indian loanwords in english
DESCRIPTION
Indian Loanwords in English. 98501045Gloria. Number of Foreign Words in use at Various Points in the History of English. Nativisation of Loanwords. Words become assimilated and undistinguishable from indigenous English words, animal aunt chair change color cost - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Indian Loanwords in English
98501045Gloria
![Page 2: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Number of Foreign Words in use at Various Points in the History of English
Medieval 16c 17c 18c 19c 20c
French 19 42 166 316 736 1103
Classical 89 237 371 173 328 250
Italian -- 26 48 100 90 153
German -- 2 2 4 58 240
Spanish -- 13 14 14 47 32
Other European 4 10 13 22 49 53
Non-European 2 12 56 35 97 55
Total 114 342 670 664 1405 1886
![Page 3: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Nativisation of Loanwords
• Words become assimilated and undistinguishable from indigenous English words,
• animal aunt chair change color cost• dinner escape flower poor table uncle •
![Page 4: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Words may resist Nativisation to a greater or lesser degree
• billet doux • — n , pl billets-doux old-fashioned , jocular or a love lett
er [C17: from French, literally: a sweet letter, from billet (see billet 1 ) + doux sweet, from Latin dulcis ]
• exprit de corps• ----n, A common spirit of comradeship, enthusiasm, and
devotion to a cause among the members of a group. Synonyms : morale.
![Page 5: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Effects of Borrowing
• Phonological effects: sk
• Grammatical effects: – Plural suffixes: -um(datum) => pl.) –a(data)– -us(fungus) => pl.) –i(fungi)– -a(larva) => pl.) –ae (larvae)– -is(thesis) => pl.) –es (theses)– -eau(bureau) => pl.)–x(bureau
x)
![Page 6: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Sementic effects:• (OE) deor: any beast=>deer • Because the French word animal was borrowed
• (OE) ceorfn :means cut => carve: special type of cutting• Because of the Norsemen’s verb cut
• (Swahili) safari:’jouney’=>touristic,game-viewing African trip
![Page 7: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Loanwords from Non-European Languages
• pakeha(Maori) :white person• Sherpa, Tibetan people on Himalayas• Gurka, people of Nepal• samba(Brazil)• rhumba(Cuba)• tango(Argentina)• didgeridoo(Australia)• batik(Javanese)• vuvuzela(South Africa)
![Page 8: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Indian Loanwords
• Due to the commerce between India and Britain, which was all colonising India was all about.
• Indian textiles– calico, chintz, dungaree
![Page 9: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Hinduism:Buddha, Brahmin, karma, pundit, yoga, yogi, mantra, nirvana, sutra
Food: chutney, chapati, curry, poppadomClothing: cashmere, pyjamas, khaki, mufti, saree
![Page 10: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Buildings and domestic:
bungalow, pagoda, cotAnimals and plants: mongoose, zebu, bhang, paddy, teak
![Page 11: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• People and society:
Aryan (Sanskrit), pariah, sahib, coolie
![Page 12: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Assorted: catamaran, cash(=small coin), chit, lilac, tattoo, loot, polo, swastika( Sanskrit), cushy, juggernaut, tom-tom
![Page 13: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Japanese Loanwords
• Martial arts:
karate, kamikaze, samurai
![Page 14: Indian Loanwords in English](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022082211/56814e79550346895dbc1595/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Others:
origami, kimono, haiku, kabuki, karaoke, Geisha, sumo, manga