important u.s. dates. 1492 in 1492, columbus sailed the ocean blue (the atlantic of course) from...
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Important U.S. Dates
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1492
In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue (the Atlantic of course) from Spain with three ships, the Nina, Pinta and the Santa Maria.
He was looking for a route to India. He didn’t find it!
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1620Mayflower Compact
Pilgrims sailed from England on the Mayflower to Massachusetts.
Before getting off boat they came up with an agreement for their government.
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Problems Start1754-1763
• French and Indian Warfighting over Ohio Valley (west of Appalachian Mountains) Both French and British claim to own it.
British Win- France leaves.Indians and colonist still
fighting• Proclamation of 1763
– No English to cross Appalachian Mountains
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“Colonist Must Pay”
• Quartering Act- 1765 colonist must house British soldiers (pay for their protection)
• Stamp Act- 1765 printed paper
• Tea Act- 1773 force colonist to buy British tea
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Boston Massacre
• 1770
• Tempers flaring
• 5 died
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Boston Tea Party
• 1773
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1776 Declaration of Independence
• Revolutionary War had already started with Britain
• Thomas Jefferson wrote• Explained why colonies
had right to be a separate nation
• Helped get other countries to support
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1781Articles of Confederation
• During Revolutionary War• Americans set up a weak
government– It didn’t work– Government could not
collect taxes– Government couldn’t
enforce laws
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1787Constitution
• Set up state governments and• Strong national government• Set up 3 branches of
government– Legislative branch- make
laws– Executive branch- enforce
or carry out laws– Judicial branch- interpret
laws
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Executive Branch
• Carries out laws• Can approve or veto laws
National level:– President– Vice President– President’s Cabinet
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Legislative Branch
National and State• Makes laws
– Senate
– House of Representatives
Local• Makes laws
– City Council/City Commission
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Judicial Branch
• Interprets laws
– Supreme Court– Chief Justice John
Roberts– Decides whether
laws are constitutional
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Checks and Balances
Each branch has power over the other branches so no branch gets too powerful
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1791 The Bill of Rights
• First 10 amendments to the Constitution
• Protect the rights – liberties of people
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First Amendment
• Freedom of speech, religion, and press
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Second Amendment
• Citizens have the right to own and carry weapons
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Third Amendment
• Government cannot force people to let soldiers stay in their homes during times of peace.
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Fourth Amendment
• Government cannot search people without good reason.
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Fifth Amendment
• Citizens accused of crimes have certain rights
• You can’t be tortured to admit to crimes
• Can’t be jailed proper trial
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Sixth Amendment
• People have the right to a fair trial by jury