imre’s capabilities and potential contribution to the marine ......key properties of imre’s...
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IMRE’s Capabilities and Potential Contribution to the Marine and Offshore Industry
LEONG Yew Wei
IMRE’s Current Involvement & Interests in Marine and Offshore Projects
1) Materials Innova0on for Marine & Offshore Applica0ons (MIMO) Program
2) Innova0ve Marine An0fouling Solu0ons for High Value Applica0ons (IMAS)
3) Ultrasonic sensors and transducers from advanced piezoelectric materials for underwater applica0ons
High Performance Protective Coating for Risers
The structure of a typical flexible riser
Background: the need for corrosion protection of risers has provided a great challenge for today’s coating industry.
Requirements of riser coating: a low volatile organic compound content, cost-effectiveness, high performance, etc.
Objectives: This project aims to develop natural or synthetic layered silicates/clay, and hollow spheres-filled elastomeric polyurethane composites. These composites are anticipated to show improved water-impermeable and impact properties.
Approaches: (1) Clay-modified polyurethane coating and (2) Hollow spheres-filled polyurethane coating
Benefits: Significant reduction of water uptake for riser coatings Longer service life of risers Cost-effective coating for risers
Principal Investigator: Xu Jian Wei Co-Investigator: Liu Ye
Epoxy/Clay and Silica Nanocomposites and their Applications to GFRP/CFRP for Composite Risers
Principal Investigator: He Chao Bin Co-Investigator: Chua Yang Choo
Advantages Lower cost due to small amount of organic modifiers Good dispersion of clay Simultaneous improvement in modulus and toughness
Conven0onal Approach
IMRE’s Approach
Epoxy/Clay Nanocomposites
“Slurry Compounding” Approach
“Solvent-‐Free One-‐Pot Synthesis”
60-‐75 nm
Epoxy/Silica Nanocomposites
1. Epoxy 2. Hardener 3. TEOS 4. Silane (APTMS) 5. NH3 solu0on
1 hr, 50oC
FabricaGon of CFRP
Objectives To develop new epoxy/clay and epoxy/silica nanocomposites that can be incorporated to glass fiber and carbon fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP/CFRP) for composite risers.
PP/Nylon-Clay-Glass Fiber Ternary Composites and its Application in Flexible Composite Risers
Principal Investigator: Leong Yew Wei Co-Investigator: Li Xu
Objectives: To develop lightweight thermoplastic ternary composites that possess better barrier properties and fatigue resistance in order to provide fluid integrity to flexible risers.
Requirements for thermoplastic sheath: - Lightweight - Good barrier to water, gas and corrosive
chemicals - High resistance to abrasion - Ability to withstand static as well as dynamic
loads under high temperatures
Approaches: (1) Blending of Nylon11 with glass fiber reinforced PP via reactive compounding in order to reduce density while improving hydrolytic stability. (2) Incorporation of clay to improve barrier properties and toughness of composites. Benefits: • Much lower weight, reducing top tension • Higher barrier properties due to more complicated
tortuous path, reduced corrosion to other metallic parts and good blistering resistance
• Superior fatigue performance • High abrasive resistance
Clay sheets
Glass fiber
Tortuous path
Lightweight, Corrosion Resistant Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs)
Requirements Materials with low weight, high corrosion resistance and stiffness
Our R&D Lightweight CFRPs with great mechanical properties and high thermal stability fabricated through the lamination of high performance, low viscosity and low-cost nanocomposite matrices onto carbon fiber layers
Distinct Advantages Great adhesive bonding inside material Homogeneous dispersion of matrices in carbon fiber fabric High strength and Low weight Good corrosive resistance
Key Properties of IMRE’s CFRPs High thermal stability Tg ~ 170-210 ° C, Td ~ 380-415°C Good mechanical properties (compared with neat epoxy CFRP) 10-25% improvements on flexural and tensile modulus 30% improvement on interlaminar fracture toughness
Rough surface represented high toughness material is shown in IMRE’s CFRP (a), while smooth surface of brittle matrix with low resistance to crack propagation is obtained from neat epoxy CFRP (b).
Approach: Quantify bio-response of marine organisms & their molecular-level interactions with surfaces
Strategy: Biomimetic surfaces Surface topological patterning Surface chemistry Surface mechanical performance
IMAS Innovative Marine Antifouling Solutions for High Value Applications
Polymer Synthesis: controlled polymerization synthesis of polymeric brushes
Patterning hot embossing polymer casting
Marine organisms: exploration/settlement of barnacles, tubeworms and other foulers
AFM protein investigations: profilometry of deposited footprint protein adhesion force of single protein molecule
Marine Biofouling
…is the undesirable accumula0on of microorganisms, plants, and animals on the surface of ar0ficial structures immersed in seawater.
Marine biofouling incurs economical costs for all mari0me industries, resul0ng in increased fuel costs and mechanical damage. It is also a vector in the prolifera0on of invasive species in marine ecosystems.
Given the rapid growth of shipping, the marine offshore and hydroenergy industries, there is a pressing need for efficient and environmentally friendly an0fouling solu0ons.
Barnacles Tubeworms Mussels
Biomimicking surface topologies
A. J. Scardino, R. Nys, Biofouling 2011 27, 1, 73–86 © 2011 Taylor& Francis.
Sharklet TechnologiesTM
a Pilot whale (Baum et al. 2002) b, c Sea stars (Guenther and de Nys 2007), d Galapagos shark (Bechert et al. 2000) e Yellowfin leatherjacket (Wang et al. 2009) f, g Crab carapace (Bers and Wahl 2004).
Program manager at IMRE: Dominik JANCZEWSKI ([email protected])
Underwater Telephone
Intercept A.F.T
Towed Array
Flank Array & Horizontal Direct Passive Ranging Array
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Echo Sounder
Mine Avoidance
Array
Bow Array
H. F. Navigation Array
Intercept Forward
U. H. F. Intercept Array
Pressure sensor
Flooded member detec0on
Structural health
monitoring
Pipeline /well leakage detec0on
Energy harves0ng/Fric0on damper Piezoelectric
materials /devices
Under-‐water sonar
Structural health monitoring of oil rigs (Smart Mat. Struct. 2007)
Pipe corrosion evaluation (Physical Acoustics)
Gas leakage detection (Groveley)
Sonar for submarine applications