Important People to Know

History of the Hawaiian Kingdom

People to know of Ancient Hawaii• Kāmehameha• Kekūhaupi’o • Kalaniopu’u • Kīwala’ō • Keoua• Keawemauhili • Kahekili• Kalanikupule • Isaac Davis• John Young

Kāmehameha• “The Lonely One”• Given the war god, “Kū ka ilimoku.”• Defeated rivals (Kīwala’ō, Keoua,

Keawemauhili, Kahekili, and Kalanikupule) to take over the Hawaiian Islands.

• Kaumuali’i (King of Kaua’i) surrenders to Kāmehameha without war.

• Used own skills and leadership with the help of foreigners to unify the Hawaiian Islands.

Kekūhaupi’o

• The famous ancient Hawaiian warrior that trained young Kāmehameha.

Kalaniopu’u• King of the Hawaii Island.• Uncle of Kāmehameha.• Gave kingship to his son, Kīwala’ō.• Gave land in Hawaii island to younger son,

Keoua.• Gave family war god, Kūka’ilimoku, to

Kāmehameha.– This decision left a bitter rivalry between

Kamehameha and Kīwala’ō.

Kīwala’ō

• Son of Kalaniopu’u.• Young king of Hawaii island after father passes.• Defeated by Kāmehameha’s forces at the Battle

of Mokuōhai (Ke’eaumoku).

Keoua

• Youngest son of Kalaniopu’u.• Was to make peace with Kāmehameha at a

heiau, however, was killed by a spear(Ke’eaumoku).

Keawemauhili

• Kuhina nui (Chief’s advisor) of Kīwala’ō.• Changed the burial site of Kalaniopu’u and

divided land in Hawaii island.– Denied land to Kāmehameha.

• Killed by Keoua.

Kahekili• High chief of Maui and O’ahu.• Possibly the biological father of Kāmehameha.• Defeated by Kāmehameha’s forces(1791) off the

northeast coast of Hawai‘i Island in the sea battle known as Kepūwaha‘ula‘ula (“War of the Red Mouthed Cannon”), the first Hawaiian sea battle in which both sides were armed with foreign gunners and cannons.

• Gave kingship to half-brother, Ka’eo(Kaua’i, Maui, Lana’i, and Moloka’i) and his son, Kalanikupule (O’ahu).

Kalanikupule

• Son of Kahekili.• Defeated his uncle, Ka’eo for Maui kingdom.• Fought Kāmehameha in the battle of Nu’uanu.• Kalanikupule’s forces would be defeated and

his body would be sacrificed to Kāmehameha’s war god, Kūka ‘ilimoku.

• With the defeat, Kāmehameha would rule theMaui kingdom and O’ahu.

Isaac Davis

• Welsh advisor to Kāmehameha I.• He and John Young brought in Western

weapons(guns) that changed the fighting strategies of Hawaii forever.

• Davis dies as he drinks poison that was meant for King Kaumuali’i (former king of Kauai’i).

John Young

• British advisor to Kāmehameha I.• Along with Isaac Davis, Young educated

Hawaiians about Western weaponry and navalstrategies.

- Became the first “Royal Governor of Hawaii Island” when Kāmehameha was away.