impact of light on human well-being and productivity
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IMPACT OF LIGHT ON HUMAN WELL-BEING AND PRODUCTIVITYJens Christoffersen and Peter Foldbjerg, VELUXPresented for the InnoByg project “Indeklima & totalværdi” at DTU on October 10, 2016
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Sleep, Work, Live- Healthy Living Around the Clock
The environment in the bedroom has a huge
impact on our health and wellbeing
SLEEP, WORK, LIVE
- Healthy Living Around the
Clock
Healthy light is linked to healthy
darkness at night
Human well-being relies on
regular exposure to
light and dark each day.
The daily light dose received might be too
low.Our biology responds to
light intensity,duration, timing, and
spectrum
The environment can positively
influence productivity and
well-being
In 2004, CIE promulgate five “principles of healthy lighting” (CIE, 2004/2009), and the same report also suggested that these principles should lead to a renewed emphasis on architectural daylighting
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Natural light is the single most important attribute in a home, with over 60% of respondents ranking it as important1
WHO’s report that residents with inadequate natural light in their homes have greater risk for depression and falls2
1The Way We Live Now, RIBA and Ipsos MORI, 20122Brown, M. J., & Jacobs, D. E. (2011). Residential light and risk for depression and falls: Results from the LARES study of eight European cities. Public Health Reports, 126(Supplement 1), 131-140.
DAYLIGHTING AT HOME
View of nature have restorative benefits1
Having nature elements in the view was important to residents’ satisfaction2 and well-being3
Studies show that improved mood4 and reduced stress5 are consistent benefits of living in close contact with nature
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VIEW AT HOME
1Veitch, J. & Veitch and Galasiu, A. (2012) The Physiological and Psychological Effects of Windows, Daylight, and View at Home: Review and Research Agenda, NRC-IRC Research Report RR-3252Newsham et al (2009) Linking indoor environment conditions to job satisfaction: a field study. Building Research and Information, 37(2), 129 - 147.3Kaplan, R. (2001) The nature of the view from home: Psychological benefits. Environment and Behavior, 33(4), 507-542.4Grinde, B., and Grindal Patil, G. (2009) Biophilia: Does Visual Contact with Nature Impact on Health and Well-Being? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. September; 6(9): 2332–23435Ulrich, R. S. et al. (1991) Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11(3), 201-230.
Sunlight provision is essential for any interior spaces.
Sunlight provide light and warmth and also having a therapeutic, health-giving effect1.
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SUNLIGHT AT HOME
1P. Littlefair (2001) Daylight, sunlight and solar gain in the urban environment, Solar Energy 70(3):177-185 · December 2001
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Key principles
Live in balance with nature - A house in balance with nature allowing the occupants to live with and follow the daily and seasonal cycles of the outdoor environment. Adaptability - A house whose space and occupants can adapt to changing conditions (daily, seasonal) and needs. Sensibility - A house that provides protection against harmful substances which humans cannot sense and allow freedom to control parameters that can be sensed
CIRCADIAN HOUSEPRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR HEALTHY HOMES
Circadian House, Principles and Guidelines for Healthy Homes. (2013).
DAYLIGHTING IN SCHOOLSThe study included 2,837 children (9-12 years old) in 148 classrooms from 54 schools across Europe
Maesano, C., & Annesi-maesano, I. (2016). Impact of Lighting on School Performance in European Classrooms. In Clima2016 (pp. 1–14). Aalborg.
Research has identified benefits of daylight and sunlight as well as view for worker health and well-being
People believe that working under natural daylight is better for health and well-being1 than electric light
Working in environments with natural elements are reported to increase level of well-being, productivity and creativity
DAYLIGHTING AT WORK
NRC, COPE
1 Veitch, J. A., and Gifford, R. (1996) Assessing beliefs about lighting effects on health, performance, mood, and social behavior. Environment and Behavior, 28(4), 446-4702Human Spaces. (2015). The Global Impact of Biophilic Design in the Workplace.
Higher satisfaction with the view if natural scenes than man-made scenes (Christoffersen et al., 1999)
View to the outside give: • higher environmental satisfaction (Newsham et al., 2009)
• better mood (Grinde and Grindal Patil, 2009)
• job satisfaction (Newsham et al., 2009 )
• recovery of surgical patients (Ulrich,1984)
• seating preference (Wang and Boubekri, 2010, 2011)…..
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VIEW AT WORK
Satisfactionwithviewasfunctionofactualscene
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100Industry
ParkinglotsOther
LowbuildingsTraffic,streets
Sky
Landscape
Responses(%)Dissatisfied Satisfied
Tallbuildings
Trees,plantation
Courtyard
WORKPLACE PRODUCTIVITY
Call center workers with outdoor views processed calls 6% to 12% faster and performed 10% to 25% better on mental function and memory tests than workers without views *
12 studies linking improved lighting design with up to a 23% gain in productivity related to light levels matched to task, glare and brightness control, and the power of views **
13 studies linking the access to the natural environment through daylight and operable windows to individual (up to an 18% increase) and organizational productivity (such as increased retail sales) *** Heschong Mahone Group (2003) Windows and Offices: A Study of Office Worker Performance and the Indoor Environment** Loftness et al, 2003 Linking Energy to Health and Productivity in the Built Environment. Evaluating the Cost-Benefits of High Performance Building and Community Design for Sustainability
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Human Spaces. (2015). The Global Impact of Biophilic Design in the Workplace. Retrieved from http://humanspaces.com/resources/reports/
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World Green Building Council. (2013). THE BUSINESS CASE FOR GREEN BUILDING.
THE LINK BETWEEN PHYSICAL CONDITIONAND OVERALL JOB SATISFACTION
PhysicalConditions
Courtesy of NRC COPE
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Patients on the sunnier side of a cardiac intensive care ward showed lower mortality rates1 than those on the less-sunny side.
Indications that the amount of daylight in a patient's room have impact on patients' length of stay2
Patients with a view of green spaces, as opposed to a brick wall, recovered more quickly from surgery and required less post-operative pain medication3.
DAYLIGHTING AND VIEW IN HOSPITALS
1Beauchemin K. and P. Hays (1998) Dying in the Dark: sunshine, gender and outcomes in myocardinal infarcation, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 91 pp352-42AR Joarder and ADF Price (2013), Impact of daylight illumination on reducing patient length of stay in hospital after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, Lighting Res. Technol. 2013; 45: 435–4493Walch, JM et al. (2005) The effect of sunlight on postoperative analgesic medication use a prospective study of patients undergoing spinal surgery, Psycosom Med 2005 Jan/Feb. 67(1):156-63
SLEEP, WORK, LIVE- HEALTHY LIVING AROUND THE CLOCK
“Proper light at proper time” are essential in maintaining key aspects of our overall health1
2Light in the morning increase our levels of alertness, allow increased performance at the beginning of the day.From mid-morning to early evening, high levels of daylight, allow us to maintain sufficient level of alertness, performance and mood.Reduced light levels in the evening and a dark bedroom promote sleep at night.
1 CIE Position Statement on Non-Visual Effects of Light, June 28, 20152Mardaljevic, J., Andersen, M., Roy, N., Christoffersen, J. (2012) Daylighting, Artificial Lighting and Non-Visual Effects Study for a Residential Building
