indian spaceresearch and kepler 22b
DESCRIPTION
IT PROVIDE ALL INFORMATION ABOUT PLANET KEPLERTRANSCRIPT
D.A.V. PUBLIC SCHOOLNIMAPARAODISHA
AT PROJECT
/ACKNOWELDGEMENT/I owe my special thanks to all the great persons
whose continuous cooperation lead this project to be successful one.
First of all we would like to grant our special thanks to our computer sir Mr. Biswa Ranjan Mishra who helped us a lot in the completion of this project.
We would also like to grant our special thanks to our principal sir Mr. Duryodhan Das and our class teacher whose benign effort made this project successful one. We also thanks all teachers who inspired us to achieve this aim.
Nigamesh Prasad
Project on :india and space research
This project has been designed by:-NIGAMESH PRASAD
CLASS-VIII
D.A.V. PUBLIC SCHOOL
INDIA MARCH TOWARDS SPACE RESEARCH
India is one of the developing country in the world. It has achieved many things not only in the field of art and craft but also in the field of space research. Now- a- days the name of india has spreaded to nook and corner of the world. Even if the most developed country like USA have come forward to make deal on nuclear power and exchange ideas in aeronautics field. Space tech. has allowed the nation of India to move into the world of high tech. The contribution of India in the field of science and space research is endless. In recent years India has concentrated much of its space development work on complex application satellites and more useful rockets. The nations two main interests are satellites for remote sensing and communications which are used for weather pictures disaster warning and many other things.
If India is rapidly developing in space programs, all the credit goes to the father of the Indian space program. DR. VIKRAM SARABAI
LIST OF SATELLITES LAUNCHED
BYISRO
SATELLITE LAUNCH DATE
LAUNCH VECHILE
TYPE OF SATELLITE
Aryabhata 19.04.1975 C-1 IntercosmosExperimental / Small Satellite
Bhaskara-I 07.06.1979C-1 Intercosmos Earth Observation
Satellite
Rohini Technology Payload (RTP)
10.08.1979SLV-3 Experimental / Small
Satellite
Rohini (RS-1) 18.07.1980SLV-3 Experimental / Small
Satellite
Rohini (RS-D1) 31.05.1981 SLV-3 Earth Observation Satellite
Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment (APPLE)
19.06.1981 Ariane-1(V-3)Geo-Stationary Satellite
Bhaskara-II 20.11.1981 Delta 3910 PAM-DEarth Observation Satellite
INSAT-1A 10.04.1982 C-1 Intercosmos Earth Observation Satellite
Rohini (RS-D2) 17.04.1983SLV-3 Earth Observation
Satellite
INSAT-1B 30.08.1983 Shuttle [PAM-D] Geo-Stationary Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series
(SROSS-1)
24.03.1987 ASLV Space Mission
IRS-1A 17.03.1988 Vostok Earth Observation Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series
(SROSS-2)
13.07.1988 ASLV Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-1C 21.07.1988 Ariane-3 Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-1D 12.06.1990 Delta 4925 Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-1B 29.08.1991 Vostok Earth Observation Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-C)
20.05.1992 ASLV Space Mission
INSAT-2A 10.07.1992 Ariane-44L H10 Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-2B 23.07.1993 Ariane-44L H10+ Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-1E 20.09.1993 PSLV-D1 Earth Observation Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-C2)
04.05.1994 ASLV Space Mission
IRS-P2 15.10.1994 PSLV-D2 Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2C 07.12.1995 Ariane-44L H10-3 Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-1C 28.12.1995 Molniya Earth Observation Satellite
IRS-P3 21.03.1996 PSLV-D3 Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2D 04.06.1997 Ariane-44L H10-3 Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-1D 29.09.1997 PSLV-C1 Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2DT January 1998 Ariane-44L H10 Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-2E 03.04.1999 Ariane-42P H10-3 Geo-Stationary Satellite
Oceansat(IRS-P4)
26.05.1999 PSLV-C2 Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-3B 22.03.2000 Ariane-5G Geo-Stationary Satellite
GSAT-1 18.04.2001 GSLV-D1 Geo-Stationary Satellite
Technology Experiment Satellite (TES)
22.10.2001 PSLV-C3 Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-3C 24.01.2002 Ariane-42L H10-3 Geo-Stationary Satellite
KALPANA-1(METSAT)
12.09.2002 PSLV-C4 Geo-Stationary Satellite
GSAT-2 08.05.2003 GSLV-D2 Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3E 28.09.2003 Ariane-5G Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3A 10.04.2003 Ariane-5G Geo-Stationary Satellite
Resourcesat-1(IRS-P6)
17.10.2003 PSLV-C5 Earth Observation Satellite
EDUSAT (GSAT-3) 20.09.2004 GSLV-F01 Geo-Stationary Satellite
CARTOSAT-1 05.05.2005 PSLV-C6 Earth Observation Satellite
HAMSAT 05.05.2005 PSLV-C6 Experimental / Small Satellite
INSAT-4A 22.12.2005 Ariane-5GS Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-4C 10.07.2006 GSLV-F02 Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-4CR 02.09.2007 GSLV-F04 Geo-Stationary Satellite
SRE - 1 10.01.2007 PSLV-C7 Experimental / Small Satellite
CARTOSAT - 2 10.01.2007 PSLV-C7 Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-4B 12.03.2007 Ariane-5ECA Geo-Stationary Satellite
IMS-1 28.04.2008 PSLV-C9 Earth Observation Satellite
CARTOSAT - 2A 28.04.2008 PSLV-C9 Earth Observation Satellite
Chandrayaan-1 22.10.2008 PSLV-C11 Space Mission
RISAT-2 20.04.2009 PSLV-C12 Earth Observation Satellite
ANUSAT 20.04.2009 PSLV-C12 Experimental / Small Satellite
Oceansat-2 23.09.2009 PSLV-C14 Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-4 15.04.2010 GSLV-D3 Geo-Stationary Satellite
CARTOSAT-2B 12.07.2010 PSLV-C15 Earth Observation Satellite
STUDSAT 12.07.2010 PSLV-C15 Experimental / Small Satellite
GSAT-5P 25.12.2010 GSLV-F06 Geo-Stationary Satellite
YOUTHSAT 20.04.2011 PSLV-C16 Experimental / Small Satellite
RESOURCESAT-2 20.04.2011 PSLV-C16 Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-8 21.05.2011 Ariane-5VA-202
Geo-Stationary Satellite
GSAT-12 15.07.2011 PSLV-C17 Geo-Stationary Satellite
Megha-Tropiques 12.10.2011 PSLV-C18 Earth Observation Satellite
SRMSat 12.10.2011 PSLV-C18 Experimental / Small Satellite
Jugnu 12.10.2011 PSLV-C18 Experimental / Small Satellite
RISAT-1 26.04.2012 PSLV-C19 Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-10 29.09.2012 Ariane-5VA-209
Geo-Stationary Satellite
__________________ __________________ __________________ __________________
Some notable
scientists of
India
Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (1858-1937)Born 30 November 1858
Bikrampur, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died 23 November 1937 (aged 78)Girded, Bengal Presidency, British India
Residence Kolkata, Bengal Presidency, British India
Nationality British IndianFields Physics, Biophysics, Biology,
Botany, Archaeology, Bengali Literature, Bengali Science FictionInstitutions University of CalcuttaUniversity of CambridgeUniversity of London
Alma mater St. Xavier's College, Calcutta
University of Cambridge
Notable students
Satyendra Nath Bose, Meghnad Saha
Known for Millimetre waves
RadioCresco graph Plant science
Notable awards Companion of the Order of the Indi
an Empire (CIE) (1903)Companion of the Order of the Star of India (CSI) (1911)Knight Bachelor (1917)
Prafulla Chandra Ray(1861-1944)
Born Prafulla Chandra RayAugust 2 , 1861Raruli, Khulna,Bengal Presidency(Present day Bangladesh) British Raj
DiedJune 16, 1944Calcutta
Nationality British Indian
Alma mater
Metropolitan InstitutionPresidency CollegeEdinburgh University
Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887-1920)Born 22 December 1888 Erode,
Madras Presidency
Died 26 April 1920 (aged 32)Chetput, Madras, Madras Presidency
Residence KumbakonamNationality IndianFields MathematicsAlma mater Government Arts College
Pachaiyappa's College
Academic advisors
G. H. HardyJ. E. Littlewood
Known forLandau–Ramanujan constantMock theta functionsRamanujan conjectureRamanujan primeRamanujan–Soldner constantRamanujan theta functionRamanujan's sumRogers–Ramanujan identitiesRamanujan's master theorem
Influences
G. H. Hardy
Signature
Sir C. V. Raman (1888-1970)Born 7 November 1888
Thiruvanaikoil, Tiruchirappalli,Madras Province, British India
Died 21 November 1970 (aged 82)Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Nationality Indian
Fields PhysicsInstitutions Indian Finance Department[1]
University of CalcuttaIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science
Indian Institute of ScienceCentral College, Bangalore University
Raman Research InstituteAlma mater
University of MadrasDoctoral students
G. N. RamachandranVikram Ambalal Sarabhai
Known for Raman effect
Notable awardsKnight Bachelor (1929)Nobel Prize in Physics (1930)Bharat Ratna (1954)Lenin Peace Prize (1957)
Meghnad Saha (1893-1956)Born
6 October 1893Shaoratoli, Dhaka, Bengal, British India
Died 16 February 1956 (aged 62)
Residence India
Nationality Indian
Fields Physics and Mathematics
Institutions
Allahabad UniversityUniversity of CalcuttaImperial College LondonIndian Association for the Cultivation of Scince
Alma mater Dhaka CollegeUniversity of Calcutta
Known for Thermal ionisationSaha ionization equation
Satyendra Nath Bose (1894-1974)Born 1 January 1894
Calcutta, India (now Kolkata)
Died 4 February 1974 (aged 80)Calcutta, India
Residence IndiaNationality IndianFields Physics and Mathematics
Institutions University of Calcutta
Alma mater University of CalcuttaKnown for Bose–Einstein condensat
e
Bose–Einstein statisticsBose gas
Notable awards Padma Vibhushan
Fellow of the Royal Society[1]
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (1894-1955)
Born 21 February 1894Shahpur, British India
Died 1 January 1955 (aged 60)New Delhi, India
ResidenceIndia
CitizenshipIndia
Nationality Indian
Fields Chemistry
InstitutionsCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research
Banaras Hindu UniversityAlma mater University of the Punjab
University College London
Doctoral advisor Frederick G. Donnan
Known forCSIR India
Notable awards
Padma Bhushan (1954)Knighthood (1941)OBE (1936
Homi Jehangir Bhabha (1909-1966)Born 30 October 1909
Bombay, British India, Present-day India
Died 24 January 1966(aged 56)Mont Blanc, France
Residence New Delhi, India
Citizenship IndiaNationality IndianFields Nuclear PhysicsInstitutions
Atomic Energy Commission of India
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Cavendish LaboratoryIndian Institute of ScienceTrombay Atomic Energy EstablishmentAlma mater Elphinstone CollegeRoyal Institute of ScienceUniversity of Cambridge
Alma mater Elphinstone College
Royal Institute of ScienceUniversity of Cambridge
Doctoral advisor Ralph H. Fowler
Other academic advisors
Paul Dirac
Known for Indian nuclear programmeCosmic Rayspoint particles
Notable awards Padma Bhushan (1954)
Subramaniam Chandrasekhar (1910-1995)Born October 19, 1910
Lahore, British India
DiedAugust 21, 1995 (aged 84)Chicago, Illinois, United States
Residence United States
Citizenship India (1910–1953)United States (1953–1995)
Fields Astrophysics
Institutions University of ChicagoUniversity of Cambridge
Alma mater Presidency College, MadrasTrinity College, Cambridge
Doctoral advisor R.H. Fowler
Doctoral students Donald Edward Osterbrock,Roland
Winston, F. Paul Esposito
Known forChandrasekhar limit
Notable awards
Nobel Prize in Physics (1983)Copley Medal (1984)National Medal of Science (1966)Padma Vibhushan (1968)
Vikram Sarabhai (1919-1971)Born 12 August 1919[1][2]
Ahmedabad, India
Died30 December 1971 (aged 52)Halcyon Castle, Kovalam inThiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
ResidenceIndia
NationalityIndian
Fields Physics
Institutions Indian Space Research Organisation
Physical Research LaboratoryAlma mater
University of Cambridge
Doctoral advisor Sir C. V. Raman
Known forIndian space programIndian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
Notable awards Padma Bhushan (1966)
Padma Vibhushan(posthumously) (1972)
Spouse Mrinalini Sarabhai
C. R. Rao (1920 - )Born 10 September 1920
(age 92)Hadagali,Kingdom of Mysore,British India
Residence India, United Kingdom, United States
Citizenship United States[1]
Fields Mathematics and StatisticsInstitutions
Indian Statistical InstituteCambridge UniversityPenn State UniversityUniversity at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Alma mater Andhra UniversityUniversity of CalcuttaKing's College, Cambridge
Doctoral advisor
Ronald FisherDoctoral students
V. S. VaradarajanS. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
K. Chandrasekharan (1920 -)Born
November 21, 1920 (age 91),Madras
Fields
Number theory
Institutions
TIFR, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich
Alma mater
Madras University
Doctoral advisor
K. Ananda Rao
Har Gobind Khorana (1922 -2011 )Born January 9, 1922
Raipur, Punjab British India (now part of Pakistan)
Died November 9, 2011 (aged 89)Concord, Massachusetts,U.S
Residence India/Pakistan, United States,United Kingdom
Citizenship United States[1]
Fields Molecular biologyNotable awards Nobel Prize in Medicine (1968),
Gairdner Foundation International Award
, Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize, Albert Lasker
Award for Basic Medical Research
, Padma Vibhushan
Alma mater University of the Punjab
University of Liverpool
InstitutionsMIT (1970–2007)University of Wisconsin, Madison(1960–70)University of British Columbia(1952–60)Cambridge University (1950–52)Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich (1948–49)
G. N. Ramachandran (1922-2001)Born 8 October 1922
Madras, Madras Presidency,British India
Died 7 April 2001 (aged 78)Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Nationality Indian
Fields Biophysics
Institutions Indian Institute of Science
Cavendish Laboratory
Alma mater Madras University
University of Cambridge
Doctoral advisor C V Raman
Known forRamachandran plot
Harish Chandra (1923-1983)Born 11 October 1923
Kanpur, British India
Died16 October 1983 (aged 60)Princeton, New Jersey, United States
Residence United States
Citizenship United States[1]
Fields Mathematics, Physics
Institutions
Indian Institute of ScienceHarvard UniversityColumbia UniversityTata Institute of Fundamental Research
Institute for Advanced Study
Alma mater University of AllahabadUniversity of Cambridge
Notable awards
Fellow of the Royal Society[2]
Cole PrizeSrinivasa Ramanujan Medal
M. K. Vainu Bappu (1927-1982)
Honorary Foreign Fellow
Belgium Academy of Sciences[1]
Honorary Member
American Astronomical Society[1]
Vice-President
International Astronomical Union (1967–73)[1]
President International Astronomical Union (1979)[1]
IMS-I(INDIAN MINI SATELLITE-I)
IMS-1 AT A GLANCE
Launch Date -28.04.2008IMS-1, previously referred to as TWSat
(Third World Satellite), is a low-cost microsatellite imaging mission of ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization).
INDIAN MICRO SATELLITE (IMS-1) has been launched as co-passenger along with Cartosat-2A on 28-Apr-2008 onboard PSLV-C9. The micro satellite bus IMS-1 provides 3- axis stabilization with a mission life of 2 years.
Orbit Polar Sun Synchronous
Altitude 635 km
Life 2 years
Physical Dimensions 0.604x0.980x1.129 m
Mass 83 kg
Power Two deployable sun pointing solar panels generating 220 W power, 105 Ah Lithium ion battery
Telemetry, Tracking and Command S-band
Altitude and Orbit Control System
Star Sensor, Miniature Sun Sensors, Magnetometers Gyros, Miniature Micro Reaction Wheels, Magnetic Torques, single 1 N Hydrazine Thruster
Data Handling S-band
Data Storage 16 Gb Solid State Recorder
All about ims-1INDIAN MICRO SATELLITE (IMS-1) has been launched as co-passenger along with Cartosat-2A on 28-Apr-2008 onboard PSLV-C9. The micro satellite bus IMS-1 provides 3- axis stabilization with a mission life of 2 years.
IMS-1 is the first satellite in the micro satellite series envisaged to provide satellite platform within 100 kg class of payloads for earth images, space science, atmosphere, ocean studies etc. It carries two payloads viz., Four Band Multi Spectral CCD Camera (MxT) & Hyper Spectral Imager (HySi-T). The spacecraft is designed such that payload will be earth pointing during imaging operations and solar panels will be sun pointing during nonimaging periods for maximum power generation. The Hyper-spectral imager first flown onboard IMS-1 to evaluate and validate the payload is similar to the one flown in Chandrayaan-1 mission.
PayloadsThe Multi-spectral CCD camera is a 4- Band
camera with ground resolution of 37 meters and swath of 151 Km enabling real time imaging and its data reception in near real time and data product generation by the users. The payload can be used for the purpose of natural resources management like agriculture, forest coverage, land use as well as disaster management. The four spectral bands B1, B2 and B3 can be used for generating Natural Colour Composite Data Products and bands B2, B3, and B4 are used for False Colour Composite Data Products. These bands are selected keeping in mind the application of natural resource management.
Hyper Spectral Imager (HySi-T) is one of the two onboard imaging payloads. It is an imager for ocean and atmosphere study of earth surface in large number of bands with high spectral resolution. The instrument shall have 64 bands in the spectral zone from 400 nm to 950nm. The imager using specific optics will collect and focus the solar reflection from the earth’s surface on to an area detector. The collecting optics for HySI-T is a multielement lens assembly with a thermal filter at the front.
Rise of a
new dawn
Some pictures of ims
kepler 22bKepler-22b is an extra solar planet orbiting G-type star Kepler-22.It is located 600 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. It was discovered by NASA's Kepler Space Telescope and is the first known transiting planet to orbit within the habitable zone of a Sun-like star. Discovery and observation. The planet's first transit in front of its host star was observed on Kepler's third day of scientific operations, 12 May 2009. The third transit was detected in late 2010. Additional confirmation data was provided by the Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based observations. On December 5, 2011, the confirmation of the existence of Kepler-22b was announced.
Special images by IMS-1
Physical characteristicsKepler-22b's radius is roughly 2.4 times the radius of Earth. Its mass and surface composition remain unknown, with only some very rough estimates established: it has less than 124 Earth masses at the 3-sigma confidence limit, and less than 36 Earth masses at 1-sigma confidence. The Habitable Exoplanets Catalog gives a mass estimate of 6.36 Earth masses (and a radius of just 2.10 Earth radii) for the planet as of October 2012,after initially estimating it at ~10-35 Earth masses.Kepler-22b might be an "ocean-like" world. It might also be comparable to the water-rich planet GJ 1214 b although Kepler-22b, unlike GJ 1214 b, is in the habitable zone. An Earth-like composition is ruled out to at least 1-sigma uncertainty by radial velocity measurements of the system.It is thus likely to have a more volatile-rich composition with a liquid or gaseous outer shell; this would make it similar to Kepler-11f, the smallest known gas planet."If it is mostly ocean with a small rocky core," Natalie Batalha, one of the scientists on the project, speculated, "it's not beyond the realm of possibility that life could exist in such an ocean."This possibility of life has spurred SETI to perform research on top candidates for extraterrestrial intelligence. However, if the planet's carbon cycle has ceased due to lack of oceans and plate tectonics, Kepler-22b may turn out to be a searing, sterile super-Venus.
My destination
DESCRIPTION
According to our introduction, We would send satellites to the planet Kepler. One main satellites and 7 extra satellites would be sent to Kepler which would remain connected with the main sattelite. The main satellite on high altitude and the remaining 7 would move over its surface to study the thickness of the and depth of water. Among those 7 satellites, one would examine all the gases present in the atmosphere of Kepler 22b.
If NASA’S project named :GRAVITY RECOVERYwill be modified soon then it would be sent
with our satellites then we would be able to check the gravity of the planet Kepler. It would be only possible if they grant us thier kind help.
Nothing is
impossible
Some may have only heard about it while some would not have heard about the term neutrino. In this satellite I’m going to use neutrino as a propellant in my self designed space craft. Neutrino is an electrically neutral, weakly interacting elementary subatomic particle with half-integer spin.The neutrino (meaning "small neutral one" in Italian) is denoted by the Greek letter ν (nu). All evidence suggests that neutrinos have mass but that their mass is tiny even by the standards of subatomic particles. Their mass has never been measured accurately.
How to obtain neutrino?In 1942 Wang Ganchang first proposed the use of beta-capture to experimentally detect neutrinos. In the July 20, 1956 issue of Science, Clyde Cowan, Frederick Reines, F. B. Harrison, H. W. Kruse, and A. D. McGuire published confirmation that they had detected the neutrino, a result that was rewarded almost forty years later with the 1995 Nobel Prize.In this experiment, now known as the Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment, antineutrinos created in a nuclear reactor by beta decay reacted with protons producing neutrons and positrons:νe + p+ → n0 + e+The positron quickly finds an electron, and they annihilate each other. The two resulting gamma rays (γ) are detectable. The neutron can be detected by its capture on an appropriate nucleus, releasing a gamma ray. The coincidence of both events – positron annihilation and neutron capture – gives a unique signature of an antineutrino interaction.
Thank
U
PLZ HAVE A GLANCE AGAIN