IMPACT OF THE CRITICAL CARE ENVIRONMENT ON THE PATIENTYash ramawatRakcon

OBJECTIVES : ■ Identify current trends in health care that affect the

intensive care unit (ICU) environment .■ Describe the ICU environment in terms of physical and

emotional features. ■ Explain the role of the nurse in controlling the environment to promote healing.

■ Identify five interventions to decrease noise, lights, and frequent interruptions in the ICU.

■ Explain the use of music as an intervention to reduce patient anxiety.

■ Examine the evidence to support nonpharmacologic interventions to create a healing environment for the patient and family.

■ Describe strategies to promote sleep for critically ill patients.

■ Identify a process for allowing family presence at the bedside during the patient’s end of life.

CRITICAL CARE UNIT Critical care unit is a specially designed and

equipped facility staffed by skilled personnel to provide effective and safe care for dependent patients with a life threatening problem.

PHYSICAL FEATURE CAUSING IMPACT Wall of ICU are only one color cause sensory

deprivation Sounds of equipments, ventilators, chest

tubes Characterctics of first generation ICU 1960Open ward, no partition , nursingstation at foot

of ward , unit light only switch.Ad:- increase proximity of nurse to patientDisad :- lack of privacy

SECOND GENERATION 1970 Individual room or walled cubical Room are often either side of hall Central monitering , open nsg station Some unit without external room windows Separate switch , calander and watch in pt.

roomAd:- increase privacy , better control of lighting

, noice ,infectionDisad:- less patient observationLess control of light ad sound if cubical is

seperateal by only glass

THIRD GENERATION Individual room , folding glass door arrenged

in semicircles Some unit have decentralize Nsg station Patients room have windows with external

view control overpatient

FOURTH GENERATION individual rooms. Folding or sliding glass

doors with privacy curtains/ blinds. Circular/podshaped floor plan. Increased noise reduction designing. Patient windows with a view of outdoors (natural or contrived). Patientcontrolled lighting— artificial and natural. Planned areas for family in patient rooms. Increased use of color and texture in wall, floor, and ceiling coverings. Nursing access and availability of high-tech care in a more homelike environmen

FACTOR OF ICU ENVIROMENT THAT AFFECT PATIENT Noise Odor Light Emotional Color