impact of digital natives on libraries
TRANSCRIPT
Lebanese Library Association Annual ConferenceThe Changing Faces of Libraries: Inspiration,
Transformation and InnovationApril 24 – 27, 2012Beirut – Lebanon
Impact of Digital Natives on Libraries
by Cendrella Habre
Director, Riyad Nassar Library
Lebanese American University
Beirut
Social Media Power
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www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDNv4HVbvuk
Outline
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• Facts and Figures• Web 2.0• Digital Natives• Digital Immigrants• Key Characteristics of DN• Is it the “End of Libraries” era or is it just an Illusion?• Impact on Libraries• Do-or-Die Moment• New Roles/Responsibilities• The Shift in Libraries• What the Future Holds?• Q & A
Information World
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Worldwide, it is reported today that the website gets over 3.9 billion hits per day vs. 2.9 billion in Dec. 2009 (comScore figures, Feb. 2012).
Communication World
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FacebookIn 2010, Facebook Director of Engineering Robert Johnson announced that it
surpassed 845 million monthly active users. The company gets 100 billion hits per day, and the average user makes about 4 page requests per day.
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YouTubeYouTube latest statistics show that over 4 billion video are viewed per day (vs. 3 billion in 2011). There are now about 60 hours of video uploaded per minute to the site (vs. 48 hours of video uploaded every minute in 2011). http://www.youtube.com/t/press_statistics
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Twitter CEO Dick Costolo revealed in 2011 at Web 2.0 Summit in San Francisco that the company has gone from 90 million tweets per day in September of 2010 to 250 million in 2011 with 100 million active users per month.
http://pics.blameitonthevoices.com/s.php?f=092010&p=twitter_usage_chart.jpg
Web 2.0
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• The term "Web 2.0" was first used in January 1999 by Darcy DiNucci, a consultant on electronic information design.
• In 2003, the term began its rise in popularity when O'Reilly Media and MediaLive hosted the first Web 2.0 conference. In their opening remarks, Tim O’Reilly and John Battelle outlined their definition of the "Web as Platform", where software applications are built upon the Web as opposed to upon the desktop.
• Webopedia defines Web 2.0 as the term given to describe a second generation of the World Wide Web that is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online. Web 2.0 basically refers to the transition from static HTML Web pages to a more dynamic Web that is more organized and is based on serving Web applications to users. Other improved functionality of Web 2.0 includes open communication with an emphasis on Web-based communities of users, and more open sharing of information (blogs, wikis, and all social media).
Total Time Spent Worldwide≥ 60 hrs/month online = 30 straight days a year22% Social networking 42% Viewing content36% Emailing & SearchingEach visits 2,646 Web pages on 89 domains and logs 57 times per month.
Most Popular BrandsGoogle (82%)MSN (62%)Facebook (54%)Yahoo (53%)Microsoft (47%)YouTube (47%)Wikipedia (35%) AOL (27%), eBay (26%), Apple (26%)
Social Network UsageBrazil 80% Italy 73% Spain 75%Japan 70%United Kingdom 69% United States & France 67%Australia 59%Germany & Switzerland 51%
Source: http://visualeconomics.creditloan.com/how-the-world-spends-its-time-online_2010-06-16
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More Facts• More than half of the world population (7 billion) will
be soon connected and interconnected via a mobile device, PC, tablet or gaming console.
• Screens increasingly portable and wireless are the
context in which users will consume information.
• Cloud computing will make computing power accessible to millions more.
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Digital Natives/Millennials/Generation C
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_zzPBbXjWs
Tech-Trends Gadgets
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Definitions of DN
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• “A digital native is a person who was born during or after the general introduction of digital technology. Alternatively, this term can describe people born [after 1980], as the Digital Age began at that time; but in most cases the term focuses on people who grew up with the technology that became prevalent in the latter part of the 20th century, and continues to evolve today.”
• “Today’s students – K through college – represent the first generations to grow up with this new technology. They have spent their entire lives surrounded by and using computers, videogames, digital music players, video cams, cell phones, and all the other toys and tools of the digital age.”
So what does that make the rest of us?Digital Immigrants (DI)
• “Digital Immigrants are those of us who were not born into the digital world but have, at some later point in our lives, became fascinated by and adopted many or most aspects of the new technology.”
• “Digital Immigrants learn – like all immigrants, some better than others – to adapt to their environment, they always retain, to some degree, their foot in the past. They usually turn to the Internet for information second rather than first, or in reading the manual for a program rather than assuming that the program itself will teach us to use it.”
• Digital Immigrants also "socialized" differently from their kids, and are now in the process of learning a new language and new skills.
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Key Characteristics of DN• Tech-Savvy.• Totally dependent on technology.• Multitasking.• Alive, uptodate, smart, successful, confident, team-oriented, full of unshakeable
opinions, not only do they have the right to speak, but to be heard, etc.• Social/Active learners.• Don’t learn by listening to lectures but by collaborating, networking and sharing.• Love to be engaged in the teaching and learning process (uncomfortable with the
traditional educational system).• Extensive disclosure of personal data (love to play with social media – high media
literacy).• Creators & innovators, no longer passive users (create their own content and shares
their opinion online).• Often ‘hop’ the headlines and don’t often read the full article (pub hopping, channel
hopping, hop readers).• Learn through browsing and may not be able to identify qualified and expert sources
(“If it’s online, it must be true!”).• Rather than “people of the book”, DN are “people of the screen”.
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Is it the “End of Libraries” era or is it just an Illusion?
• People, politicians, administrators and executives are saying: Do we need libraries now that the availability of Google and other online resources mean
that all the information is available at no cost to the user or the institution? Do we still need to buy print materials now that the technology is telling us copies don’t
count anymore and that the screen will prevail at the end of the day.
• Regardless, Libraries are still being built around the world and costing an extensive amount of money. (~$500 million every year on library buildings, for instance the new public library in Birmingham, UK will cost £188 million).
– NOTE: while print will continue to be a robust technology, first time ever in human history libraries will not need more shelves.
IT IS JUST AN ILLUSION Libraries are still the centerpiece of any campus, and all
communities
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Impact on Libraries• It is clear that libraries around the globe are operating in an
environment where change is now the norm.• They are confronted by user’s rapidly shifting behaviors and
expectations, and a demand for customized and personalized information environments.
• In the past libraries were built around the resources they housed, today’s libraries are being built around the needs of people.
• In the past libraries were facilities with four walls, today they exist without borders. They represent space for everyone.
• Libraries have became social hubs, as well as electronic hubs offering a variety of services to support needs for research, teaching and learning.
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Do-or-Die MomentTo regain our competitiveness:• We had to become the creator of change not just a respondent.• We had to be open minded toward change. (Support vs. Resist).• We had to be passionate, engaged, and vibrant (otherwise, irrelevant).• We needed to compete to win → We had to change quickly and
dramatically.• We had to be more visible to the user → We had to be present in the
workflow of users in discovering information everywhere, and at any time. • We had to develop new services, such as shift from print to electronic; the
Concierge concept (whatever resources you need we can support you or lead you to them), etc.
• We had to rethink of space planning and identity → Design the lively rather than the static → Think more about playground and less about sanctuary.
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Do-or-Die Moment (cont’d.)• We had to take risks, such as convert stacks and study spaces into
common areas where users can gather for collaborative work in an electronic environment.
• We had to rebrand/redefine libraries around the people we serve rather than around content/collections and concentrate more on transformation over information → Users are not coming to the library to borrow books, but to look for information, to meet people, to study, for the WIFI, etc.
• We had to include computer labs and provide IT help.• We had to lend all kind of materials, such as ebook readers, iPads, laptops,
calculators, etc.• We had to enable Mobile Apps and integrate Web 2.0 tools such as
Facebook and Twitter to communicate with users.• We have to have vision and look ahead to foresee the future.
Library buildings seem to be more crowded than ever
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“If you feed them …….. they will come”New York Public Library
“New York Public Library decided to upgrade its image from that of a stuffy research library, replete with reference librarians whose knowledge and expertise are of incalculable value to researcher, to a place where parents and kids might want to borrow a DVD and a latte”.
Why?
Because leadership feared that NYPL is “becoming archaic, dead, and outdated. They had to restructure to suit the times, they want the library to be active and hip”.
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New Roles/ResponsibilitiesWhile Libraries are still performing the core responsibilities (cataloging, acquisitions, finding, disseminating, teaching, and archiving), we are taking on new roles, and our responsibilities are shifting.
How?•Libraries are becoming more sophisticated consumers on behalf of their users.•Libraries are pointing to relevant and quality information for users.•Libraries are serving as publishers.•Libraries are advancing as educators beyond the information literacy programs to a more expansive participation in the teaching and learning process. •Libraries are serving as information policy advocates on behalf of users and the public interest. •Libraries are repositories, ensuring the long-term availability and usability for our intellectual and cultural output. •Libraries are an enterprise much more concerned about innovation, business planning, competition and risk. •Libraries are defending the public interest in terms of intellectual freedom, confidentiality, fair-use and barrier-free access of information.
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The Shift in Libraries: Summary• Housing resources Connecting resources • Print-centric User centric• Solitary & Silence Solitary & Collaborative• Mono-task Multi-task• Introverted Extroverted• Fixed Adaptable• Staff Technology• Self-service Concierge• No food/drink Cafes
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What the Future Holds?In 2004 Microsoft published a report entitled “A vision for lifelong learning: Year 2020” describing several scenarios of 2020 students.
High School 2020 scenariooEddy’s day starts when his Internet earring goes off at 6:30 AM with his favorite music playing.oHe sees his schedule for the day on his wall screen. oHe notices that he has an early lunch today so he makes sure to bring a snack along with him.oHe grabs his learning tablet and notices that he has received a bus alert with an exact GPS location (bus is running 15 minutes late).oHe tells his virtual mentor to identify his daily learning packet that he has received from school which contains all of his work projects, meetings and notes for the day. They are read to Eddy via voice in his earring. oHe has team deliverables due to be presented in his first class period. He will review the presentation with his team through his two way video tablet on the way to school.oHe compares his schedule to his teacher’s schedule and picks a time he can log in for the remote meeting for a 1 on 1. His calendar is automatically updated as well as his team’s and teacher’s.
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What the Future Holds? (cont’d)o Eddy’s virtual mentor checks the bus online and announces to him that it is just turning down
his street. Upon entering the bus, Eddy’s clothes scan his student number and the school is immediately notified that he has made the bus.
o An alert appears on his tablet right before the end of his first period, reminding him that he is to meet his science team outside today. While working on his science project, he collects real-time data from various labs around the world and engage in a dialogue with a specialist whom he encountered over the Internet.
o When struggling with some issues, his virtual mentor immediately provides him with support resources and appears on his screen.
o Eddy has signed up to learn Chinese from a school in Beijing. He begins talking to his classmates via embedded cameras and a virtual interface.
o After school is over, Eddy has basketball practice. His basketball is hooked to sensors that monitor the pressure on the ball, its trajectory and travel speed before he makes a shot.
o Before heading home, he receives an alert that his mother has to work late today and that she’s arranged for Eddy to go home with another mom, whose virtual mentor leaves him a message, a picture of the car, and a time she’ll meet him at a GPS designated location.
o At home, he calls his girlfriend.o His snack is awaiting him in the refrigerator, calories, carbs and protein all listed in his
personal health indicator. And so on.
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Thank You
And the journey begins!!!
Q & A
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ReferencesDrake, M. A. (2010). Academic library challenges. Searcher, 18(9), 16. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from Expanded
Academic ASAP database.
Hinrichs, R. (2004). A vision for lifelong learning: Year 2020. European Journal of Engineering Education, 29(1), 5-16. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from Academic search premier database.
Howard, J. (2011, April 1). College librarians look at better ways to measure the value of their services. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved February 22, 2011, from http://chronicle.com/article/College-Librarians-Look-at/126975/
Keiser, B. E. (2010). Library of the future - today!. Searcher, 18(8), 18-23, 47-54. Retrieved March 2012, from ProQuest database.
Kolowich. S. (2009, November 6). Bookless Libraries? Retrieved from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2009/11/06/library
McCracken, G. (2012, January 26). Innovating the library way. Harvard business review. Retrieved from http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2012/01/innovating_the_library_way.html
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References (cont’d.)Prensky, M. (2001). Digital Natives, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, (9)5, 1-6. Retrieved March 5, 2012,
from http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/prensky%20-%20digital%20natives,%20digital%20immigrants%20-%20part1.pdf
Plutchak, T. S. (2012). Breaking the barriers of time and space: The dawning of the great age of librarians Journal of The Medical Library Association, 100(1), 10-19. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from Academic Search Complete database.
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Winch, J. (2012, March 2). European librarians visit £189m Library of Birmingham development.Retrieved from http://www.birminghampost.net/news/west-midlands-news/2012/03/02/european-librarians-visit-189m-library-of-birmingham-development-65233-30435235/#ixzz1pI1lQSNH
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