Implementing NATO NetworkImplementing NATO Network Enabled Capability (NNEC): Enabled Capability (NNEC): Implications for NATO Response Implications for NATO Response Force’s Envisioned RolesForce’s Envisioned Roles

Reynold F. PalaganasReynold F. Palaganas

Colonel, US ArmyColonel, US Army Commander, NCSA Sector MonsCommander, NCSA Sector Mons

• Thesis Thesis

• DiscussionDiscussion

• FindingsFindings

• ConclusionsConclusions

• RecommendationsRecommendations

Agenda

“… “… NATO will no longer have the large, massed NATO will no longer have the large, massed units that were necessary for the Cold War, but will units that were necessary for the Cold War, but will have agile and capable forces at Graduated have agile and capable forces at Graduated Readiness levels… [to] prepare the Alliance to meet Readiness levels… [to] prepare the Alliance to meet any threat….” any threat….”

- General (ret) James L. Jones, former SACEUR- General (ret) James L. Jones, former SACEUR

View of NATO Transformation

To To transformtransform NATO Response ForceNATO Response Force (NRF) (NRF) operations operations from a from a “platform-centric”“platform-centric” to a to a “network-“network-centric environmentcentric environment,” NATO Consultation, Command ,” NATO Consultation, Command and Control (C3) elements, NATO’s two strategic and Control (C3) elements, NATO’s two strategic commands, member nations, and industry must commands, member nations, and industry must move beyond Collaborative Information Environment move beyond Collaborative Information Environment (CIE) rhetoric and a “business as usual” Cold War (CIE) rhetoric and a “business as usual” Cold War mindset as mindset as enterprise network stakeholdersenterprise network stakeholders by by implementing a federated NATO Network Enabled implementing a federated NATO Network Enabled Capability (NNEC) concept as the interoperability Capability (NNEC) concept as the interoperability driverdriver that joins common interfaces and information that joins common interfaces and information services.services.

ThesisThesis

The Challenge: A Pictorial View

Users

Maritime Land AirLogistic

s

Network & Comm Services provided within functional areas

Users / Outcomes

OtherAirTargeting

Layers and ‘Building Blocks’ of services provided across functional areas to multiple users

From this - “Stovepiped” Interoperability

To this - “Gridded” Interoperability

• NRF Concept – Two Envisioned RolesNRF Concept – Two Envisioned Roles

MModular, quick reaction forceodular, quick reaction force NATO’s transformation catalyst: entry point for capability NATO’s transformation catalyst: entry point for capability

improvementsimprovements

• NRF PrinciplesNRF Principles (Relative to Capabilities)(Relative to Capabilities)

Deployability Deployability Scalability Scalability Rotation Rotation

NRF Concept and Principles

Land AirMaritime

NATO Task Force Brigade Combat Team 200 Combat Sorties/Day

With Strategic Enablers•Sea/AirLift•Intelligence•Force Protection•Combat Support•Combat Service Support

Deployable Joint Task Deployable Joint Task Force HQForce HQ

Plus Special ForcesTotal Force – approx up to 25,000

NRF at Full Operational Capability (FOC)

NATO Commanders’ Bi-Strategic Vision Concepts

1/3/20061/3/2006 22

CAPABLE FUTURE FORCESCAPABLE FUTURE FORCES

BiBi --SC Strategic VisionSC Strategic VisionEFFECTS BASED APPROACH TO OPERATIONSEFFECTS BASED APPROACH TO OPERATIONS

INFORMATIONSUPERIORITY

NETWORKENABLED

CAPABILITY

EFFECTIVEENGAGEMENT

JOINTMANOEUVRE

ENHANCEDCIMIC

EXPEDITIONARYOPERATIONS

INTEGRATEDLOGISTICS

CAPABILITY MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

Transformation Objective Areas (TOA)

Transformation Goals (TG)

ACHIEVINGJOINT DEPLOYMENT

&SUSTAINMENT

ACHIEVINGDECISION

SUPERIORITY

ACHIEVINGCOHERENT

EFFECTS

NNEC: It’s About People – Information – Networks

Network

NNEC Conceptual Framework

Raw

Data

IntendedEffect

Information Sphere

Collectors EffectorsDecisionMakers

InformationSuperiority

DecisionSuperiority

ExecutionSuperiority

•Coherent Effect•Joint Deployment

and sustainmentGoals:

People & Human Processes

NATO’s blueprint transformation from a stovepiped to a NetworkingInformation and Infrastructure (NII) enterprise

Relevant NATO Bodies for NNEC

NC3Organisation

NC3Organisation

NATO C3 Agency (NC3A)

NATO C3 Agency (NC3A)

NATO CISSERVICESAGENCY(NCSA)

NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL

(NAC)

NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL

(NAC)

Military Committee (MC)

Military Committee (MC)

SACEURSACEUR

NATO C3 Board(NC3B)

NATO C3 Board(NC3B)

NC3 RepsNC3 Reps

OPCOM

JFC

NRF- #

OPCON

OPCON

SACTSACT

STRATEGIC COORD

(for CD&E)

• Dealing with a Legacy Platform-Centric Dealing with a Legacy Platform-Centric EnvironmentEnvironment

Lack of Coherent Network-centric Guiding Lack of Coherent Network-centric Guiding Principles or Keystone Authoritative ReferencePrinciples or Keystone Authoritative Reference

Outdated Standardization AgreementsOutdated Standardization Agreements(STANAGs)(STANAGs)

Findings – NNEC Impediments (1 of 3)

• Technological Insertion Concerns – two themes: Technological Insertion Concerns – two themes:

Obtaining Nations’ Consensus to Open Obtaining Nations’ Consensus to Open Standards ArchitectureStandards Architecture

Bridging the Technology/Capability GapBridging the Technology/Capability Gap- Nations Pursuing Different Levels of AmbitionNations Pursuing Different Levels of Ambition- Info Technology Transfer (Transatlantic Info Technology Transfer (Transatlantic Gap; Also, Info Sharing within Europe) Gap; Also, Info Sharing within Europe)

Findings – NNEC Impediments (2 of 3)

• National Funding and NATO Common FundingNational Funding and NATO Common Funding Support ConcernsSupport Concerns

National FundingNational Funding – for Provision and – for Provision and Prioritized Investment of National Military AssetsPrioritized Investment of National Military Assets

NATO Common FundingNATO Common Funding – “Cost-Shares” for – “Cost-Shares” forNATO Capability Projects or NATO Owned NATO Capability Projects or NATO Owned Assets Assets

Findings – NNEC Impediments (3 of 3)

• NATO and nations will rely upon NRF NATO and nations will rely upon NRF as a focal point to operationalize CIE as a focal point to operationalize CIE network enabled common services; network enabled common services; however, however, implementing NNEC presents implementing NNEC presents interoperability challengesinteroperability challenges in migrating in migrating stakeholders away from a platform-stakeholders away from a platform-centric legacy environment to a centric legacy environment to a network-centric force – network-centric force – a “paradigm a “paradigm shift”shift”

Conclusions (1 of 2)

• NRF in quick reaction force roleNRF in quick reaction force role

- Can’t leverage NRF capabilities without - Can’t leverage NRF capabilities without NC3 bodies NC3 bodies breaking awaybreaking away from stovepiped policies, architectures, from stovepiped policies, architectures, and management approaches NNEC is intended to and management approaches NNEC is intended to overcome with this plug-and-operate conceptovercome with this plug-and-operate concept

• NRF in transformation catalyst role NRF in transformation catalyst role

- Can’t accelerate NNEC evolutionary programs or - Can’t accelerate NNEC evolutionary programs or improve NATO/national systems without improve NATO/national systems without firm mutual firm mutual stakeholders’ national commitmentsstakeholders’ national commitments to reduce to reduce technology and capabilities gaps technology and capabilities gaps

Conclusions: Role Implications (2 of 2)

• 1st: Regarding NRF’s quick reaction force role1st: Regarding NRF’s quick reaction force role

- NC3 organizational bodies must reassert - NC3 organizational bodies must reassert overarching CIS interoperability roles and overarching CIS interoperability roles and responsibilities and focus on “quick wins”responsibilities and focus on “quick wins”

Recommendations (1 of 3)

• 2d: Regarding NRF’s transformation catalyst 2d: Regarding NRF’s transformation catalyst role role

- NC3 organizational bodies should exploit distributed - NC3 organizational bodies should exploit distributed Alliance cross-cutting capabilities, integrating NNEC Alliance cross-cutting capabilities, integrating NNEC economies of scale where consensus is possibleeconomies of scale where consensus is possible

- Nations must have political will to invest upfront in - Nations must have political will to invest upfront in network-centric initiatives while reducing investments network-centric initiatives while reducing investments to recapitalize national legacy systemsto recapitalize national legacy systems

Recommendations (2 of 3)

• 3d: Regarding industry3d: Regarding industry

- NC3 organizational bodies and nations - NC3 organizational bodies and nations must stay connected with industry forums must stay connected with industry forums such as Network Centric Operations such as Network Centric Operations Industry Consortium – Industry Consortium – implementing implementing NNEC in the NRF is an intellectual teaming NNEC in the NRF is an intellectual teaming effort effort

Recommendations (3 of 3)

Comments/QuestionsComments/Questions

Published work can be found at this website: http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usacsl/index.asp

Click on “Information as Power”

Backup ChartsBackup Charts

Discussion: Network Centric Warfare (NCW) Background

Office of Force Transformation

• A Robustly Networked Force Improves Information Sharing• Information Sharing And Collaboration Enhances the Quality of

Information and Shared Situational Awareness• Shared Situational Awareness Enables Collaboration and Self

Synchronization, and Enhances Sustainability and Speed of Command• These, in Turn, Dramatically Increase Mission Effectiveness

Tenets of NCW: A Hypothesis Regarding Sources of Power

Physical Domain

Cognitive + Social Domains

Information Domain

Robustly Networked

Force

Information Sharing

Collaboration

Shared SituationalAwareness

Quality of Information

Mission Effectiveness

Self Synchronization

New Processes

Tenets of Network Centric Warfare…The New Value Chain – High Level

• Network-Centric Frames of ReferenceNetwork-Centric Frames of Reference • U.S. – Net Centric Operations and U.S. – Net Centric Operations and

Warfare (NCOW)Warfare (NCOW)• U.K. – Network-Enabled Capability (NEC)U.K. – Network-Enabled Capability (NEC)

Discussion: NNEC - Background