Preparing the City of Toronto for

Automated Vehicles March 8, 2018,

Fahad Khan, IEEE Symposium on Smart Cities and Transportation

City of Toronto and AVs

The City of Toronto does not have an official policy or position

on automated and/or autonomous vehicles.

The views and opinions contained in this presentation do not

represent those of the City of Toronto.

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What is an Automated Vehicle?

Automated vehicles are

those in which at least some

aspects of a safety-critical

control function (e.g.,

steering, throttle, or braking)

occur without direct driver

input. • Source: NHTSA Preliminary

Statement of Policy Concerning

Automated Vehicles (May 30, 2013)

• Vehicles can be partially or fully

automated. This scale from the

Society of Automotive Engineers

illustrates the differences.

Partially Automated Highly Automated Autonomous

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What is a Connected Vehicle?

Connected vehicles communicate with other vehicles (“v2v”),

infrastructure (“v2i”), or more through various technologies and networks

(“v2x”).

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Connected Vehicles

Automated Vehicles

Vehicles may be automated, connected, or autonomous, or any combination thereof.

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When Will AVs Arrive on City Streets?

Manufacturer 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020-25 2025-30 2030-35

2 3 3-4

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2 4

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3 4

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2 3 4

2 4 5

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Original source: Mashable; updated 2017

OEM Estimates by Level of Automation (2016):

Looking Back: First Auto Uses (U of T)

1876: First 1-cylinder engine

1885: Benz Velo

1908: Model-T is introduced 1914-1918: WW1

1891: First Truck

1914: $5 Workday

1906: San Francisco

Earthquake

1917: Model-F Tractor

1933: Drive-In movies invented

1920s: Buses

emerge

1894: World’s first

Car Race

1913: First Snow Plow

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Automated Vehicles and Disruption

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Conceptual Model of the Realignment to and Dealignment from the Internal Combustion-powered Automobile

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Approach to Date: Ask Better Questions

What is an AV?

What forms of transportation and trip types will likely be impacted first?

How could AVs change transportation demand and patterns in this area?

What options does the City have to guide or respond to these changes?

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1. Leadership and Engagement

2. Preparation

3. Integration

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Acceptance Spectrum

Resist Observe Embrace

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City of Toronto and AVs - Staff Approach

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Interdivisional Working

Group (IDWG) on AVs

June 2016

City Clerk City Manager’s

Office City

Planning

Economic Develop-

ment

Environ-ment & Energy

Fire Services

Fleet Services

Insurance and Risk

Mgmt

Informa-tion & Tech

Legal Municipal Licensing

Revenue Services

Toronto Building

Employ-ment & Social

Services

Office of Partner-

ships

Parking Authority

Police Services

Public Health

Transit (TTC)

Transport-ation

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Coalition

2019-2021 Tactical Plan Topics

Preamble

1. Equity

2. Environmental Impacts

3. Road Safety

4. Modal Shift

5. Transit-Centric

6. Traffic Management

7. Public Service Vehicles

8. Economic Development

9. Privacy and Security

10. Business Intelligence

Postscript

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• Ten statements • Based on today’s

knowledge • Direct causality – how AVs

are linked directly • Equity & Environment are

cross-cutting • None of the statements will

supersede Council-approved policies, plans, strategies and directives (the “strategic”)

• Activities will be in conjunction with other orders of government as necessary.

Uncertainties

• Technological application and extent of adoption/availability

• Extent of disruption to current business models

• New use cases?

• Changes to public and private sector roles

• Public acceptance

• Infrastructure demands / needs

• Impact on transportation

system and demand

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Uncertainties – Business Models

• Which applications have the strongest business case?

– Local freight (personal deliveries)

– Long-distance freight (trucking)

– Local passenger (urban)

• Private ownership

• Shared/fleet ownership

– Long-distance passenger (expressway/interurban)

– Closed environments (campus, industrial site)

– Service vehicles (road maintenance, waste collection)

– Novelty (Segway!)

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What is the Status of AVs in Toronto?

• No official position

• Public Works and Infrastructure Committee & City Council direction

• Staff discussions and strategizing

• Academic partnerships

• Networking with other cities

• Research and exploratory projects

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Questions? Fahad Khan Ryan Lanyon Project Lead, AVs Chair, AV Working Group 416-397-9710 416-392-1799 fkhan6@toronto.ca rlanyon@toronto.ca @khanfhk @ryan_lanyon

toronto.ca/Automated-Vehicles