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In law a man is guilty when he violates the rights of others. In ethics he is guilty if he only thinks of doing so.

Immanuel Kant

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Ethics is the activity of man directed to secure the inner perfection of his own personality.

- Albert Schweitzer

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Rank Country Score

1. Denmark 90

1 New Zealand 90

2 Finland 89

3. Sweden 88

4 Switzerland 86

79 India 40

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Country Rank CPI WEF.EOS C.R.R IMD.Comp. Rule of Law

Denmark 1 90 85 83 98 85

New Zealand 1 90 90 83 95 79

China 79 40 53 47 42 37

India 79 40 54 34 39 34

CPI TI Corruption Perception Index

WEF.EOS World Economic Forum Executive Opinion Survey

CRR Country Risk Rate

IMD. Comp. IMD Competitiveness Ranking

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1. Political Corruption

2. Bureaucratic Corruption

3. Judicial Corruption

4. Professional Corruption

5. Business Corruption

6. Societal Corruption

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“This rot in the Congress is that of people’s representatives in the legislative bodies. They are vociferous about stopping the widespread corruption, but they themselves resort to worse corruption. They take money from people to get licenses, indulge in black-marketing, trade in ignorance of masses, corrupt the source of justice, and force administrative machinery to get transfers of administrative personnel.”

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1951

• GH Mudgal a Congress MP had taken Rs 1,000 each on two occasions from the Bullion Merchants Association to ask questions suggested by it.

• He was expelled from Lok Sabha after a resolution to that effect was moved by the Prime Minister Nehru

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1993

JMM MPs were bribed to defeat no confidence motion against Narsmha Rao Government. Each MP was paid Rs. 40 lakh

1998

Supreme Court ruled that the MPs enjoy immunity from prosecution under article 105(2) of the constitution

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• Ministers abusing their office • Urban land ceiling, appointment , transfers,

• Elected representatives acting as touts. • Contracts, Licenses , Mining leases, Transfers, postings

• Elected representatives acting as black mailers and extortionists.

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“An efficient, disciplined and contented service, assured of its prospects as a result of diligent

and honest work, is sine qua non of sound

administration under a democratic regime even

more than under authoritarian rule. The service

must be above party and we should ensure that

political considerations, either in its recruitment

or in its discipline, are reduced to the minimum, if

not eliminated altogether

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1. Honesty

2. Impartiality

3. Fearlessness

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1956

“India shared with Britain the distinction of having the best body of generalist civil servants in the world.”

-Paul Appleby

2012

Indian bureaucracy is about the worst in Asia, with a score of 9.21 out of 10.

Political and Economic Risk Consultancy

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• Chairman of Assam Public service commission arrested

• Chairman of Punjab Public service commission arrested

• Chairman of Maharashtra Public service commission arrested

• Vyapam scam

• Teachers recruitment in Haryana

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‘The Sardar established an ideal relationship between the political head and the officials working under him. When once a policy was agreed upon, the Sardar never interfered or bothered about details. It was as if I was the driver and he trusted me to get him to the agreed destination.”

‘On one occasion I took a decision in his absence and reported it to him afterwards. He told me that if he had been consulted he would not have taken that decision. I was very unhappy about this, but he asked me not to worry and said that every human being makes mistakes. When the matter subsequently came before the Cabinet he told them that the decision was his, and there the matter ended.’ - V P Menon

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Degeneration started even in ICS days

Matured post internal emergency of 1975

Took firm roots in coalition era

Now part of governance

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1958

Interference in the day-to-day administration became frequent; ICS officers who yielded to political pressure were promoted over the heads of their seniors, whereas those who resisted such pressures fell out of favour. Senior members of the service, in order to secure extension after superannuating or to get other lucrative appointments after retirement, were only too ready to carry out the behest of the ministers even when they found such requests to be contrary to the dictates of their conscience

-C S Chandra ICS

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1975

I was immediately transferred from the chairmanship of RSEB. A senior CBI officer was dispatched from Delhi to book me for any corruption mismanagement or inefficiency that may be located or fished out in my working. In a quick turn of events the Central Government had instructed the State Government to dismiss me from service.

Shri Mangal Bihari IAS (Retd)

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2002

Arbitrary and questionable methods of appointments, promotions and transfers of officers by political superiors also led to corrosion of moral basis of its independence. It has strengthened the temptation in the services to collusive practices with the politicians. They will do a politician’s bidding rather than adhere to rules.

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2006

“Any party which comes to power tends to appoint pliable bureaucrats who are expected to carry out the wishes of party leaders, irrespective of their merit or legality. If a bureaucrat does not comply, he is likely to be transferred to another position. In Uttar Pradesh over half the corps of IAS officers was transferred within twelve months of posting”

- Bimal Jhalan

former Governer RBI

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2013

A 2009-batch IAS officer Durga Shakti Nagpal posted as Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM) of Gautam Budh Nagar suspended for leading crackdown on UP sand mafia

- Hindu

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2016

Senior Haryana-cadre IAS officer Ashok Khemka was on Thursday transferred again by the Haryana government - the 47th transfer for the officer in 25 years of his service.

-Hindustan times

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1. Those willing to collude with political leaders and join them in loot.

2. Those unwilling to collude but unable to resist pressures.

3. A small minority, who despite all odds, still stand by the civil service values of integrity, impartiality and fearlessness.

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1. Sub-Collector

2. Collector

3. Municipal Commissioner

4. Managing Director

5. Principal Secretary (Industries)

6. Principal Secretary (PE)

7. Secretary (Coal)

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Anti-Corruption Strategies

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1. Role of Social Sanctions

2. Role of Legal Sanction

(a) Certainty of Punishment

(b) Quantum of Punishment

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1. Transparent political funding

2. State funding of elections

3. Party accounts to be under RTI

4. Persons charged of serious crimes to be barred from elections

5. Persons convicted of serious crimes to be barred from elections for life.

6. Use technology and reduce cost of elections

7. Enforceable code of conduct for elected representatives. 29

1. Inculcation of civil service ethos during induction training.

2. Constitution of Civil Service Board

a. Grievance redressal

b. Disciplinary action

c. Sanction prosecutions

3. Security of Tenure

4. Extension of service and post retirement assignments to be banned

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1. Special Tribunals to deal with corruption cases against the Ministers, Members of Parliament, Members of State Legislatures and all Civil Servants, Joint Secretary and above.

2. Only one appeal in the Supreme Court

3. Final orders within two years.

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As Civil Servants You can make a difference !

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