GOVERNING BODY

INITIATES COMPLAINT

GOVERNING BODY MAY

APPOINT A

COMMISSION OF

INQUIRY

COMMISSION OF INQUIRY

INVESTIGATES COMPLAINT

AND ADOPTS REPORT WITH

RECOMMENDATIONS

GOVERNING BODY

FORWARDS COMPLAINTS

CONCERNING TRADE UNION

RIGHTS TO COMMITTEE ON

FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION

GOVERNING BODY NOTES

REPORT AND PASSES CASE

TO COMMITTEE OF

EXPERTS FOR FOLLOW-UP

GOVERNMENT ACCEPTS

RECOMMENDATIONS OR MAY

APPEAL TO THE

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF

JUSTICE

ILO PUBLISHES REPORT

GOVERNING BODY MAY TAKE

ACTION UNDER ARTICLES 33

OR

38


39/133

wdkifwdkifwdkifwdkif====um;csufum;csufum;csufum;csuf vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsmvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsmvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsmvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;;;;

tzGJ@0ifEdkifiH (odk@) ILO ESpfvnfnDvmcHtvkyform; (odk@) tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@rSwdkif=um;jcif;

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@onfpkHprf;ppfaq;a&; aumfr&Sifudkcef@tyfEdkif

pkHprf;ppfaq;a&; aumfr&Sifonfwdkif=um;csufudk pkHprf;avhvmIt}uHycsufrsm;jzifh tpD&ifcHpma&;qGJ twnfyonf

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@u tvkyform;or*~tcGifhta&;ESifhqdkifaom wdkif=um;csufrsm;tm;FAO aumfrwDodk@ v$Jajymif;ay;onf

ILO rS tpD&ifcHpmudkxkwfa0onf

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@rS tpD&ifcHpmudkrSwfcsufa&;I u|rf;usifolrsm;aumfrwDodk@ qufvufaqmif&Guf&ef ay;ydk@onf

tpdk;&u t}uHycsufrsm;udkvufcH(odk@) tjynfjynfqdkif&mw&m;&kH;odk@qufvufyef=um;

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@rS yk'fr 33 t&ta&;,lonf

39

(odk@r[kwf)


40/133

The Freedom of Association Procedure

DIRECT CONTACTS

MISSION MAY BE

INITIATED

GOVERNING BODY

APPROVES

COMMITTEES

RECOMMENDATIONS

FOLLOW-UP BY THE

COMMITTEE ON

FREEDOM OF

ASSOCIATION

COMPLAINT IS

SUBMITTED TO THE

COMMITTEE ON

FREEDOM OF

ASSOCIATION BY

EMPLOYERS OR

WORKERS

ORGANIZATIONS COMMITTEE REVIEWSCOMPLAINT AND

EITHER RECOMMENDS

NO FURTHER, OR

ISSUES

RECOMMENDATIONS

AND REQUESTS

GOVERNMENT TO

KEEP IT INFORMED

IF THE GOVERNMENT

HAS RATIFIED

RELEVANT

CONDITIONS, THE

CASE MAY ALSO BE

REFERRED TO THE

COMMITTEE OFEXPERTS

G. E. W

40


41/133

vGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGm toif;tzGJtoif;tzGJtoif;tzGJtoif;tzGJ@@@@ zGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcif;;;; vkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;;;;

wdkuf&kdufqufoG,faqmif&Gufaomvkyfief;wm0efudk

aqmif&Guf

tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@uaumfrwD. t}uHycsufrsm;udktwnfy

vGyfvyfpGm toif;tzGJ@zGJ@pnf;jcif; aumfrwDuqufvufaqmif&Guf

tvkyf&Sifrsm; (odk@)tvkyform;rsm;.tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;uFAO aumfrwDodk@wdkif=um;csufrsm;ay;ydk@onf

tpdktpdktpdktpdk;&/;&/;&/;&/ tvkyf&Siftvkyf&Siftvkyf&Siftvkyf&Sif//// tvkyformtvkyformtvkyformtvkyform;;;;

aumfrwDu wdkif=um;csufrsm;udk jyefvnfokH;oyfIaemufxyfta&;,laqmif&Gufr_rsKd; xyfrHyvkyf&eft}uHy (odk@) t}uHycsufrsm;xkwfjyefI tpdk;&udkowif;ay;ydk@&ef arwWm&yfcHonf

tpdk;&u oufqdkif&mjyXmef;csufrsm;udk

twnfy+yD;jzpfyguu|rf;usifolrsm;tzGJ@odk@v$Jajymif;ay;Edkifonf

41


42/133

Submission: what is it ?

To bring newly adopted Conventions and Recommendations

before the national authorities competent to legislate or take

other action to give effect to the C. & R.

Government must send Report of Submission to the ILO

Copy of governments report must be sent to most representativeworkers and employers organizations

42


43/133

tqdkywifjyjcif;qdkwmtqdkywifjyjcif;qdkwmtqdkywifjyjcif;qdkwmtqdkywifjyjcif;qdkwm bmvJbmvJbmvJbmvJ

xyfrHwifoGif;xm;aom jyXmef;csufrsm;ESifh t}uHycsufrsm;udk

Oya'tm%m&Sdaom EdkifiHawmftm%mydkif tzGJ@rsm;odk@ wifjyjcif; odk@r[kwfjyXmef;/ t}uHycsufrsm; xda&mufr_ &Sdvm&ef ta&;,laqmif&Gufjcif;

tpdk;&rsm;u tqdkywifjyr_ tpD&ifcHpmudk ILO odk@ ay;ydk@&rnf?

tpdk;&. tpD&ifcHpm rdwWLudk tvkyf&SifESifh tvkyform; tzGJ@rsm;. udk,fpm;jyKudk,fpm;vS,frsm;xHodk@ ay;ydk@&rnf?

43


44/133

Submission: why ?

Obtaining a decision from the competent authorities on action

to take

Submission must be accompanied by a statement of the governments

view

(C. 144 = consultation !)

Legislature should hold debate

Informing and mobilizing public opinion, thus submission to

the legislative assembly even when

this assembly is not vested with legislative power or

the instrument does not require legislative action

44


45/133

bmabmabmabma====umifhumifhumifhumifh tqdkytqdkytqdkytqdky wifjy&wmvnfwifjy&wmvnfwifjy&wmvnfwifjy&wmvnf;;;;

vkyfydkifcGifh&Sdaom tm%mydkifrsm;xHrS ta&;,laqmif&Guf&ef qkH;jzwfcsuf&,ljcif; tqdkywifjyjcif;wGif tpdk;&.oabmxm;tjrif azmfjycsuf yg&rnf?

(jyXmef;csuf 144 ] wdkifyifESD;aESmjcif;)

Oya'ytzGJ@onf vGyfvyfpGm aqG;aEG;jiif;ckHEdkifonf

atmufygtajctaersm;wGif jynfolwdk@. oabmxm;udk &,l+yD; Oya'ynDvmcHodk@ wifoGif;Ekdifonf TOya'ytzGJ@u Oya'ytm%m r&SdcJhv#if (odk@)

pmwrf;onf Oya'y&ef

45


46/133

Submission: when ?

DG sends a certified copy of the authentic text of the

instruments to the Government

Labour and/ or foreign affairs ministers

Submission within 12 or, in exceptional circumstances, 18

months of adoption for

Unitary states Federal states that consider the Convention or Recommendation

appropriate for federal action

Submission within 18 months for federal states if constituent

states are competent to deal with the matter

46


47/133

b,ftcsdefb,ftcsdefb,ftcsdefb,ftcsdef tqdkywifjy&wmvJtqdkywifjy&wmvJtqdkywifjy&wmvJtqdkywifjy&wmvJ

!$ef/csKyf u pmwrf;. rl&if;rdwWLrSefudk ay;ydk@onf?

tpdk;&tzGJ@. tvkyform;ESifh odk@r[kwf EdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;rsm;odk@ wifoGif;

12 v twGif; tqdkywifjyjcif; odk@r[kwf xl;jcm;aom atmufygtajctaersm;twGuf tqdkyv$m vufcHcsrSwf+yD; (18) vtwGif; twnfyonf

wjynfaxmif EdkifiHrsm;

jynfaxmifpktaejzifh oifhawmfaomjyXmef;/t}uHycsufrsm;udk pOf;pm;&ef jynfaxmifpkEdkifiHrsm; jy\em&yfudk aqmif&Guf&ef pGrf;tif&Sdonfh

jynfe,fEdkifiHrsm;twGuf (18) v twGif; tqdkywifjy&ef

47


48/133

Art. 19 Reports: Features in respect of unratified Convs & Recoms, by topic

every year the ILO Governing Body selects a different subject

matter follows a report form from the GB

Govt reports due by 1 April of the year for which the GB has

requested the report Committee of Experts analyses reports with comments in a

General Survey

48


49/133

yk'fryk'fryk'fryk'fr 19191919 tpD&ifcHpmtpD&ifcHpmtpD&ifcHpmtpD&ifcHpm//// vuQ%m&yfrsmvuQ%m&yfrsmvuQ%m&yfrsmvuQ%m&yfrsm;;;; twnfryxm;aom jyXmef;/t}uHycsufrsm;. acgif;pOftvdkuf

ESpfpOf ILO tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@u uGJjym;aom ta=umif;t&mudpPudk

a&G;cs,fonf

tkyf/zGJ@ . tpD&ifcHpm ykHpHudk vdkufem&onf/

tkyf/zGJ@ u yef=um;xm;aom tpD&ifcHpmudk tpdk;&u ESpfpOf {+yDv (1)&ufae@ aemufqkH;xm; ay;ydk@&onf?

a,sbk,s pDppfjcif; wGif u|rf;usifolrsm; aumfrwDu tpD&ifcHpmudka0zefokH;oyfI rSwfcsufrsm; azmfjyonf?

49


50/133

Art. 19 Reports: Purpose

to document comparative law and practice on a topic of

current interest

to renew interest in an important, but forgotten standard

to identify obstacles to ratification

e.g. verify if certain provisions are too prescriptive

to establish need for renewed promotion or revision of theinstruments concerned

50

ff ff D f HD f HD f HD f H f f ff f ff f ff f f


51/133

yk'fryk'fryk'fryk'fr 19191919 tpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsm; &; &; &; &nf&G,fcsufnf&G,fcsufnf&G,fcsufnf&G,fcsuf

vwfwavm tusKd;&Sdap&ef acgif;pOfjzifh Oya'ESifh vufawG@tokH;csr_wdk@udkE_dif;,SOf rSwfwrf;ypkjcif;

ta&;}uD;aomfvnf; usefvSyfaeonfh pHE_ef;rsm;. tusKd;rsm;udkjyefvnfqef;opfjcif;

w&m;0ifjzpfatmif twnfy&mwGif ay:aygufvmonfh tcuftcJrsm;udkazmfxkwfjcif;

Oyrm- tcsKd@jyXmef;csufrsm;onf usOf;ajrmif;vGef;aeovm;[k pkHprf;jcif;

oufqdkif&m pmwrf;rsm;tm; jyefvnfjyifqifjcif; odk@r[kwf xyfrHqef;opftm;ay;jcif; twGuf vdktyfcsufudk azmfxkwfjcif;

51


52/133

Art. 19 Reports: Topics

2002 Protection of Wages C., 1949 (No. 95)

2003 Employment Policy C., 1964 (No. 122) & R. 122, 169& 189 (Job Creation in SMEs)

2004 Hours of Work (Industry) C., 1919 (No. 1) & theHours of Work (Commerce and Offices) C., 1930 (No. 30)

2005 Labour Inspection C., 1947 (No. 81) & LabourInspection C., 1969 (No. 129)

2006 Forced Labour C., 1930 (No. 29) & Abolition ofForced Labour C., 1957 (No. 105)

2007 Labour Clauses (Public Contracts), 1949 (No. 94) 2008 Occupational Safety and Health C., 1981 (No. 155)

52

'f'f'f'f 199919 tpD&ifcHpm smt D f H st D f H stpD&ifcHpm sm;; acgif;pOf smg f f sg f f sacgif;pOf sm;;


53/133

yk'ryk'ryk'ryk'r 19191919 tp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsm;;;; ---- acgi;pOrsmacgi;pOrsmacgi;pOrsmacgi;pOrsm;;;;

2002- vkyftm;crsm; tumtuG,fay;jcif;/ jyXmef;csuf-1949 (trSwf 95)

2003- tvkyfcef@xm;r_qdkif&m rl0g' jyXmef;csuf-1946 (trSwf 122) ESifh t}uH 122-196 ESifh 189 (SME rsm;Y tvkyftudkif azmfxkwfjcif;)

2004- tvkyfcsdef (pufr_vkyfief;) (jy)-1919 (trSwf 1) ESifh tvkyfcsdefrsm; (0gdZ ESifh &kH;rsm;) (jy)-1930 (trSwf 30)

2005- vkyfief;qdkif&m ppfaq;jcif; (jy)-1947 (trSwf 81) ESifh

vkyfief;qdkif&mppfaq;jcif; (jy)-1969 (trSwf 129)

2006- t"rRtvkyfapcdkif;r_ (jy)-1930 (trSwf 29) ESifh

t"rR tvkyfapcdkif;r_ zsufodrf;jcif; (jy)-1957 (trSwf 105)

2007- tvkyfqdkif&mursm; (tpdk;& ydnmOf) 1949 (trSwf 94)

2008- vkyfief;cGif ab;tEW&m,f uif;&Sif;a&;ESifh usef;rma&; (jy)-1981 (trSwf 155)(jy) ] jyXmef;csuf

53


54/133

Ratification

Formal requirements: must clearly identify the Convention, be

an original document, signed by a person with authority to

engage the State, and clearly convey the intention to be bound

Compulsory declaration to be included for certain Conventions

Optional declarations as to the use of permitted exclusions,

exceptions or modifications

Entry into force: one year after ratification is registered

54

w&m;0iftwnfyjcif;w&m;0iftwnfyjcif;w&m;0iftwnfyjcif;w&m;0iftwnfyjcif;


55/133

w&m;0itwnyjci;w&m;0itwnyjci;w&m;0itwnyjci;w&m;0itwnyjci;

w&m;0if vkdtyfcsufrsm;- jyXmef;csufudk xif&Sm;pGm azmfjy&rnf/

,cifu r&Sdbl;aomrSwfwrf; jzpf&rnf/ EdkifiHawmftqifh tm%mydkifu

vufrSwfa&;xdk;&rnf/ vdkufemaqmif&Guf&rnfh &nf&G,fcsufudk &Sif;vif;pGmjyo&rnf/

tcsKd@ jyXmef;csufrsm;twGuf rjzpfrae azmfjy&rnfh a=ujimcsuf

cGifhyxm;aom cif;csufrsm;/ odk@r[kwf jyifqifcsufrsm; tokH;yjcif;twGufa&G;cs,fI&aom a=ujimcsufrsm;

vufawG@oufa&mufr_- w&m;0iftwnfyjcif;/ rSwfykHwif+yD; wESpft=um

55


56/133

Reports Ratified Conventions

Based on article 22 of the Constitution

Periodic reports: Two-yearly reports: 8 fundamental Conventions, 4 priority

ones

Five-yearly reports: other Conventions Exemption from reporting for certain outdated Conventions

Must reach the Office between 1 June and 1 September

56

tpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsm;;;;---- twnfyxm;aomtwnfyxm;aomtwnfyxm;aomtwnfyxm;aom jyXmef;csufrsmjyXmef;csufrsmjyXmef;csufrsmjyXmef;csufrsm;;;;


57/133

tp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsm;;;;---- twnyxm;aomtwnyxm;aomtwnyxm;aomtwnyxm;aom jyXme;csursmjyXme;csursmjyXme;csursmjyXme;csursm;;;;

tajccHzGJ@pnf;ykH/ yk'fr 22 ay: tajccHonf

ykHrSef tpD&ifcHpmrsm;

ESpfESpfw}udrf tpD&ifcHpmrsm;- tajccHjyXmef;csuf 8 ck/ OD;pm;ay; jyXmef;csuf4 ck

ig;ESpfw}udrf tpD&ifcHpmrsm;- tjcm;jyXmef;csufrsm; acwfESifh ravsmfnDaom jyXmef;csufwcsKd@twGuf tpD&ifcHpm uif;vGwfjcif;

ZGefv (1) &ufESifh pufwifbmv (1) &uf t=um;wGif &kH;odk@a&muf&rnf?

57


58/133


First report due one year after the entry into force

form approved by the Governing Body

Copies of relevant laws and regulations

Position on permitted exclusions, exceptions or Detailed

report

Must reply to all questions set out in the report

Information on application in practice

58



59/133

tp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsmtp&icpmrsm;;;;---- twnyxm;aomtwnyxm;aomtwnyxm;aomtwnyxm;aom jyXme;csursmjyXme;csursmjyXme;csursmjyXme;csursm;;;;

yxrqkH; tpD&ifcHpmonf tzGJ@0ifa&muf+yD; wESpft=umwGifpwif&rnf?

tkyf/zGJ@ rS twnfyxm;aom ykHpH oufqdkifaom Oya'ESifh pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;. rdwWLrsm;

cGifhyxm;aomcif;csuf/ uif;vGwfcGifh odk@r[kwf tao;pdwf

tpD&ifcHpmESifh ywfoufaom oabmxm; tpD&ifcHpmwGif ar;jref;xm;aom ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajz=um;&rnf/

vufawG@usifhokH;r_ESifh ywfoufaom owif;tcsuftvuf

59


60/133


Subsequent reports

Simplified: indicate minor changes, provides informationon practical application

Detailed: in reply to comments made by the CEACR can

be out of reporting cycle in case of failure to report or to

reply to earlier comments (footnote of the CEACR or the

Conference Committee)

60

D f HD f HD f HD f H ffff j f fj f fj f fj f f


61/133


aemufqufwGJaemufqufwGJaemufqufwGJaemufqufwGJ tpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsmtpD&ifcHpmrsm;;;;

&Sif;vif;atmifyvkyfjcif;- tao;tzGJ@ ajymif;vJr_rsm; azmfjy/ vufawG@usifhokH;r_ESifh ywfoufaom owif;tcsuftvufazmfjy

tao;pdwf azmfjyjcif;- CEAR . rSwfcsufrsm;udk ajz=um;jcif;

tpD&ifcH&ef ysufuGufjcif; odk@r[kwf tapmydkif;rSwfcsufrsm;udkajz=um;&ef ysufuGufjcif; jzpfygu tpD&ifcHpm wifoGif;csdefrsm;ESifhrudkufnDEdkifyJ jzpfEdkifonf/ (CEAR odk@ nDvmcH aumfrwD.

atmufajcrSwfpk)

61

R i ( 24 C )


62/133

Representation (art 24 Constn)

Can be filed by national or international organizations

of workers or employers examination

by a tripartite committee (3 members), reporting to the

Governing Body (GB) on the basis of written information

representation

reply, if any, of the Government

62

ud,fpm;yud,fpm;yud,fpm;yud,fpm;y azmfjyjcifazmfjyjcifazmfjyjcifazmfjyjcif; (; (; (; (y'fry'fry'fry'fr 24242424 tajccHOyatajccHOyatajccHOyatajccHOya')')')')


63/133

uk,pm;yuk,pm;yuk,pm;yuk,pm;y azmjyjciazmjyjciazmjyjciazmjyjci; (; (; (; (yk'ryk'ryk'ryk'r 24242424 tajccOyatajccOyatajccOyatajccOya')')')')

tvkyform; odk@r[kwf tvkyf&Sifrsm;.EdkifiH odk@r[kwf EdkifiHwumtzGJ@rsm;rS owfrSwfEdkifonf/

avhvmppfaq;jcif;

okH;yGifhqdkif aumfrwD (tzGJ@0if 3 OD;) rS pmjzifh a&;om;xm;aomowif;tcsuftvufudk tkyf/zGJ@ odk@ tpD&ifcHjcif; udk,fpm;y azmfjyjcif;

tpdk;&udk jyefvnfajz=um;jcif; (ajz=um;p&m&Sdv#if)

63

A t 24 P d


64/133

Art. 24 Procedure

(1) Office informs the Government and sends the

representation to the GB

(2) Officers of the GB report to the GB on fulfillment of

conditions of receivablity

writing

workers or employers organization

reference to art. 24 ILO Constitution

against an ILO member State

(and ex-member State)

that has ratified the Convention indication of violation of the Convention

64

yk'fryk'fryk'fryk'fr 24242424 vkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;;;;


65/133

kk kk 24242424 k k k enk k k enk k k enk k k en

(1) ILO &kH;rS tpdk;&odk@ ta=umif;=um;I udk,fpm;y azmfjycsufudk tkyf/zGJ@odk@ ay;ydk@onf?

(2) tkyf/zGJ@ t&m&Sdrsm;u tkyfzGJ@odk@ vufcHEdkifzG,f&m tajctaersm; jynfhpkHjcif;&Sdr&Sd tpD&ifcHonf

pma&;om;azmfjyjcif;

tvkyform; (odk@) tvkyf&Sifrsm;. tzGJ@rsm;

yk'fr 24 ILO zGJ@pnf;ykHodk@ udk;um;

ILO tzGJ@0ifEdkifiHodk@ OD;wnfI (tzGJ@0ifa[mif;odk@)

jyXmef;csufudk twnfyxm;aom

jyXmef;csufudk azmufzsufa=umif; !$ef;qdkaom

65

Art 24 Proced re


66/133

Art. 24 Procedure

(3) tripartite Committee with GB members OR reference to the

Committee on Freedom of Association

(4) tripartite committee conducts private examination, and

proposes to the GB conclusions and recommendations, but

committee may hear complainant

government may request to be heard

direct contacts

66

ykykykyk''''frfrfrfr 24242424 vkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;;;;


67/133

kk kk 24242424 k k k enk k k enk k k enk k k en

(3) okH;yGifhqdkifaumfrwD (odk@) vGyfvyfpGm toif;tyif;zGJ@pnf;a&;

aumfrwDodk@ &nf!$ef;csuf (4) okH;yGifhqdkifaumfrwDu oD;jcm;avhvm ppfaq;r_yvkyfI

awG@&Sdaom aumufcsufESifh t}uHycsufrsm;udk tkyf/zGJ@ odk@

wifjyonf/ odk@aomf aumfrwDonf wdkif=um;csufrsm;udk =um;Edkifonf/

tpdk;&onfvnf;

=um;emcGifh&&ef

wdkuf&kduf qufoG,faqmif&GufcGifh&&ef awmif;qdkEdkif =um;Edkifonf/

67

Art 24 Procedure


68/133

Art. 24 Procedure

(5) GB considers the matter in private in the presence of the

Government

(6) GB decides on whether to publish the representation and

the reply, if any, in the Official Bulletin

GB can at any moment decide to have the representation further

examined under the complaints procedure

e.g. C.111 Germany

(7) Office notifies the decisions of the GB to the Government

and the complainant

68

yk'fryk'fryk'fryk'fr 24242424 vkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenfvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;;;;


69/133

(5) tkyf/zGJ@ onf tpdk;&tzGJ@. a&S@arSmufwGif jy\emudk oD;jcm;aqG;aEG;a&;udkpOf;pm;onf

(6) tkyf/zGJ@ u xkwfa0onfh owif;jzef@csDr_ pmapmifwGif udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJ@wifjycsufESifh jyef=um;csufwdk@udk xnfhoGif;pOf;pm; qkH;jzwfonf/

- tkyf/zGJ@ u wdkif=um;csufrsm; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;twdkif; udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJ@

wifjycsufrsm;udk tcsdefra&G; xyfrHppfaq;&ef qkH;jzwfEdkifonf/ Oyrm- pD111 *smr%D

(7) ILO &kH;u tkyf/zGJ@ . qkH;jzwfcsufrsm;udk tpdk;&ESifh wdkif=um;olwdk@xH

today; ta=umif;=um;onf?

69

Complaint (art 26 ILO Constn)


70/133

Complaint (art. 26 ILO Const n)

Can be filed by

(1) another ratifying Member State

(2) a delegate to the Conference, representing workers or employers

(3) the Governing Body

Examination by Commission of Inquiry

members are appointed by the Governing Body in their personalcapacity (not necessarily tripartite)

70

wdkifwdkifwdkifwdkif====um;csufum;csufum;csufum;csuf ((((yk'fryk'fryk'fryk'fr 26262626 ILO tquftquftquftquf))))


71/133

wdkif=um;Edkifolrsm;rSm

(1) jyXmef;csufudk twnfyxm;aom tzGJ@0ifEdkifiH(2) tvkyform; (odk@) tvkyf&Sifrsm;udk udk,fpm;yonfh nDvmcH

udk,fpm;vS,fwOD;

(3) tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@pkHprf;ppfaq;apkHprf;ppfaq;apkHprf;ppfaq;apkHprf;ppfaq;a&;&;&;&; aumfr&Sifaumfr&Sifaumfr&Sifaumfr&Sif.... avhvmpkHprf;ravhvmpkHprf;ravhvmpkHprf;ravhvmpkHprf;r____

- tzGJ@0ifrsm;udk tkyf/zGJ@ u yk*~Kdvfa&; t&nftcsif;t& cef@tyfonf?

(okH;yGifhqdkifjzpf&ef rvdk)

71

Complaint (art 26 ILO Constn)


72/133

Complaint (art. 26 ILO Const n)

basis COI establishes its own procedure

(evidence, hearing, local visits)

result

(a) report published with recommendations (R)

(b) govt accepts (R) or government does not accept (R) within 3

months

= International Court of Justic

(c) govt does not comply with (R) = any appropriate measures proposed by GB

72

wdkifwdkifwdkifwdkif====um;csufum;csufum;csufum;csuf (yk'fryk'fryk'fryk'fr 26262626 ILO)


73/133

tajccH COI u . vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;udk a&;qGJonf (oufao/=um;emjcif;/ jzpfyGm;&m a'oodk@ oGm;a&mufjcif;)

&vm'f

(u) t}uHycsufrsm; (R) ESifh xkwfa0aom tpD&ifcHpm

(c) tpdk;&u (3) v twGif; (R) udk vufcHjcif;/ vufrcHjcif; ] EdkifiHwum w&m;&kH;

(*) (R) udk tpdk;&u rvdkufavsm

] tkyf/zGJ@ u tqdkyaom oifhawmfaom tpDtrH udk csrSwf

73

Committee on Freedom of Association of GB


74/133


Set up in 1951

originally to examine complaints for referral to Fact-Finding &

Conciliation Committee

but involved without consent of States

it began examining the substance of cases

composition: tripartite 9 Governing Body members

meeting: 3 reports a year

74

tkyftkyftkyftkyf/zGJzGJzGJzGJ@ .@ .@ .@ . vGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGm toif;tyiftoif;tyiftoif;tyiftoif;tyif;;;; zGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcif;;;; aumfrwDaumfrwDaumfrwDaumfrwD


75/133

1951 wGif xlaxmifonf

- tcsuftvuf &SmazGpkaqmif;a&;ESifh aphpyfndE_dif;a&; aumfrwDodk@

v$Jajymif;ay;&eftwGuf yxrOD;pGm wdkif=um;csufrsm;udkppfaq;avhvmonf?

- EdkifiHrsm;. oabmwlnDr_ rygyJ aqmif&Gufonf

- jy\emrsm;. t"duta=umif;udk pwifavhvmonf/zGJ@pnf;xm;ykH- okH;yGifhqdkif- tkyf/zGJ@ 0if 9 OD;

tpnf;ta0;- wESpfv#if tpD&ifcHpm (3) }udrf

75



76/133

C a G

examines

documentary evidence from complaints and replies

sometimes direct contacts

scope of action

76

tkyftkyftkyftkyf/zGJzGJzGJzGJ@ .@ .@ .@ . vGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGm toif;tyiftoif;tyiftoif;tyiftoif;tyif;;;; zGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcifzGJ@pnf;jcif;;;; aumfrwDaumfrwDaumfrwDaumfrwD


77/133

atmufygwdk@udk avhvmppfaq;onf?

wdkif=um;csufrsm;ESifh jyef=um;csufrsm;rS oufao/ rSwfwrf;rSwf&m

wcgw&H wdkuf&kduf xdawG@qufqH

aqmif&Gufr_ e,fy,f

77

CFA - Receivability


78/133

y

which organizations ?

national with direct interest

international with consultative status (IOE, ICFTU, OATUU, WCL,WFTU, ETUC)

international for directly affiliated

NO RATIFICATION REQUIRED

specific infringements, no purely political allegations

no bound by national recognition of unions

not bound by withdrawal of complaint

78

CFA vufcHEdkifrvufcHEdkifrvufcHEdkifrvufcHEdkifr____


79/133

b,ftzGJ@tpnf;awG vufcHovJ- wdkuf&kduftusKd;pD;yGm;&Sdaom EdkifiHtqifh tzGJ@rsm;

- twdkiftyifcH tqifh&Sdaom EdkifiHwum tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;

(IOE, ICFTU, OATUU, WCL, WFTU, ETUC)

- wdkuf&kduf r[mrdwfyxm;aom EdkifiHwumtzGJ@rsm;

w&m;0if twnfy&efrvkd

wdusaom azmufzsufr_rsm;/ EdkifiHa&;pGyfpGJcsufoufouf r&yg/

jynfwGif; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;jzifh tcsdefukef&ef rvdktyf

or*~rsm; udk EdkifiHtqifh todtrSwfyr_jzifh rcsDaESmifxm;yg/ wdkif=um;csufrsm;udk &kyfodrf;jcif;jzifh rcsDaESmifxm;yg/

79

CFA Scope of Action


80/133

no general conclusions

no interpretation of Conventions

no conviction of Governments or levelling of charges

recommendations, to be approved by the Governing Body

no call for further examination

interim or definitive conclusions request to keep informed of progress on specific issues

80

CFA aqmif&Gufr_ e,fy,faqmif&Gufr_ e,fy,faqmif&Gufr_ e,fy,faqmif&Gufr_ e,fy,f


81/133

a,bl,s tESpfcsKyfjcif; r&Sd/

jyXmef;csufrsm;udk t"dy`g,f zGifhjcif;r&Sd

tpdk;&rsm;udk tjypfay;jcif; r&Sd (odk@) pGyfpGJcsufrsm;udk tqifhydkif;jcm;jcif; r&Sd

tkyftkyftkyftkyf/zGJzGJzGJzGJ@ u@ u@ u@ u twnfy&efvdkaomtwnfy&efvdkaomtwnfy&efvdkaomtwnfy&efvdkaom t}uHycsufrsmt}uHycsufrsmt}uHycsufrsmt}uHycsufrsm;;;;

aemufxyf ppfaq;ar;jref;&ef awmif;qdkjcif; r&Sd =um;jzwf (odk@) t"dyg,fzGifhaom tESpfcsKyf

owfrSwfxm;aom udpP&yfrsm;. wdk;wufajymif;vJr_udk avhvmrSwfxm;&ef

arwWm&yfcH

81

Involvement of Employers and Workers


82/133

Organizations

Constitutional obligation of the Govt to communicate copies

of information and reports sent to the ILO to the most

representative organizations (article 23, paragraph 2, of theILO Constitution)

Allows these organizations to the transmit their own views, tothe Government or to the ILO

82

tvkyf&SifESifhtvkyf&SifESifhtvkyf&SifESifhtvkyf&SifESifh tvkyformtvkyformtvkyformtvkyform;;;; tzGJ@tpnf;rsmtzGJ@tpnf;rsmtzGJ@tpnf;rsmtzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. yg0ifywfoufr_;. yg0ifywfoufr_;. yg0ifywfoufr_;. yg0ifywfoufr_


83/133

udk,fpm;yr_trsm;qkH; tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;odk@ ILO odk@ ay;ydk@aomowif;tcsuftvufESifh tpD&ifcHpmrsm;. rdwWLrsm;udk qufoG,fay;ydk@&efzGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya't& wm0ef&S djcif; (ILO zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'.yk'fr 23 tydk'f 2 )

TtzGJ@tpnf;rsm;tm; wdk@. udk,fydkiftjrifrsm;udk tpdk;& (odk@) ILO odk@ay;ydk@&ef cGifhyjcif;

83



84/133

Organizations

Under Convention No. 144, obligation to consult these

organizations on:

Replies to questionnaire and comments on proposed new instruments

Submission of instruments to competent authorities

Re-examination of unratified Conventions and Recommendations

Reports on Ratified Conventions

(according to Recommendation No. 152, on reports on unratified

Conventions and Recommendations as well)

Proposals for denunciation of Conventions

84

tvkyf&SifESifhtvkyf&SifESifhtvkyf&SifESifhtvkyf&SifESifh tvkyformtvkyformtvkyformtvkyform;;;; tzGJ@tpnf;rsmtzGJ@tpnf;rsmtzGJ@tpnf;rsmtzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. yg0ifyufoufr_;. yg0ifyufoufr_;. yg0ifyufoufr_;. yg0ifyufoufr_


85/133

jyXmef;csuftrSwf 144 t& TtzGJ@rsm;ESifh atmufygwdk@udkwdkifyif&ef 0wW&m;&Sdjcif; tqdkyxm;aom pmwrf;topftwGuf ar;cGef;v$mESifh rSwfcsufrsm;udk

jyef=um;jcif;

tm%mydkif tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;odk@ pmwrf;udk wifoGif;jcif;

twnfryxm;aom jyXmef;csufrsm;ESifh t}uHycsufrsm;udkjyefvnfavhvmppfaq;jcif;

twnfyxm;aom jyXmef;csufrsm;ESifh ywfoufonfh tpD&ifcHpmrsm; (t}uHycsuf trSwf 152 t&/ twnfryxm;aom jyXmef;csufrsm;ESifh

t}uHycsufrsm;ESifh ywfoufonfh tpD&ifcHpmrsm;yg) jyXmef;csufrsm; zsufodrf;&ef tqdkyv$mrsm;

85



86/133

Organizations

Any organization of employers or workers (not only the most

representative ones) can make comments on the application of

ratified Conventions At any time

Whether they have been consulted on the Governments report or not

Without any formal requirements (just indicate the Convention dealt

with), by a letter to the Director General of the ILO

86



87/133

rnfonfh tvkyf&Sif (odk@) tvkyform; tzGJ@rqdk (udk,fpm;yr_trsm;qkH;tzGJ@rsm; omruyJ) twnfyxm;aom jyXmef;csufrsm;udk

vufawG@tokH;csykHtm; a0zef t}uHyEdkifonf/

rnfonfhtcsdefrqdk

tpdk;&. tpD&ifcHpmudk wdkifyifjcif; &Sdr&Sd

w&m;0if vdktyfcsufrsm; rygyJ (oufqdkifaom jyXmef;csufrsm;udkom!$ef+yD;) ILO . !$ef=um;a&;r;csKyfxH pmjzifhay;ydk@

87


O i ti


88/133

Organizations

When organizations make comments on the application of

ratified Conventions, these comments are

Transmitted to the Government, which is asked to provide its own

views

Submitted to the CEACR

Mentioned in the report and often reflected in the comments of theCEACR

88



89/133

tzGJ@rsm;u twnfyaom jyXmef;csufrsm;tm;

vufawG@usifhokH;r_tay: a0zeft}uHyEdkifaom tcsufrsm;rSm

. udk,fydkifoabmxm;udkawmif;&ef tpdk;&tm; ay;ydk@jcif;

CEACR odk@ wifjyjcif;

tpD&ifcHpmwGif azmfjyjcif;ESifh CEACR . a0zefcsufwGif azmfjyjcif;

89


90/133

Part III

Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights

at Work (1998) & ILO Fundamental HumanRights Conventions

90



91/133

ILO . tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh. tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh. tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh. tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh tvkyfcGiftvkyfcGiftvkyfcGiftvkyfcGif tcGifhta&;rsm;qdkif&mtcGifhta&;rsm;qdkif&mtcGifhta&;rsm;qdkif&mtcGifhta&;rsm;qdkif&ma=a=a=a=unmcsufunmcsufunmcsufunmcsuf (1998)(1998)(1998)(1998) ESifhESifhESifhESifh

ILO .... tajccHtajccHtajccHtajccH vl@tcGifhta&;rsmvl@tcGifhta&;rsmvl@tcGifhta&;rsmvl@tcGifhta&;rsm;;;; jyXmef;csufjyXmef;csufjyXmef;csufjyXmef;csuf

91

Declaration: Politics ?


92/133

Builds on Berlin, Marrakesh, Copenhagen and Singapore

Reaffirms the constitutional value of ILO FPR in the context

of the global economy

Does not change international labour standards (ILS), but

affirms the pivotal role of FPR in the promotion of ILS

Establishes an official dialogue on FPR channel in the absenceof ratification

Mobilizes resources in support of FPR

92

a=a=a=a=unmcsufunmcsufunmcsufunmcsuf//// EdkifiHa&;ESifhEdkifiHa&;ESifhEdkifiHa&;ESifhEdkifiHa&;ESifh ywfoufovmywfoufovmywfoufovmywfoufovm;;;;


93/133

bmvif/ rm&muuf/ udkAifa[*if ESifh puFmylwGif tajccHonf

urBmvkH;qdkif&m pD;yGm;a&;tajctaersm;ESifh vdkufavsmnDaxGjzpfatmif

ILO FPR . tajccHzGJ@pnf;ykH wefzdk;rsm;udk jyefvnftwnfy tjynfjynfqdkif&m tvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm;udk rajymif;vJ odk@aomf

xdkpHE_ef;rsm; tm;ay;jrifhwif&mwGif FPR . ta&;}uD;aom tcef;uudk

twnfy twnfyEdkifjcif; r&Sdaom umvwGif FPR . vrf;a=umif;jzifh

w&m;0ifaqG;aEG;r_rsm;yvkyf

FPR udkaxmufcHI t&if;tjrpfrsm; pkaqmif;

93

Declaration: economics ?


94/133

Economic growth is essential but not sufficient to ensure

equity, social progress and the eradication of poverty

In seeking to maintain the link between social progress andeconomic growth, the guarantee of fundamental principles and

rights at work is of particular significance in that it enables the

persons concerned to claim freely and on the basis ofequality

of opportunity theirfair share of the wealth which they have

helped to generate, and to achieve fully their human potential

94

a=a=a=a=unmcsufunmcsufunmcsufunmcsuf//// pD;yGm;a&;ESifhpD;yGm;a&;ESifhpD;yGm;a&;ESifhpD;yGm;a&;ESifh ywfoufovmywfoufovmywfoufovmywfoufovm;;;;


95/133

pD;yGm;a&;wdk;wufr_onf ta&;}uD;rnf/ odk@aomf r#wr_ vlr_b0wdk;wufr_ESifh qif;&JrGJawr_ wdkufzsufa&;wdk@udk tmrcH&ef rvkHavmuf

vlr_b0wdk;wufr_ESifh pD;yGm;a&;zGH@z;r_wdk@t=um;&Sd qufoG,fr_udkxdef;odrf;&ef tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh tvkyfcGif tcGifhta&;rsm;udk tmrcHr_onf

txl;ta&;}uD;rnf/ rS oufqdkifaomolrsm;tm; wef;wlnDr#aomtcGifhtvrf;rsm; tajccHay:wGif wdk@. r#wonfh "e a0pkudk(wdk@wlnD azmfxkwfcJhaom) vGyfvyfpGm awmif;qdk&efESifh [email protected];. pGrf;&nfjzpfEdkifajc&Sdoa&G@ jynfh0&ef ta&;}uD;jcif; jzpfonf?

95

Declaration and Constitution


96/133

All ILO Member States have an obligation to respect, promote

and realize the fundamental principles and rights.

This obligation derives from the ILO Constitution, which

countries accept when they join the Organization.

Fundamental

Principles and

Rights

96

a=a=a=a=unmcsufESifhunmcsufESifhunmcsufESifhunmcsufESifh tajccHzGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHzGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHzGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHzGJ@pnf;ykH


97/133

ILO tzGJ@0ifEdkifiHtm;vkH;onf tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh tcGifhta&;rsm;udkav;pm;&ef tm;ay;jrifhwif&efESifh vufawG@taumiftxnfazmf&ef

wm0ef&Sdonf?

Twm0efonf EdkifiHrsm;u ILO 0ifaomtcg vufcHxm;aomtajccHzGJ@pnf;ykHrS qif;oufonf?

tajccHrlrsmtajccHrlrsmtajccHrlrsmtajccHrlrsm;;;;

ESifhESifhESifhESifhtcGifhta&;rsmtcGifhta&;rsmtcGifhta&;rsmtcGifhta&;rsm;;;;

97

The Declaration and Follow-up: Key Features


98/133

Is promotional in nature

Is NOT to be used for protectionist purposes, nor to question

comparative advantage of countries (paragraph 5 of the

Declaration)

Supports member States in their efforts to realize principles

& rights

98

a=a=a=a=unmcsufESifhunmcsufESifhunmcsufESifhunmcsufESifh aemufqufwGJaemufqufwGJaemufqufwGJaemufqufwGJ t"dut"dut"dut"du toGiftjyifrsmtoGiftjyifrsmtoGiftjyifrsmtoGiftjyifrsm;;;;


99/133

obm0t& tm;ay;wdk;wufonfh oabm &Sdonf

tusKd;pD;yGm;umuG,fa&; &nf&G,fcsufjzifh tokH;cs&efr[kwf (odk@)wdkif;jynfrsm;. tm;omcsufrsm;udk E_dif;,SOfar;cGef;xkwf&efr[kwf(a=ujimcsuf tydk'f 5)

rl0g'rsm;ESifh tcGifhta&;rsm;udk taumiftxnfazmf&ef tzGJ@0ifEdkifiHrsm;.tm;xkwfr_udk axmufcHtm;ay;&ef jzpfonf

99


100/133

tajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifhtajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifhtajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifhtajccHrl0g'rsm;ESifh tvkyfcGiftvkyfcGiftvkyfcGiftvkyfcGif tcGifhta&;rsmtcGifhta&;rsmtcGifhta&;rsmtcGifhta&;rsm;.;.;.;. trsKd;tpmtrsKd;tpmtrsKd;tpmtrsKd;tpm; 4 ck; 4 ck; 4 ck; 4 ck


101/133

vGyfvyfpGm toif;tzGJ@ zGJ@pnf;cGifhESifh pkaygif;ndE_dif; ta&;qdkr_ tcGifhta&;udk

xda&mufpGm todtrSwfyr_ t"rR tvkyfapcdkif;r_ (odk@) rvkyfrae& vkyfudkif&jcif;ykHpHtm;vkH;udk

zsufodrf;jcif;

uav;tvkyform;udk xda&mufpGm zsufodrf;a&;

tvkyftudkifcef@vma&; tvkyf&&Sda&;ESifh ywfoufI cGJjcm;qufqHr_rsm;udkzsufodrf;a&;

101


102/133

Part IV

ILO Fundamental

Conventions

102

As of 1 September 2007 / ILO: 181 Member States

Year No. Official Title Ratifications


103/133

Year No. Official Title Ratifications

1930 29 Forced Labour (172)

1948 87 Freedom of Association and Protection ofthe Right to Organize (148)

1949 98 Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining (158)

1951 100 Equal Remuneration (164)

1957 105 Abolition of Forced Labour (170)

1958 111 Discrimination (Employment & Occupation) (166)

1973 138 Minimum Age (150)

1999 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour (165)

103


104/133

2002199920061990China

(1919/25)

182138105111100988729


105/133

20001959196419721972Canada

(1919/30)

19991991US

(1934/14)

200120001967195319651932Japan

(1919/48)

2001199919981997Rokorea

(1991/22)

105

Ratification FHR Conv. in AP


106/133

Ratification of all 8 FHRC consistently well below world

average, although

> 50% of ratifications since 1995 25% child labour, starting 1997

Freedom of association & CB Conventions lag behind, in

particular in terms of population (China, India, Vietnam,Thailand, IR Iran, Rokorea)

Forced labour Conventions lag behind in transition economies

106

FHR jyXmef;csuftayjyXmef;csuftayjyXmef;csuftayjyXmef;csuftay:::: oabmwloabmwloabmwloabmwl vufrSwfa&;xdk;jcifvufrSwfa&;xdk;jcifvufrSwfa&;xdk;jcifvufrSwfa&;xdk;jcif;;;;

FHRC 8 ckvkH; jyXmef;vufrSwf a&;xdk;&mwGif urBmysrf;r#f j f f f f f d


107/133

k k j X e S & k & G B s #ta&twGuftm;jzifh- 1995 ckESpfwGif oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xdk;r_rSm 50&mcdkif;E_ef;atmuf &Sdonf

uav;tvkyform;ESifh ywfouf+yD; 1997 ckESpfrS pEdkifaomfvnf;vufrSwfa&;xdk;r_ 25 &mcdkifE_ef;yJ&SdcJh

vlOD;a&ta&twGufESifh ywfouf+yD; vkyfaqmifonfhtcgrSmvnf;

tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; vGyfvyfcGifhESifh CB jyXmef;csufwdk@onfaemufususefcJhonf

txl;ojzifh (w&kyf/ tdENd,/ AD,uferf/ xdkif;/ tD&ef/ udk;&D;,m;) pD;yGm;a&;toGiful;ajymif;onfh EdkifiHawGrSmvnf; t"rRvkyftm;ay; jyXmef;csufudpP&yfawGrSmvnf; aemufususefcJhw,f

107

Freedom of Association C. 87


108/133

E & W should be free to defend and further their interests through independent

organizations to select the type of organization they think is appropriate

to elect their representatives

to join national / international federations

not to see their organizations dissolved than by an independentjudicial authority

to have their organizations protected against an arbitraryapplication of law and order

to organize the activities of their organizations (includinggoing on strike)

108

vGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGmvGyfvyfpGm toif;tzGJ@rsmtoif;tzGJ@rsmtoif;tzGJ@rsmtoif;tzGJ@rsm;;;; zGJ@pnf;cGifhzGJ@pnf;cGifhzGJ@pnf;cGifhzGJ@pnf;cGifh C 87

tvkyf&SifESifh tvkyform; vGyfvyfr_ &SdrSomv#if wdk@. tusKd;pD;yGm;udk


109/133

k &S S h k G _ &S S # k@ sK G kvGyfvyfaom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; zGJ@pnf;jcif;jzifh umuG,fEdkifonf?

rnfonfhtzGJ@tpnf; ykHpHrsKd;onf rdrdwdk@ESifh oifhavsmfaom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;

jzpfonfudk a&G;cs,f Edkifonf? wdk@ udk,fpm;vS,frsm;udk a&G;cs,fEdkifonf? EdkifiHvkH;qdkif&mESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m tzGJ@csKyfwdk@wGif tzGJ@0if jzpfEdkifonf?

vGyfvyfaom w&m;pD&ifa&;qdkif&m tm%mydkifwdk@rSvGJIwdk@tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;tm; rnfolr# zsufodrf;ydkifcGifh r&SdEdkif? w&m;r#waom Oya'rsm;ESifh trdef@rsm;rS wdk@. tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk

umuG,fay;Edkifonf?

oydwfarSmufjcif; tygt0if v_yf&Sm;aqmif&Gufjcif;rsm;udk [email protected]@tpnf;rsm;u aqmif&GufEdkifrnf?

109

Collective bargaining C. 98


110/133

the law must protect workers against acts of anti-union

discrimination by employers

the law must protect workers against acts of interference byemployers

the Government must operate machinery to ensure that the law

protecting workers against anti-union discrimination is

complied with

the Government must promote collective bargaining to

determine terms and conditions of work

110

pkaygif;ndpkaygif;ndpkaygif;ndpkaygif;ndE_difE_difE_difE_dif;;;; ta&;qdkjcifta&;qdkjcifta&;qdkjcifta&;qdkjcif;;;; C 98


111/133

tvkyf&Sifrsm;rSaeI tvkyform;or*~rsm; qef@usifa&; cGJjcm;qufqHr_rvkyfEdkifap&ef Oya't& tvkyform;wdk@tm; tumtuG,f ay;&rnf?

tvkyf&SifrSaeI tvkyform;rsm;tay: pGufzufcs,fvS,fjcif; r&Sdap&efOya'rS tumtuG,f ay;&rnf?

tvkyform;or*~ cGJjcm;qufqHr_ESifh ywfoufI tvkyform;rsm;tm;

Oya't& umuG,fr_ay;onfh ,EW&m;udk tpdk;&rS vnfywfap&rnf? tvkyfESifhywfoufonfh qkH;jzwfcsufrsm;udk qkH;jzwfEdkif&eftwGuf

pkaygif;ndE_dif; ta&;qdkjcif;udk tpdk;&rS jrifhwifay;&rnf jzpfonf?

111

Collective bargaining C. 98


112/133

States must promote voluntary collective bargaining between

employers and workers as a means of regulating terms &

conditions of employment through collective agreements Bargaining () not legislating () is

the proper way of determining price and contents of labour

Collective bargaining must be preferred over individual bargaining if

workers so want Further standards are laid down in the Collective Bargaining

Convention (No. 154), 1981

112

pkaygif;ndpkaygif;ndpkaygif;ndpkaygif;ndE_difE_difE_difE_dif;;;; ta&;qdkjcifta&;qdkjcifta&;qdkjcifta&;qdkjcif;;;; C 98

g f D f d f f f f fI f f f d


113/133

pkaygif;oabmwlnDr_rS tvkyftudkifcef@xm;a&;ESifh ywfoufI owfrSwfcsufrsm;udkcsrSwfa&;twGuf rdrdwdk@qENtavsmuf tvkyf&SifESifh tvkyform;=um;wGif aqmif&Guf&ef

pkaygif;ndE_dif; ta&;qdkr_udk tpdk;&rS jrifhwiftm;ay;&rnf? ndE_dif;ta&;qdkjcif;onf Oya'yjcif;r[kwf/ aps;E_ef;ESifh tvkyform;a&;&mESifh ywfoufI

qkH;jzwf&mwGif rSefuefpGm enf;vrf;usap&ef jzpfonf?

tvkyform;rsm;rS vdkvm;v#if wOD;csif; awmif;qdkndE_dif;r_xuf pkaygif;ndE_dif;vkyfaqmifjcif;udk OD;pm;ay; aqmif&Guf&rnf?

ydkrdkus,fjyef@aom pHE_ef;rsm;udk pkaygif;ndE_dif; ta&;qdkr_ trSwf 154/ 1981 ckESpfwGifcsrSwfxm;onf?

113

Forced Labour C. 29

D fi i C 29 id i l f C 29/C 105


114/133

Define in C. 29, identical for C. 29/C. 105

does not cover one specific situation, but a qualitative characteristic of

potentially every working (or even non-working) relationship Contains three elements

all work or service

which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty

and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily

114

t"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcift"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcift"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcift"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcif;;;; C 29

C 29 d d g f f f C 29/C . f f f j f f


115/133

C 29 udk t"dy`g,fzGifhr_onf C 29/C . 105 ESifh xyfwlxyfr# jzpfonf?

tajcaew&yfudk rcHikHrdap&ef odk@aomf vkyfief;tm;vkH; qufEG,faer_wGif

t&nftcsif; vuQ%m&yf toD;oD;udk cHikH&ef tvm;tvm &Sdonf?

tcsuftvuf (3) ck tygt0if

tvkyftm;vkH; (odk@) 0efaqmifr_ ---

+cdrf;ajcmufr_ESifh '%fcwfr_jzifh vkyftm;udk &,ljcif;

azmfjyygolonf . oabmqENtavsmufvkyfr_ r[kwfjcif;

115

IS NOT Forced Labour (C. 29)

l ilit i f k f l ilit


116/133

compulsory military service for work of a purely military

character

minor communal services normal civic obligations

prison labour: work or service exacted as a consequence of a

conviction in a court of law (provided ) emergency

116

t"rRtvkyfapcdkif;rt"rRtvkyfapcdkif;rt"rRtvkyfapcdkif;rt"rRtvkyfapcdkif;r____ r[kwfjcifr[kwfjcifr[kwfjcifr[kwfjcif;;;; C 29

ppfr_a&;&mESifhom vkH;0oufqdkifonfh ppfr_rxrf;rae&


117/133

wm0efxrf;aqmifr_

vkyftm;ay;r_ tao;pm;rsm; EdkifiHom;wdk@. wm0eft& vkyfaqmif&rnfh omrefwm0efrsm;

tusOf;om;vkyftm;- w&m;&kH;rS pD&ifcsufcsxm;onfhjypf'%ft& vkyf&onfhtvkyf odk@r[kwf 0efaqmifr_

ta&;ay:tajctae

117

No Forced Labour, never (C. 105)

Forced Labour for political mainstreaming


118/133

Forced Labour for political mainstreaming

Forced Labour for purposes of economic development

as a means of labour discipline

as a punishment for having participated in a strike

as a means of racial, social, national or religious

discrimination

118

rnfonfhaomtcgrrnfonfhaomtcgrrnfonfhaomtcgrrnfonfhaomtcgr#### t"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcift"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcift"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcift"rRtvkyfapcdkif;jcif;;;; ryryryry&&&& C 105


119/133

t"duusonfh EdkifiHa&; vkyfief;&yfrsm;twGuf t"rRtvkyf

cdkif;apjcif; pD;yGm;a&; zGH@z;wdk;wuf&ef &nf&G,fcsufESifh t"rRcdkif;apjcif;rsKd;

tvkyform; pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;t& t"dy`g,foufa&mufr_rsKd;

oydwfarSmufqef@usifjcif;wGif yg0ifjcif;a=umifh jypf'%fay;jcif;ykHpHrsKd;

vlrsKd;a&; vlr_a&; EdkifiHa&; bmoma&; taejzifhESdrfhcscGJjcm;vkyfonfh ykHpHrsKd;

119

Equal Remuneration C. 100

1 To bring member States to promote and to ensure equal


120/133

1. To bring member States to promote and to ensure equal

remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal

value 2. To promote acceptance that the contents of the job, and not

the sex of the worker, is the correct basis for the calculation

and payment of remuneration

120

wlnDaomwlnDaomwlnDaomwlnDaom vkyftm;cvkyftm;cvkyftm;cvkyftm;c ay;jcifay;jcifay;jcifay;jcif;;;; C 100


121/133

1? usm;r vkyfom;rsm;. wlnDaom tvkyfwefzdk;ay:wGif tajccHIwlnDr#waom vkyftm;crsm; &&Sda&;twGuf tzGJ@0ifEdkifiHrsm;taejzifhjrifhwifaqmif&Guf&rnf?

2? vkyftm;crsm;ay;&ef wGufcsufonfhtcgwGif rSefuefonfhtajccHrsm;jzpfonfh tvkyfESifhom ywfoufonfudk axmuf&SL+yD; usm;rrcGJjcm;yJ owfrSwfjcif;rsKd;udk jrifhwifjcif;tm; vufcH&rnf?

121

Equal Remuneration C. 100

C 100 requires action & acknowledgement


122/133

C. 100 requires action & acknowledgement

that indirect and direct discrimination does occur against

women,

that discrimination must be eliminated,

and that the correction entails an analysis of pay systems

and establishment of corrective mechanisms

122

wlnDaomwlnDaomwlnDaomwlnDaom vkyftm;cay;jcifvkyftm;cay;jcifvkyftm;cay;jcifvkyftm;cay;jcif;;;; C 100

C 100 f g d d f f f f d f f


123/133

C 100 t& atmufygwdk@udk aqmif&Guf&efESifh todtrSwfy&efvdktyfonf?

trsKd;orD;wdk@tay: wdkuf&kduf (odk@) oG,f0dkufI cGJjcm;ESdrfhcsjcif;rsKd;rsm; vkyfaqmifjcif;r&Sdap&?

xdkodk@ cGJjcm;ESdrfhcs owfrSwfjcif;rsm; yaysmufap&rnf?

vkyftm;cay;jcif;tm; jyefvnfpDppf okH;oyfI rSefuefaom,EW&m;udktaumiftxnf azmfjcif; rSefuefpGm aqmif&Gufjcif;rsm;wGif yg0ifap&rnf?

123

Equality at Work C. 111

States must declare & pursue a national policy designed to promoteequality of opportunity & treatment in employment & occupation

P ti lit t k ti th t l f ll d l


124/133

Promoting equality at work means promoting that people can fully develop

their human capital, can allocate that capital where return is the highest,

and that they effectively get that return without interference of criteriairrelevant to potential or performance (e.g. sex, religion)

Employment & occupation essentially means the sphere of economic

activity

access to vocational training

access to credit

access to employment or occupation

conditions of employment

remuneration for work of equal value

career progression in accordance with experience, ability

job security

124

vkyfief;cGifnDr#rvkyfief;cGifnDr#rvkyfief;cGifnDr#rvkyfief;cGifnDr#r____ C 111

vkyfief;cGifqdkif&m tvkyftudkif ae&mcscef@xm;r_ wef;wlnD tcGifhta&; &Sdr_wdk@tm;jrifhwifa&;twGufwdk@udk EdkifiHawmftpdk;&rsm;taejzifh EdkifiHawmfrl0g'tjzpf owfrSwf= j f d d f f f


125/133

a=unmjcif;wdk@udk aqmif&Guf&rnf?

vkyfief;cGif wlnDr#wr_udk jrifhwifjcif;t"dyg,frSm- vlom;t&if;tjrpfudk zGH@z;wdk;wuf&ef

vkyfaqmif&mY usm;r/ bmoma&; cGJjcm;jcif;r&SdyJ wdk@. taumif;qkH;aqmif&Gufcsuft& tjrifhrm;qkH;cHpm;cGifhrsm; &&Sdap&rnf?

tvkyftudkifcef@xm;a&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&; vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;twGuf vdktyfcsufrsm;rS toufarG;0rf;ausmif;r_qdkif&m oifwef;rsm; wufcGifh&Sdjcif;

*k%fyjcif; todtrSwfyjcif; cH&aprnf?

tvkyftudkif &&Sdap&rnf?

tvkyfcef@xm;r_ tajctae

tvkyfwefzdk;ay:rlwnfaom vkyftm;c

tawG@t}uKHESifh t&nftcsif;ay: udkufnDaom toufarG;r_ wdk;wuf&rnf? tvkyftwGuf tmrcHr_ &Sd&rnf?

125

Equality at Work C. 111

C. 111 specifically requires national law to prohibit discrimination based

on race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction or social


126/133

origin

Discrimination is not any distinction, exclusion or preference based on

inherent requirements of the job

justifiable suspicion of activities threatening the security of the State (provided

the suspect can defend him or herself)

special measures of protection or assistance provided for in other Conventions

affirmative measures for persons who, for reasons such as sex, age,disablement, family responsibilities or social or cultural status, are generally

recognized to require special protection or assistance

126

tvkyfwGiftvkyfwGiftvkyfwGiftvkyfwGif wef;wlnDr#rwef;wlnDr#rwef;wlnDr#rwef;wlnDr#r____ C 111

C 111 . txl;vdktyfcsufonf vlrsKd; tom;ta&mif vdif usm;rbmoma&; EdkifiHa&; cH,lcsuf vlr_a&;rsm;tay: tajccHI cGJjcm;jcif;rsm;udkd f H f j f f


127/133

EdkifiawmfOya't& wm;jrpfay;&rnf?

xl;jcm;jcif; ESpfoufjcif; OD;pm;ay; vkyfaqmifjcif;rsm;tay: tajccHI tvkyfwGif vdktyfaomtcsuf EdkifiHawmfvkHcHa&;twGuf xdcdkufonfh tvkyfrsKd; &Sdaeonf[k oHo,&Sdygu

w&m;cHaejzifh udk,fudk ckcHcGifh&Sd&rnf?

tjcm;jyXmef;csufrsm;tm; tumtuG,fay;&efESifh taxmuftulay;&eftwGuftxl;aqmif&Guf&rnf?

vlw,muf. usm;r uGJjcif; csKd@wJhjcif; rdom;pkwm0efrsm;jcif; vlr_a&; ,Ofaus;r_tajctaersm;tay: a,bl,srsm;udk wGufcsufI vlr_a&;tumtuG,f

ay;a&;twGuf tcdkiftrm aqmif&Guf&rnf?

127

Minimum Age System C. 138

Commitment towards gradual, but total elimination of child


128/133

labour

Enactment & enforcement of a legal system of minimum agesfrom which onwards children may be admitted to work

System must be harmonized with the end of compulsory schooling

3 benchmark minimum ages

General

Light Work

Hazardous Work

128

tedrfhqkH;touftedrfhqkH;touftedrfhqkH;touftedrfhqkH;touf owfrSwfrowfrSwfrowfrSwfrowfrSwfr____ pHepfpHepfpHepfpHepf C 138

uav;oli,fvkyftm;udk jznf;jznf;jcif; aomfvnf;aumif;vkH;0aomfvnf;aumif; yaysmufa&;twGuf wm0efcHaqmif&Guf&ef


129/133

uav;oli,fwa,muf. tvkyfvkyfcGifh&Sdaom toufudk

Oya'yjyXmef;jcif; Oya'udk vdkufemjcif;wdk@&Sdonfh Oya'pHepfw&yfwGifowfrSwf+yD;rSom tm; tvkyfvkyfcGifhyrnf?

roifrae& ynma&;udk oif=um;+yD;rSom tvkyfvkyfcGifhyjcif;rsKd;udk pHepfwGif

xnfhoGif;&rnf? atmufyg tcsuf (3) csuf tay: tajccHI owfrSwfonf

taxGaxGtvkyf

ayghyg;aomtvkyf

ab;tEW&m,fr&Sdaomtvkyf

129

C. 138 Minimum Ages

Hazardous


130/133

14

End of

compulsory

schooling(minimum 15)

18

(16 as anexception)

12DevelopingCountries

18

(16 as an

exception)13Normally

Work

(Article 3)

Light Work

(Article 7)

General Minimum Age

(Article 2)

130


131/133

131

Priority for Worst Forms C. 182

Give priority to the prohibition & elimination of the worst forms of childlabour

slave-like work (including trafficking)


132/133

slave-like work (including trafficking)

sexual exploitation

illicit activities (e.g. drugs trafficking) hazardous work (to be determined)

Action must include

monitoring mechanisms (e.g. data collection)

programmes of action time-bound measures in three categories

prevention

withdrawal

rehabilitation

special attention for girls & the vulnerable (e.g. ethnic minorities)

international cooperation

132

tqdk;qkHtqdk;qkHtqdk;qkHtqdk;qkH; ykHo; ykHo; ykHo; ykHoefudkefudkefudkefudk OD;pm;ayOD;pm;ayOD;pm;ayOD;pm;ay;;;; a&G;cs,fjcifa&G;cs,fjcifa&G;cs,fjcifa&G;cs,fjcif;;;; C 182

tqdk;qkHtqdk;qkHtqdk;qkHtqdk;qkH; ykHo; ykHo; ykHo; ykHoef&Sdaeaomef&Sdaeaomef&Sdaeaomef&Sdaeaom uav;oli,fvkyftmuav;oli,fvkyftmuav;oli,fvkyftmuav;oli,fvkyftm;;;; uef@owfjcifuef@owfjcifuef@owfjcifuef@owfjcif;/;/;/;/ yaysmufapjcif;wdk@wGifyaysmufapjcif;wdk@wGifyaysmufapjcif;wdk@wGifyaysmufapjcif;wdk@wGifOD;pm;ayOD;pm;ayOD;pm;ayOD;pm;ay;;;; aqmif&Guf&rnfrSmaqmif&Guf&rnfrSmaqmif&Guf&rnfrSmaqmif&Guf&rnfrSm u|efwa,mufuJhodk@aom tvkyfrsKd; (vlukeful;jcif;) : j f f f Hj f


133/133

umrtay: tjrwfxkwf qufqHjcif; w&m;r0ifonfh vkyfaqmifr_tvkyf (rl;,pfaq;0g;arSmifcdk)

tEW&m,f&Sdaomtvkyf vkyfaqmifcsufwGifvkyfaqmifcsufwGifvkyfaqmifcsufwGifvkyfaqmifcsufwGif yg0if&rnfhtcsufyg0if&rnfhtcsufyg0if&rnfhtcsufyg0if&rnfhtcsuf

avhvmapmifh=unfhjcif;pHepf (tcsuftvufpkaqmif;jcif;) ta&;,lvkyfaqmifaom tpDtpOfrsm;

tcsdeftuef@towf vkyfaqmifonfhtcsuf (3) ck &Sdonf umuG,fjcif; &kwfodrf; jyefvnfypky;axmifay;jcif; rdef;uav;rsm;ESifh xdcdkufvG,folrsm;tay: txl;owdy&ef tjynfjynfqdkif&mESifh yl;aygif;vkyfaqmifr_

133

ilo and il standards

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