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IndiayearBook-1

1. LandandthePeople

Indianneighborhood


ImportantpassesofIndia

NearSikkim:


MajorRiverBasins:

Thereare12majorriverbasinsinIndia(drainageexceeding20,000sqkm).Theseare

1. Indus2. Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna3. Godavari4. Krishna5. Cauvery6. Mahanadi7. Pennar8. Brahmani-Baitarni9. Sabarmati10. Mahi11. Narmada12. Tapti


Additionalinformationoffewrivers:

1. Pennar:

• Locatedinpeninsular India,thePennarbasinextendsoverstatesof

AndhraPradeshandKarnatakahavinganareaof55,213Sq.kmwithmaximumlengthandwidthof433kmand266km.

• ThefanshapedbasinisboundedbytheErramalarangeonthenorth,by theNallamalaandVelikondarangesof theEasternGhatson theeast, by the Nandidurg hills on the south and by the narrow ridge


separating it from the Vedavati valley of the Krishna Basin on thewest

• ThePennar(alsoknownasUttaraPinakini)isoneofthemajorriversof the peninsula. The Pennar rises in theChennaKasavahill of theNandidurg range, inChikkaballapuradistrictofKarnatakaand flowstowardseasteventuallydrainingintotheBayofBengal.

• The principal tributaries of the river joining from left are theJayamangali,theKunderuandtheSagileruwhereastheChiravati,thePapagniandtheCheyyerujoinsitfromright

2. Brahmani-Baitarniriver

• ThebasinconsistingofBrahmaniandBaitarniextendsoverstatesofOdisha,JharkhandandChhattisgarhhavinganareaof51,822Sq.km

• ThebasinisboundedbytheChhotanagpurPlateauonthenorth,bythe ridge separating it fromMahanadi basin on the west and thesouthandbytheBayofBengalontheeast.

• TheBrahmanisubbasincovers39,033Sq.kmandhasalongsausageshape. The Baitarni sub basin extends over 12,789 Sq.km and isroughlycircularinshape.

• TheBrahmani,knownasSouthKoel in itsupper reaches, risesnearNagrivillageinRanchidistrictofJharkhandatanelevationofabout600m

• TheimportanttributariesofBrahmanijoiningitfromleftaretheKaro,andtheSankhwhereastheTikrajoinsfromright.Themain


• tributariesofBaitarnijoiningfromleftaretheSalandiandtheMatai.


Sabarmati:

• TheSabarmatibasinextendsoverstatesofRajasthanandGujarathavinganareaof21,674Sq.kmwithmaximumlengthandwidthof300kmand150km.

• ThebasinisboundedbyAravallihillsonthenorthandnorth-east,byRannofKutchonthewestandbyGulfofKhambhatonthesouth.

• The basin is roughly triangular in shapewith the Sabarmati River as thebaseandthesourceoftheVatrakRiverastheapexpoint.


• SabarmatioriginatesfromAravallihillsatanelevationof762mnearvillageTepur,inUdaipurdistrictofRajasthan.

• Thetotal lengthofriverfromorigintooutfall intotheArabianSea is371kmanditsprincipaltributariesjoiningfromleftaretheWakal,theHathmatiandtheVatrakwhereastheSeijoinstheriverfromright

• Mahi


• The Mahi basin extends over states of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan andGujarathaving totalareaof34,842Sq.kmwithamaximum lengthandwidthofabout330kmand250km

• It isboundedbyAravallihillson thenorthand thenorth-west,byMalwaPlateauontheeast,bytheVindhyasonthesouthandbytheGulfofKhambhatonthewest.MahiisoneofthemajorinterstatewestflowingriversofIndia.

• ItoriginatesfromthenorthernslopesofVindhyasatanaltitudeof500mnearvillageBhopawar,SardarpurtehsilinDhardistrictofMadhyaPradesh.

• TheSomis itsprincipaltributarywhichjoinsfromright,andtheAnasandthePanamjoinstheriverfromleft.ItdrainsintotheArabianSeathroughtheGulfofKhambhat.

Tapti


• The basin extends over states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra andGujarathavinganareaof65,145Sq.kmwithamaximumlengthandwidthof534&196km

• SituatedintheDeccanplateau,thebasinisboundedbytheSatpurarangeon the north, by theMahadev hills on the east, by the Ajanta Range and theSatmalahillsonthesouthandbytheArabianSeaonthewest.

• ItoriginatesnearMultaireserveforestinBetuldistrictofMadhyaPradeshatanelevationof752m.Thetotal lengthoftheriverfromorigintooutfall intotheArabianSeais724km

• Its important tributaries are the Suki, the Gomai, the Arunavati and theAner which joins it from right, and those joining from left are the Vaghur, theAmravati, theBuray, thePanjhra, theBori, theGirna, thePurna, theMonaandtheSipna.


MonsoonMap:


2.NationalSymbols

Nationalflag:NCERT

• ItisthesymboloflandandpeopleofIndia• Dr. SRadhakrishnan, “Bhagwaor the saffron colourdenotes renunciation

ordisinterestedness.Thewhite in thecentre is light, thepathof truth toguideourconduct.Thegreenshowsourrelationtothesoil,ourrelationtotheplantlifehereonwhichallotherlifedepends.TheAshokawheelisthewheelofthe lawofdharma.Truthorsatya,dharmaorvirtueoughttobethe controlling priciples of those who work under flag. Again, the wheeldenotes motion. There is life in movement. India must move and goforward”

• FlagcanbeflownonalldaysincludingSundaysandholidays• Itshallbeflownonsuchabuildingatnightonveryspecialoccasions• Flagshouldnotbeusedasdraperyexcept instatefunerals.Even inthese

casesflagmustnotbeloweredintothegraveorburntinpyre• When the flag is in damage condition, it must not be thrown aside, but

shouldbedestroyedasawholeinprivate,preferablybyburning.• Flag can be used as a costume or uniform but should not be used as

undergarmentsorbelowthewaist• Itmustnotbeembroideredorprinteduponcushions,napkins• ShowingdisrespectorinsulttotheNationalFlagisapunishableoffence• Itmustnotbeflownfromasinglemastheadfordifferentflags.• Whenaforeigndignitarytravelsinacarprovided,theNationalFlagisflown

ontherightsideofthecarandtheFlagoftheforeigncountriesontheleftsideofthecar

• In the event of death of the President, the Vice- President or the PrimeMinister,theNationalFlagishalf-mastedthroughoutthecountry


3. Polity:DisasterManagement:

NDMALOGO:

Empowering Stakeholders for Improving the EffectivenessofDisasterManagementinIndia

• The NDMA Logo reflects the aspirations of this National Vision, ofempowering all stakeholders to improve the effectiveness of DisasterManagementinIndia.

• The Map of India, embossed in gold, in the middle of the logo,circumscribed by the National Tricolor of Saffron, White and Greenrepresents the aspiration to contain the potential threat of natural andman-madedisastersthroughCapacityDevelopmentofallstakeholders.

• TheoutercircleisaGoldenRingofPartnershipofallStakeholders,whosehandholding isanexpressionoftheirsolidaritytosupplementtheeffortsoftheGovernment.

• NDMA in the inner circle in tranquilBlue integrates theentireprocessbyempoweringallstakeholdersatthelocal,district,stateandnationallevels.

• NDMA will catalyze this Community Empowerment through institutionalcapacity development, strengthened public awareness and communityresiliencebymainstreamingdisastermanagementinIndia.


DisasterManagementCycle:

http://www.ndma.gov.in/images/ndma-pdf/DM_act2005.pdf


4. AgricultureAdditionalSchemes:

1. PrimeMinisterFasalBimaYojana:

Thehighlightsofthisschemeareasunder:

i)Therewillbeauniformpremiumofonly2%tobepaidbyfarmersforallKharifcropsand1.5%forallRabicrops.Incaseofannualcommercialandhorticulturalcrops,thepremiumtobepaidbyfarmerswillbeonly5%.Thepremiumratestobe paid by farmers are very low and balance premium will be paid by theGovernment toprovide full insuredamount to the farmersagainst crop lossonaccountofnaturalcalamities.

ii)ThereisnoupperlimitonGovernmentsubsidy.Evenifbalancepremiumis90%itwillbebornebytheGovernment.

iii)Earlier, therewasaprovisionofcapping thepremiumratewhichresulted inlow claims being paid to farmers. This capping was done to limit Governmentoutgoonthepremiumsubsidy.Thiscappinghasnowbeenremovedandfarmerswillgetclaimagainstfullsuminsuredwithoutanyreduction.

iv)Theuseoftechnologywillbeencouragedtoagreatextent.Smartphoneswillbeusedtocaptureanduploaddataofcropcuttingtoreducethedelaysinclaimpaymenttofarmers.Remotesensingwillbeusedtoreducethenumberofcropcuttingexperiments.


2. SoilHealthCardScheme:

1. It is a Government of India’s scheme promoted by the Department ofAgriculture & Co-operation under the Ministry of Agriculture. It will beimplemented through the Department of Agriculture of all the State andUnion Territory Governments. A SHC is meant to give each farmer soilnutrient status of his holding and advice him on the dosage of fertilizersandalsotheneededsoilamendments,thatheshouldapplytomaintainsoilhealthinthelongrun.

2. SHC is aprinted report that a farmerwill behandedover for eachof hisholdings.Itwillcontainthestatusofhissoilwithrespectto12parameters,namelyN,P,K (Macro-nutrients) ;S (Secondary-nutrient) ;Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,Bo(Micro-nutrients);andpH,EC,OC(Physicalparameters).Basedonthis,theSHCwillalso indicatefertilizerrecommendationsandsoilamendmentrequiredforthefarm.

3. Itwillbemadeavailableonceinacycleof3years,whichwill indicatethestatusofsoilhealthofafarmer’sholdingforthatparticularperiod.TheSHCgiveninthenextcycleof3yearswillbeabletorecordthechangesinthesoilhealthforthatsubsequentperiod

4. Soil Samples are taken generally two times in a year, after harvesting ofRabiandKharifCroprespectivelyorwhenthereisnostandingcropinthefield

5. The State Government will refer 1% of all the samples in a year to a‘Referral Laboratory’ to analyze and certify on the results of PrimaryLaboratory.TheStateGovernmentwillbesupportedtoestablish ‘ReferralLaboratoriesasrequired

6. Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) Division; Department ofAgriculture & Cooperation will visit the States regularly and provideguidanceintechnicalmatters.


NATIONALMISSIONFORSUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURE(NMSA)

• NMSAisoneoftheeightMissionsoutlinedunderNationalActionPlanonClimateChange(NAPCC)

• NMSAhas been conceptualized by subsuming RainfedAreaDevelopmentprogramme(RADP),NationalMissiononMicroIrrigation(NMMI),NationalProject on Organic Farming (NPOF), National Project on Management ofSoil Health & Fertility (NPMSH&F) and Soil and Land Use Survey of Indiaunder its domain. NMSA will accord special focus for development ofrainfed areas, resource conservation,water use efficiency and soil healthmanagement.

PROGRAMMECOMPONENTS:(i) Rainfed Area Development: This component has been formulated in a‘watershed plus framework’, i.e., to explore potential utilization of naturalresourcesbase/assetsavailable/createdthroughwatersheddevelopmentandsoilconservation activities /interventions underMGNREGS, RKVY, IWMP etc. It willrelyonIntegratedFarmingSystem(IFS)forenhancingproductivityandminimizingrisksassociatedwithclimaticvariabilities.(ii)OnFarmWaterManagement:OFWMwillfocusprimarilyonenhancingwateruse efficiency by promoting efficient on-farm water management technologiesandequipment.(iii)SoilHealthManagement:SHMwillaimatpromotinglocationaswellascropspecificsustainablesoilhealthmanagementincludingresiduemanagement,organic farming practices byway of creating and linking soil fertilitymapswithmacro micro nutrient management, appropriate land use based on land type,judiciousapplicationoffertilizersandminimizingsoilerosion.(iv) Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture: Monitoring, Modelling &NetworkingCCSAMMN will provide creation and dissemination of climate change relatedinformation and knowledge by way of piloting climate changeadaptation/mitigation research/model projects in the domain of climate smartsustainable management practices and integrated farming systems suitable tolocalagro-climaticconditions.


6.BasicEconomicData:

MPLADS:

• Under the scheme, each MP has the choice to suggest to the DistrictCollectorfor,workstothetuneofRs.5Croresperannumtobetakenupinhis/herconstituency.

• TheRajya SabhaMember of Parliament can recommendworks in oneormoredistrictsintheStatefromwherehe/shehasbeenelected.

• TheNominatedMembersoftheLokSabhaandRajyaSabhamayselectanyDistrictsfromanyStateintheCountryforimplementationoftheirchoiceofworkunderthescheme.

TwentyPointProgram-2006:

• The Twenty Point Programme (TPP)was launched by theGovernment ofIndiain1975.

• Although the TPP has been in existence for the last 30 years, it is stillrelevant today as the desired objectives of eradication of poverty andimprovement in the quality of life of the common man have yet to becompletelyattained.

• TPP-1986hasnowbeenrestructuredkeepinginviewthechallengesofthe21stCenturywithparticularreferencetotheongoingprocessofeconomicreforms,liberalizationandglobalizationoftheIndianEconomy.

• It renews the nation's commitment to eradicating poverty, raisingproductivity, reducing income inequalities and removing social andeconomicdisparities.


GDPCalculation

• TherehavebeentwochangestotheGDPcalculations.Onewasachangeinthebaseyearforthecalculationwhichisdoneroutinelyeveryfiveyearsorso.Theotherwastoadoptanewmethodtomeasureoutput.

• IndianGDPwillbemeasuredbyusinggrossvalueadded (GVA)atmarketprice,ratherthanfactorcost.

• GDP is the total valueofgoodsandservicesproducedwithin thecountryduring a year. You take all final finished goods and services produceddomestically in volume terms andmultiply this by theirmarket prices toarriveat thevalueofoutput. Intermediategoodsneed tobeexcluded toavoiddouble-counting.

• In India GDP did not includewhat that the Government received . Now,whatitearnsbywayofindirecttaxessuchassalestaxandexcisedutyafterdeductingsubsidyisalsoaddedintotheGDP.

• The change inmethodof calculationhasbrought IndianGDP calculationsmoreinlinewithglobalpractise.

• Asforthebaseyearchange,itistheonlywaytoensurethattheproductsandservices includedintheGDPcalculationdoremaincontemporaryandreflectthepresentstateoftheeconomy.

• The latestchange inbaseyear from2004-05 to2011-12has included therecyclingindustrywhichdidn’tfigureintheearlierGDPcomputations.


8.CommunicationsandInformationTechnology:

• DigitalIndia:

• GovernmentofIndialaunchedNationale-GovernancePlan(NeGP)in2006.31MissionModeProjects covering various domainswere initiated.Despite thesuccessfulimplementationofmanye-Governanceprojectsacrossthecountry,e-Governanceasawholehasnotbeenabletomakethedesiredimpactandfulfilallitsobjectives.

• Ithasbeenfeltthatalotmorethrustisrequiredtoensuree-Governanceinthe country promote inclusive growth that covers electronic services, products,devicesandjobopportunities.Moreover,electronicmanufacturinginthecountryneedstobestrengthened.

• Inorder to transformtheentireecosystemofpublic services through theuseofinformationtechnology,theGovernmentofIndiahaslaunchedtheDigitalIndia programmewith the vision to transform India into a digitally empoweredsocietyandknowledgeeconomy.

HowDigitalIndiawillberealized:PillarsofDigitalIndia

• Digital India is an umbrella programme that coversmultiple GovernmentMinistries and Departments. It weaves together a large number of ideas andthoughts into a single, comprehensive vision so that each of them can beimplementedaspartofalargergoal.Eachindividualelementstandsonitsown,butisalsopartofthelargerpicture.

• Digital India is tobe implementedby theentireGovernmentwithoverallcoordination being done by the Department of Electronics and InformationTechnology(DeitY).

• Digital Indiaaimstoprovidethemuchneededthrusttotheninepillarsofgrowth areas, namely Broadband Highways, Universal Access to MobileConnectivity, Public Internet Access Programme, e-Governance: Reforming


Government through Technology, e-Kranti - Electronic Delivery of Services,Information for All, Electronics Manufacturing, IT for Jobs and Early HarvestProgrammes.

• Each of these areas is a complex programme in itself and cuts acrossmultipleMinistriesandDepartments.

NinePillars:

a. BroadbandHighways:Rural,UrbanandNationalInformationInfrastructure(Deity)

b. UniversalAccesstoMobileConnectivity:DoTc. Public Internet Access Program: Deity- common services centre, Dept of

Posts-postalofficesd. e-Governance: Reforming Government through Technology- All the

Ministriese. e-Kranti:ElectronicdeliveryofServices-alltheministriesf. InformationforAll:g. ElectronicsManufacturing:Deityh. ITforJobs:Deityi. EarlyHarvestProgrammes


9.Defence:

ThreatstoIndia

Source:IndianDefencereview

india year book-1 - amazon web services...jayamangali, the kunderu and the sagileru whereas the...

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