importance of sociology & psychology to pharmacy basma kentab, msc. september 2014
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy
Basma Kentab, MSc.September 2014
![Page 2: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives Demonstrate knowledge & understanding of:
1. The need to study social and cognitive pharmacy
2. The relationship between social factors and health and illness
![Page 3: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introduction
• A collection of people sharing common traditions, institutions, territories, activities & interests
Society
• The scientific study of society, including the study of development, structure & functioning of human society, and patterns of social relationships, social action & culture
Sociology
![Page 4: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Introduction
• Concerned with the social institution of pharmacy & society as it relates to patients, medicines, & the work of the pharmacist
Pharmaceutical Sociology (Social Pharmacy)
![Page 5: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Introduction
• The study of the human mind & its functions as it relates to human behavior, cognition (thought) & experience
Psychology
![Page 6: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Introduction
• The study of people’s beliefs & behavior in relation to the activities of the modern day pharmacist , from experiences with health promotion & disease diagnosis in the pharmacy to beliefs & behaviors relating to prescribing, review & dispensing of pharmacologically active compounds by pharmacists
Pharmaceutical Psychology
![Page 7: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Introduction
• Involves pharmacy relevant thoughts & beliefs
Cognitive Pharmacy
• Structured attempts to change patients’ behavior through the practice of pharmacy
Cognitive Pharmacy Services
![Page 8: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Why Study Social & Cognitive Pharmacy??
Limitation of ‘’biology’’ in explaining all health behaviors and outcomes
Biomedical Model of Health
• Focuses on biological factors that influence health & disease
Bio-psychosocial Model of Health
• Acknowledges a complex interaction of biological, psychological & social factors in influencing health & disease
![Page 9: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Why Study Social & Cognitive Pharmacy??
Social & cognitive pharmacy are concerned with the application of psychosocial knowledge to impact on patients’ health & illness-related behavior within the context of practice
![Page 10: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Relevance of Sociology to Pharmacy Social factors influence peoples’ health (either in a
health-promoting or damaging way)
Sociology can help pharmacists gain better understanding of why people experience health differently according to their social, economic or political situations
![Page 11: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Relevance of Sociology to Pharmacy
Effective Pharmacist
Ability to influence beliefs & behaviors
Psychology
Sociology
![Page 12: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health WHO Definition
The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age, including the health system
These are shaped by distribution of money, power & resources at global, national & local levels, which are themselves influenced by policy choices
Are mostly responsible for health inequities (unfair and avoidable differences in health status )seen within and between countries
![Page 13: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health
![Page 14: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Social Determinants of HealthNeighborhood
conditions& communities
Lifetime & generational
factors
Working conditions
Income & wealthRace & racism
Education
Gender
![Page 15: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health
Neighborhood conditions
• Water/air quality• Housing factors (overcrowding, exposure to dust)• Access to food• Access to an environment to exercise• Quality of local services (transportation, medical care)• Social relations (trust & understanding)
![Page 16: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health
Working conditions
• Physical nature of work• Noise levels• Exposure to hazardous chemicals• Long working hours/shift-work• Stressful jobs• Earnings & benefits• Unemployment
![Page 17: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health
Education
• Literacy level• Employment opportunities• Healthier work conditions & higher pay
Income & Wealth
• Increased income associated with better education quality, childhood circumstances, working conditions
![Page 18: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health
Race, Racism
• Living in an area in accordance to race resulting in neighborhood inadequate resources
• Long term stress from ethnic bias
Stress
• Can lead to progression or development of disease• Can lead to uptake of risky health behaviors
![Page 19: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Social Determinants of Health
Lifetime & generational factors
• Childhood experiences• Health & wellbeing of pregnant mothers• Aging & deteriorating social ties
Gender differences
• Women on average live longer than men• Men more involved in risky employment, unhealthy
behavior as well as higher stress level
![Page 20: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Health Outcomes Data Health according to WHO
A state of complete physical, social and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease
Emphasis on certain prerequisite for health Peace Adequate economic resources Food & shelter Stable eco-system Sustainable resource use
![Page 21: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Health Outcomes Data Health statistics may be expressed based on:
Socioeconomic classification Gender Geographic region Ethnicity
Examples of health statistics: Life expectancy Mortality rates Self-reported health
![Page 22: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Life Expectancy in KSA, 2012 Data (WHO)
http://gamapserver.who.int/gho/interactive_charts/mbd/life_expectancy/atlas.html
![Page 23: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mortality Rate in KSA, 2012 Data (WHO)
http://gamapserver.who.int/mapLibrary/Files/Maps/Global_Death_rates_2012.png
![Page 24: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Commonly Investigated Health Behaviors
Smoking Alcohol consumption Obesity Sexual health
![Page 25: Importance of Sociology & Psychology to Pharmacy Basma Kentab, MSc. September 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d995503460f94a837bc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
References Donyai, Parastou. Social and cognitive pharmacy:
theory and case studies. London: Pharmaceutical Press;2012. Chapter 1