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INDIA

Chapter 13

THE MAKING OF THE MODERN INDIAN STATE Politics in Action

Anticorruption movement

Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

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Section 1

THE MAKING OF THE MODERN INDIAN STATE Geographic Setting

Subcontinent of Asia Rich geography with three diverse

topographic zones Variety of climates Separated by the Himalayas and the Indian

Ocean


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Section 1


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THE INDIAN NATION AT A GLANCE


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THE MAKING OF THE MODERN INDIAN STATE Critical Junctures

The Colonial Legacy (1757-1947) Indian Rebellion

The Nationalist Movement and Partition (1885-1947)

The Nehru Era (1947-1964) Patronage system Nonaligned bloc


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THE MAKING OF THE MODERN INDIAN STATE Critical Junctures

The Indira Gandhi Era (1966-1984) Emergency (1975-1977)

Coalition Governments (1989 to the Present) September 11th and Its Aftermath


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THE FOUR THEMES AND INDIA

India in a Globalized World of States Governing the Economy The Democratic Idea The Politics of Collective Identity Implications for Comparative Politics


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Where Do You Stand?

Would India have been better off with a more authoritarian system?

Is democracy really meaningful for those who do not have enough to eat and may not be able to read and write?


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POLITICAL ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT State and Economy

The Economy after Independence Green revolution State-led economic development

Economic Liberalization Reforms in Agriculture


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Section 2

GDP Growth, 2004-2012


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POLITICAL ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT Society and Economy

Inequality and Social Welfare Policy Naxalite revolutionary movement High population of child labor Caste hierarchy

The untouchables—or scheduled castes


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Educational Levels by Gender


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POLITICAL ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT Environmental Issues

Pollution in the lakes and rivers Deforestation Illegal mining National Action Plan Chipko movement Narmada Bachao Andolan (Save the

Narmada Struggle)


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POLITICAL ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT India in the Global Economy

Federal investment remains low Excels in computer software Prime destination for corporate call centers


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Where Do You Stand?

Will economic growth on its own solve the problem of poverty in India?

There is an old argument that democracies are no good at promoting growth. What does this India case teach you about this argument?


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GOVERNANCE AND POLICY-MAKING

Organization of the State Lok Sabha (lower house of parliament) Rajya Sabha (upper house of parliament)


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Section 3

GOVERNANCE AND POLICY-MAKING The Executive

The Prime Minister and Cabinet The Prime Minister The Cabinet The Bureaucracy

Indian Administrative Service (IAS)


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GOVERNANCE AND POLICY-MAKING Other State Institutions

The Military and the Police The Judiciary

Zamindars Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA)

Subnational Government Panchayats


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GOVERNANCE AND POLICY-MAKING The Policy-Making Process

Most legislation is passed because the prime minister usually commands a majority in parliament

Policy shift to economic liberalization Implementation after adopting policies is

challenging


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Where Do You Stand?

Is India too centralized?

The poor quality of local bureaucracy in India is not a problem because active civil society groups can solve local problems. Discuss.


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION The Legislature

Bicameral Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha


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Section 4

Women in Parliament


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION Political Parties and the Party System

The Congress Party The Janata Party and Janata Dal

Mandal Commission “Other backward classes”


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION Political Parties and the Party System

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) The Communist Party of India (CPM) The Aam Admi Party (Common Man Party)


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION Elections

Good turnout rate Campaigning

Television Personal contacts between politicians and voters

Pictures of party symbols are critical because of low literacy rates


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION Political Culture, Citizenship, and Identity

Political/public and private spheres are not sharply differentiated Results in corruption

India elite is extremely factionalized Regions are highly differentiated by language

and culture Hindus pitted against Muslims


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION Interest Groups, Social Movements, and

Protest Labor unions Social movements

Dalit movement Anticorruption movement


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REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION The Political Impact of Technology

Cell phones and Internet have revolutionized communication

Political parties and social movements use Internet to gain support

Technology has influenced military weaponry and strategy

Employ technology to monitor


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Where Do You Stand?

Since democracy is about preventing the abuse of power, fragmentation of power in India is a good thing. Discuss.

Based on what you have learned about Indian politics and the BJP, do you think the election of Narendra Modi is a good, new direction for India?


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INDIAN POLITICS IN TRANSITION Political Challenges and Changing

Agendas The Challenge of Ethnic Diversity Political Violence India-Pakistan Tensions


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Section 5


Agendas Nuclear Weapons Kashmir in a World of States India’s Regional Relations Economic Performance


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Agendas International Power and Domestic Prosperity Institutional Decay


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INDIAN POLITICS IN TRANSITION Youth Politics and the Generational Divide

Young country Young people are active in struggles against

corruption and antiquated rape laws


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INDIAN POLITICS IN TRANSITION Indian Politics in Comparative Perspective

Democratic consolidation Relationship between democratic institutions

and multiethnic societies Success in providing education Welfare produces success in the economy

sphere


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Where Do You Stand?

Religious groups in India should not have separate laws governing such issues as marriage or inheritance. All these issues should be covered under a single law applicable to all Indians. Discuss.

India’s lowest castes have gained in dignity and, even though poor, now feel more included in the Indian political system. Discuss.


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