implicit learning and dorsal striatum
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Implicit learning and dorsal striatum. Dorsal striatum (Ca/Pu) is implicated in implicit or “habit” learning (Knowlton and Squire) Language acquisition and social learning are thought to rely on implicit learning mechanisms - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Implicit learning and dorsal Implicit learning and dorsal striatumstriatum
• Dorsal striatum (Ca/Pu) is implicated in Dorsal striatum (Ca/Pu) is implicated in implicit or “habit” learning implicit or “habit” learning (Knowlton and Squire)(Knowlton and Squire)
• Language acquisition and social Language acquisition and social learning are thought to rely on implicit learning are thought to rely on implicit learning mechanismslearning mechanisms– Probabilistic learning tasks (vs. deterministic) are Probabilistic learning tasks (vs. deterministic) are
implicit, subconsciousimplicit, subconscious, , and rely on dorsal striatumand rely on dorsal striatum
Implicit Learning and RewardImplicit Learning and Reward• Probabilistic Classification TaskProbabilistic Classification Task• Reported by Knowlton and Squires- impaired in PD, Reported by Knowlton and Squires- impaired in PD,
intact in amnesiaintact in amnesia• Inversely related to hippocampal activityInversely related to hippocampal activity• Reward variant- social vs. monetaryReward variant- social vs. monetary
– Stimuli predict a given outcome (1 or 2); 50% deterministic, Stimuli predict a given outcome (1 or 2); 50% deterministic, 50% random50% random
– Reward and Cognitive (Correct / Incorrect) feedbackReward and Cognitive (Correct / Incorrect) feedback
Source: D. GhahremaniSource: D. Ghahremani
Adults: BG Adults: BG activity during activity during probabilistic probabilistic learninglearning
Response to RewardsResponse to Rewards
Every occurrence of a reward (any type) vs. no-rewardEvery occurrence of a reward (any type) vs. no-reward
Reward response in VS
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
Social Monetary
Magnitude (mean %)
TDASD
Effect of rewards on implicit Effect of rewards on implicit learninglearning
Total Performance
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
1 2 3
Time
Percent Correct
ASD Money Total
TD Money Total
ASD Social Total
TD Social Total
Dorsal Striatum deficits in Dorsal Striatum deficits in ASD during implicit learningASD during implicit learning
R L
Typical children > ASD childrenTypical children > ASD children
Variation in VS activity in typical Variation in VS activity in typical children predicts social reciprocitychildren predicts social reciprocity
R
Social Responsiveness Scale Score
403020100
PE Social Deterministic Rewards
600
400
200
0
- 200
- 400
- 600
- 800
Implicit Language Learning M. Dapretto, A. Scott
• 3 Miniature Artificial Languages– Unstressed (Transitional Probabilities only)
– Stressed (Transitional Probabilities & Prosodic Cues)
– Random (No Transitional Probabilities OR Prosodic Cues)
pabiku daropigolatu tibudo
novuka pofimuvikoga bafugi
lidura vorifamanuto nimolu
Implicit Language LearningImplicit Language Learning
StressedStressed
LanguageLanguage
UnstressedUnstressed
LanguageLanguage
RandomRandom
SyllablesSyllables
TIME (seconds)TIME (seconds)
144 s 30 s 144 s 30 s 144 s 30 s 144 s 144 s 30 s 144 s 30 s 30 s
Implicit Language LearningImplicit Language Learning
TD ASD
• 2 languages (Stressed & Unstressed) vs. rest2 languages (Stressed & Unstressed) vs. rest• Absence of activity in caudate, mPFC and left IFG in Absence of activity in caudate, mPFC and left IFG in
ASDsASDs