imperial wars and colonial protest, 1754-1774 unit 3
TRANSCRIPT
Empires at War
● The First 3 Wars○ fought between Great Britain, France and Spain over a 74
year period
● The French and Indian War○ began in the colonies
■ France built a chain of forts along the Ohio River○ Albany Plan of Union
■ plan for intercolonial government, plus troop recruitment and tax collection
○ Effects■ unchallenged British supremacy in North America
Empires at War
● British view○ felt colonists were unable and unwilling to defend their
frontiers
● Colonial view○ proud of their military performance and convinced they could
provide their own defense
● Reorganization of the British Empire○ Pontiac’s Rebellion
■ destroyed forts and settlements from New York to Virginia along frontier
○ Proclamation of 1763■ colonist can’t move west of Appalachian mtns.
British Actions and Colonial Reactions
● New Revenues and Regulations○ Sugar Act (1764)-passed to raise money for the crown○ Quartering Act (1765)-required colonists to provide food
and living quaters for British soldiers stationed in the colonies
○ Stamp Act (1765)-raise funds for British military forces in the colonies
British Actions and Colonial Reactions● Protesting the Stamp Act
○ Boycotts, Sons and Daughters of Liberty○ Stamp Act repealed 1766 primarily due to financial reasons○ Declaratory Act (1766)-asserted parliament’s right to make
laws and tax the colonies
● Second Phase of the Crisis 1767-1773○ The Townshend Acts (1767)
○ Taxes on tea, glass and paper to pay salaries of crown officials in the colonies
British Actions and Colonial Reactions
○ Colonial reaction○ John Dickinson’s Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania○ Boycotts○ Increased smuggling activities
○ Repealing the Townshend Acts (1770)○ Trade was damamged○ Little revenue
○ Boston Massacre (1770)○ Boston Customs House protest○ Crispus Attucks and four others killed
British Actions and Colonial Reactions
● Renewal of the Conflict○ The Gaspee (1772)- British customs ship set alight by Rhode
Island colonists○ Boston Tea Party (1773)- protest against special treatment of
British East India Company
● Intolerable Acts○ The Coercive Acts (1774)
○ Enacted to punish Bostonians for the tea party○ Quebec Act (1774)
■ Provisions-Roman Catholic Church; no rep.assembly■ American Anger