importance of correct pruning and canopy … · cropping potential • cropping potential =...
TRANSCRIPT
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IMPORTANCE OF CORRECT PRUNING AND CANOPY
MANAGEMENT
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In this presentation
• Factors influencing fruitfulness • Results of poor pruning and canopy
management
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Permanent trunk (3 years or more)
Spur of previous season (2 years)
Shoot from this season (1 year)
FRUITFULNESS: 1 year old on 2 year old = fruitful (carry clusters)
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Cropping potential • Cropping potential = Fruitfulness of buds x Number of
buds x Environmental factors • Environmental factors include
– Vine health (diseases, pests) (management) – Moisture availability (irrigation) (management) – Nutrient availability (fertilizer applications) (management) – Climate (cannot change)
• Fruitfulness of buds depends on – Variety: Genetic (cannot change) – Pruning system: Spurs vs canes (decision depending variety) – Correct application of pruning system (management) – Trellis system: Vertical vs Horizontal (decision) – Exposure of buds to sunlight during the growing season,
specifically during and just after flowering (management) – Temperature during spring and early summer; higher
temperatures (>25 °C) will increase fruitfulness (cannot change)
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Management • We can only effect the aspects we can
have an influence on • Management of sunlight into the canopy
has the biggest effect on cropping potential in the long term and is dependent on: – Application of the pruning system – Canopy management during the season
(shoot thinning, leaf thinning, tipping, topping)
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Pruning and canopy management
• Pruning and canopy management are equally important, because – Pruning provides the amount of buds for
optimal yield and quality – Canopy management provides strong shoots
that can be pruned during winter
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Correct and poor spacing of spurs
Effects of pruning on canopy density
Canopy too dense
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Ideal spacing between spurs
12-15 cm
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Effects of wrong pruning
Poor spur spacing
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Poor spacing of spurs =
No sunlight in canopy =
Low fruitfulness =
Low yield
Poor ripening of shoots
Effects of poor pruning and canopy management
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Shoot removal by hand
Suckering
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Suckering of excessive shoots to maintain adequate sunlight penetration
No shoots removed
Shoots removed √√
XX
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Sunlight penetration ideal
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Shade patterns reflect canopy density
Ideal Too dense
Use of shade patterns to evaluate density of canopy
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Good spacing of shoots = good sunlight = high fruitfulness = high yield
Ripening of shoots complete
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Good distribution of clusters
12-15 cm
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Excessive bud load
Excessive crop load
Excessive shading/low sunlight Poor shoot growth
=
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Correct spur spacing
Proper suckering (summer shoot removal)
Good ripening of shoots
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Poor spacing of spurs
= No sunlight in canopy
Dead shoots
Results of poor sunlight in into canopy
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Summary
• Pruning and canopy management is equally important – Correct pruning creates long term vine
structure – Good canopy management results in
• Good sunlight penetration • Good fruitfulness (high yield and quality)