indian power sector. administration and management as per constitution of india, electricity comes...
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INDIAN POWER SECTOR
ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
As per Constitution of India, Electricity comes under concurrent list i.e.
the development and management of power sector would be governed by both
Central as well as State governments.
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
AGENCIES:• Central Electricity Authority• Central Sector Utilities• State Sector Utilities• Consortiums – Joint Utilities• Bulk Licensees• Independent Power Producers
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
CENTRAL SECTOR UTILITIES• Generating Utilities: - NTPC, NHPC, NPCIL …
• Transmission Utilities: - POWERGRID …
• Regional Control Centres: - RLDCs(CTU)
• Power Trading Utilities: - PTC …
• Financing Utilities: - PFC …
• Training Utilities - NPTI …
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
STATE SECTOR UTILITIES
• Transmission Corporations (TRANSCOs) • State Control Centres – SLDCs(STUs)
• Generation Corporations (GENCOs)
• Distribution Corporations (DISCOMs)
• Vertically Integrated Utilities (SEBs)
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
OTHER UTILITIES• Consortiums : - BBMB, ……., …
• Bulk Licencees: - CESC, BSES, TATA POWER …
• Independent Power Producers :
-IPPs(Central ,State …)
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
REGULATORS • Central Electricity Regulatory Commission
(CERC)• State Electricity Regulatory Commissions
(SERCs)
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITYFUNCTIONS:• Development of National Power Policy• To act as an arbitrator• To carry out studies relating to cost, efficiency, losses and
such like matters• Promote research in matters connecting electricity• To make arrangements for advancing the skill of persons
in the generation and supply of electricity• Advise central government in such related matters
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
CENTRAL TRANSMISSION UTILITY FUNCTIONS:• Undertake transmission of energy through inter-State
transmission system (ISTS)• Discharge all functions of planning and co-ordination
relating to ISTS with other agencies• Exercise supervision and control over the ISTS• Operate the Regional Load Despatch Centres • Direction, Control and supervision of the functions of
Transmission Licencees
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
MANAGEMENT OF POWER SYSTEM
• Grid operation & management on regional basis
- Broadly five regional grids viz. northern,
western, southern, eastern and north-eastern
• Grid Interconnections through asynchronous links
• Inter Regional Radial Feeds at 220 kV/400 kV
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
POWER SCENARIO AT A GLANCE • Installed Capacity 108 000 MW
Composition: Coal – 71%, Hydro – 25%, Nuclear and others – 4%• Requirement Peak-MW 81 555 MW Energy 1430 MU/day
• Availabilty Peak-MW 71 260 MW Energy 1325 MU/day
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
INDIAN TRANSMISSION SYSTEM – PRESENT
All Figs are In Ckt. Kms
Voltage
Level
State Central(POWERGRID)
Total
HVDC 1,504 1,632 3,136
800 KV 400 550 950
400 KV 13,000 32,500 45,500
220/132 KV 2,06,000 9,000 2,15,000
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
PLAN FOR NATIONAL GRID: PHASE – I (by 2002)
• Interconnection of Regional Grids through HVDC Back-to-Back links - To take care of widely varied operational parametersUnder Operation North – West: 500MW Vindhyachal Back-to-Back West – South: 1000MW Chandrapur Back-to-Back East – South: 500MW Gazuwaka Back-to-Back Under Construction East – North: 500MW Sasaram Back-to-Back
• Link between ER and NR is the last link of phase-I to be completed by Oct., 2002.
• With Completion of Phase-I, Cumulative Inter regional Capacity would be 4850 MW
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL GRID
NER
ER
NR
WR
SR
EXISTING
500MW
MW1000
MW500
GAZUWAKA
CHANDRAPUR
VINDHYACHAL
SASARAM
UNDERCONST.
EXISTING
400 kV
220 kV
BONGAIGAONBIRPARA
MALDA
KORBA BUDHIPADAR
KOLHAPUR
BELGAUM
U.SILERU
BALIMELA
DEHRISAHUPURI
MALANPUR
AURAIYA
PHASE-I(By 2002)
• For efficient, secured and reliable operation of the grid and inter-regional power exchange, POWERGRID has planned for Unified Load Despatch schemes in all five Regional GridsNorthern Region : In operation
Southern Region : In operation
North-eastern Region: Under implementation - completion by June, 2003
Eastern Region: Under implementation - completion by Sept, 2003
Western Region: NIT to be issued – completion by January, 2005
• Estimated Cost of above projects : US $ 470 million (Rs. 2170 Cr).
• National Load Despatch Schemeinter-connecting all the five ULDCs has also been plannedFeasibility Report is under preparation
Expected completion schedule – by 2007
Estimated Cost : US $ 54 million (Rs. 250Cr)
Unified Load Despatch & Communication
Hierarchical setup of Regional ULDC
REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH
CENTRE
RTU RTU RTU
SUB LDC SUB LDC SUB LDC
SLDC SLDC SLDC
NRLDC WRLDC ERLDC SRLDC NERLDC
STATE LOAD DESPATCH
CENTRE
AREA LOADDESPATCH CENTRE
REMOTE TERMINALUNIT
(AT SUB-STATIONS &GENERATING STNS
NLDCNATIONAL LOAD DESPATCH
CENTRE
SLDCSLDC
SUB LDC SUB LDC
RTURTU
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
DEMAND SUPPLY SCENARIO BY 2012
• Projected Peak Demand - 157,000 MW • Capacity addition envisaged –
In 10th Plan - 45,000 MW In 11th Plan - 55,000 MW
(Approx. 10000 MW Capacity Addition per Year)
• Major Resources for Capacity Addition Hydro potential in J&K, HP & NER Coal potential in Bihar, Orissa Bulk power need to be transferred from ER/NER to other deficit regions
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
PLAN FOR NATIONAL GRID: PHASE–II (by 2007)• High capacity “Transmission highways” along with major generation projects
• Highways already constructed
• Kishenpur - Moga 765 kV 2xS/c in J&K
• Kathalguri – Malda 400kV D/c in NER
• Hybrid HVAC and HVDC interconnection planned
• Implementation already commenced
• 2000 MW HVDC bipole between Talcher-Kolar bet. ER & SR
• 400kV AC link between Rourkela and Raipur bet. ER & WR
• High capacity 400 kV link from Tala to Delhi bet. ER & NR
• 2nd Gazuwaka HVDC back-to-back by 500MW bet ER & SR
• About 5000 ckt. km of 765 kV lines planned alongwith Mega projects in ER
• With the completion of Phase-II, the inter-regional capacity would be 23,000 MW
INDIAN POWER SCENARIO
PLAN FOR NATIONAL GRID: PHASE–III (by 2012)
• Strengthening of inter-regional link to have a ring of 765kV lines inter-
connecting Northern, Western and Eastern Regions
• ER inter-connection with SR to be strengthened through HVDC lines
(asynchronous link)
• Completion of Phase-III would lead to cumulative capacity of inter-
regional link to 30,000 MW