in the webs of mobile tech
TRANSCRIPT
In the Webs of Mobile Tech
Stefanie Panke
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
AACE E-Learn 2017, Vancouver (CA)
Background: World Wide Webs
• Internet not a deterritorialized technology (Goggin & McLelland, 2017)
• Series of 'Webs’, organized along linguistic and national lines (DMI, 2017).
• Search engines, e-commerce and media sites localize content.
• Local factors continue to structure and shape the Internet cultures of different nations and language communities’ (Goggin & McLelland, 2017).
Domain: Children’s Screen Time
• Debate About Children’s Screen Time: How much? What effects?
• Contrasting nationally grounded cultural views: United States, France, Germany
Screen Time: Polarizing Researchers
https://www.theguardian.com/science/head-quarters/2017/jan/06/screen-time-guidelines-need-to-be-built-on-evidence-not-hype
https://www.theguardian.com/education/2016/dec/25/screen-based-lifestyle-harms-health-of-children
Methodology: Data Sources
• Google Search Results• “enfants écrans”• “Screen time children”• “Bildschirmzeit/ -nutzung Kinder”
• Memes• “Digitale Demenz”• “App Gap” / Metrics (e.g. ‘The Starling’)• “3-6-9-12”
• Media• New York Times, Times Magazine• Le Monde, L’Express• Die Zeit, Spiegel Online, FAZ,
Sueddeutsche Zeitung
• Search Queries on Wikipedia• Screen time• Bildschirmzeit• médias basés sur écran
• Wikipedia Entries• Internetsucht / --• Internet Addiction / Mobile over use• Dependence Internet / Dependence
Au Smartphone
Differences - How Much Is Recommended?
• Germany: Maximum of 20-30 minutes for children aged 3 to 6, 45 minutes for the age group 7-10, and ideally no screen time for under 3-year olds.
• USA: No more than one hour per day for children ages 2 to 5 years, no more than 3 hours for the age group 7-10.
• France: No TV under 3, no games under 6, no Internet use (unsupervised) under 9, no social media under 12
• France: 3 years 15-30 minutes, 4-6 years 45 minutes, 6-10 years 1h30 minutes, 11-14 years 2 hours. (Tisseron, 2015)
http://www.20minutes.fr/societe/1724927-20151105-television-tablette-smartphone-faut-associer-usage-ecrans-chez-enfants-duree
Differences – How Much Actually?
Data for Germany (DIVSI, 2015)• More than half of the 8-year-olds (55
percent) are online.• Of the 6-year-olds, almost one-third are
on the Internet.• Among the 3-year-olds it is already every
tenth child. • Even children without reading and writing
skills can independently visit websites, using symbols to navigate.
• 79 % of children aged 6-13 watch TV daily, 38% use smartphones (KIM, 2014)
Differences – How Much Actually?
France:
• On average, French children age 6-17 spend more than 4 hours a day in front of a console, television or computer (LeMonde, 2017, based on 2015 data).
France: Internet Use per week (IPSOS, 2015)
Differences – How Much Actually?
• 66 percent of US children between the ages of 3 and 14 use the Internet (NTIA, 2016).
• 38% of children under two use a mobile device (Common Sense Media, 2013).
• Seven out of ten children under age eight have used mobile devices (Common Sense Media, 2013).
• 24% of teens (13-19) go online “almost constantly” (Pew, 2015)
• 92% of teens (13-19) report going online daily (Pew, 2015)
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/136/6/1044.full.pdf
Top Results
Example: 3-6-9-12
In France, the rule “3-6-9-12” has reached significant traction.
Suggested searches
Differences: Memes and Media
• Digital Dementia (Germany)
• 3-6-9-12 (France)
• Mental and physical health concerns (France)
• Links between screen time and autism (US, France)
• Links between screen time socioeconomic status and race (U.S.)
• Balanced media diet more important than regulations (Germany, U.S.)
• Forego the loosing battle on screen time (Germany, U.S.)
• Lack of focus in class, changing learning behaviors (France, Germany)
• Ambivalent view of mobile tech as learning tool or learning obstacle (‘app gap ’) (U.S.)
Differences: Memes and Media
Media Coverage
My wife and I, like so many parents around the world,
fought and lost many battles over the children's screen
times. The fact that we lost so often is also due to the fact
that ultimately it is unclear what exactly we are fighting
for. Is one hour a day correct? Or one per week? What is
too much? What is not enough? And at what age?
Balanced Media Diet
Digital games do make children
neither dumb nor ill, according to
psychotherapist Georg Milzner.
They promote competences.
Unfortunately also some
undesirable ones.
Wikipedia
• Wikipedia French: SmarthponeAddiction / Internet Addiction / ‘Nomophobie’
• Wikipedia English: Screen Time / Mobile Over Use / Internet Addiction
• Wikipedia German: --/ Internet Addiction / Digital Media
Questions: What entries exist? What statistics, instruments and articles are referenced? How controversial is the entry (discussion page)?
Conclusion & Outlook
• Mobile Technology: ‘The most successful and certainly the most rapidly adopted new technology in the world’ (Katz, 2008)
• In addition to personal experiences, search results, popular web resources (Wikipedia) and media coverage shape our world
• Controversial topics in different cultural spheres – look beyond the horizon
• Limitation:• Unclear boundaries
• Constantly changing material (Timestamps / Screenshots)
• Researcher Bias (You don’t know what you don’t know)
Stefanie Panke
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
panke.web.unc.edu
SIG Chair Special Interest Group Design
AACE Social Media Coordinator
Innovatelearningreview.org
Thank
You!