india unifies
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India Unifies. World History - Libertyville HS. Mauryan Empire (320-230 BC). Native rulers of northern India were disorganized, petty and competing for dominance In reaction to invasion by Alexander the Great, local leaders banned together to resist Greeks - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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India Unifies
World History - Libertyville HS
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Mauryan Empire (320-230 BC)• Native rulers of northern
India were disorganized, petty and competing for dominance
• In reaction to invasion by Alexander the Great, local leaders banned together to resist Greeks
• Began consolidation into a centralized state
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Mauryan Empire• Over next 90 years,
the Mauryan family emerged as dominant– Based in Ganges river
valley– Conquered most of
subcontinent – Recovered territory
from Seleucids in the West
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Mauryan Kings• Chandragupta (322-298
BC)– Threw out Seleucids– Recognized as Indian ruler
by Egypt, Syria• Ashoka the Great (278-
232 BC)– Grandson of Chandragupta– Completed conquest of
subcontinent, NW into Asia
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Mauryan Kings• Ashoka
– Converted to Buddhism after a particularly brutal war
– Conversion encouraged spread of Buddhism• Cultural diffusion (trade)• Syria, Macedonia• Didn’t “stick” in India
– Ashoka ordered thousands of inscripted pillars throughout India• Sayings, stories of Buddha
written on them
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Mauryan Culture• Religious tolerance• Respect for human
dignity• Government
– Autocracy at national level– Democracy at village
(local) level• Caste divisions were
well established– Idea was to promote unity
within kingdom
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Mauryan Culture• Complex central
government– Collected taxes– Encouraged trade– Maintained
communications through road building program
– Spy system throughout empire
• Planted banyan trees to give shade to travelers
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Post Mauryan India (184 BC to 320 AD)
• Last emperor assassinated; empire fragmented
• Two religions worshipped: Hinduism & Buddhism
• Hinduism in form that would be recognized as modern Hinduism
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Gupta Dynasty (320-430s AD)• Ruled along Ganges
River Valley• Ushered in golden age
of Hindu culture– Art, science, architecture
flourished– Buddhism spread into
China due to Chinese pilgrims visiting India
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Gupta Empire• Guptas directly ruled
densely populated Ganges River Valley
• Indirectly ruled rest of subcontinent– Traded with Persians,
Byzantines– Influence extended
into SE Asia (Cambodia, Burma)
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Decline of Gupta Empire• Series of weak rulers• Invaded by Huns
– Conquered much of India
– Eventually absorbed into dominant Indian culture
• Gupta empire ended in 550 AD w/ death of last king