indoor air quality – basic introduction [compatibility mode]

8/6/2019 Indoor Air Quality – Basic Introduction [Compatibility Mode]

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n oor r ua y as c

In r i n

Eric NG,Regional Technical Sales Manager



Air Quality

What Causes Indoor Air Problems? Pollutant Sources

Amount of Ventilation

Indoor Air Pollution and Health Additional Resources

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62-,

Indoor Air Quality

(USEPA, Oct 2005)



problems?

Release of gases or particles

pollution sources

na equa e ven a on

High Temperature and

um ty eve s



Pollution Sources

Combustion sources: oil, gas, kerosene, wood andtobacco products

Building materials and furnishings: wet or damp

carpet, pressed wood products from furniture Pro ucts or c ean ng an ma ntenance. o vents

and new paintworks.

HOW HAZARDOUS.

Also HOW OLD and Pro er Maintenance.

Contaminated ventilation system, Improperly placed outdoor intakes.



Ventilation

If too little outdoor air enters a room,.

How air enters: n trat on,

Natural Ventilation,

and Mechanical Ventilation



Indoor Air Pollution and Health

Health effects from Indoor air pollutantsma be ex erienced soon after ex osure or

possibly, years later.

Short term and treatable - Irritation of e esnose, and throat, headaches, dizziness, and

fatigue. Long-term effects – respiratory diseases,

heart disease and cancer.



Improving Indoor Air Quality

Source control – eliminate sources of pollution or reduce their emissions.

More cost efficient approach

Ventilation improvements ncrease out oor a r com ng n oors to ower t e

concentration of indoor air pollutants.

Unblockin air su l vent, or o enin window totemporarily increase ventilation.

Control short-term activities that generate high level – . . , , ,

welding, soldering or sanding.



(Con’t)

Air cleaners There are many types and sizes of air cleaners on the

market.

Generally not designed to remove gaseous pollutants.

pollutants from indoor air. And HOW MUCH air itdraws through. And MAINTENANCE of air cleaners.

“ ” source.

Plant has been suggested to reduce levels of some

. But over-watered promote the growth of

microorganisms which can affect allergic individuals.



Available?

Mechanical Filters HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) 99.97%

ULPA (Ultra-HEPA) 99.999%

Electronic air cleaners Electrostatic Filters/ charged media filters

Electrostatic precipitators

(USEPA Oct2005 & AHAM 2005)



(NEA, 1996)

.

2. Carbon Monoxide 9 ppm. .

4. Ozone 0.05 ppm

5. Sus ended articulate matter 150 m /cu.m

6. Volatile Organic Compounds 3 ppm

7. Total Bacterial Counts 500 CFU/cu.m8. Total Fungal Counts 500 CFU/cu.m

9. Air Temperature 22.5 to 25.5 deg. Celsius

10. Relative Humidity < 70%

11. Air Movement < 0.25 m/s


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/indoor-air-quality-basic-introduction-compatibility-mode 11/30(NEA 1996)



(WHO 1987)



Instruments for measuring IAQ1. us mon or e.g. us ra

2. IAQ monitor for Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Temperatureand Humidity (e.g. TSI Q-Trak Plus)

3. Air Sampler for bacteria and fungus (e.g. SAS100)

4. Ozone meter (e.g. Aeroqual 500). , . .

2020ppbPlus)

6. Formaldehyde meter (e.g. Photovac 2020ppbPro)

7. r movemen e.g. mo e

8. Odour meter (e.g. Cosmos XP329)…and more?

9. How about Ultrafine articles e. . TSI P-Trak ?

10. Radon? (e.g. Charcoal canisters, liquid scintillation detectors, electret iondetectors, alpha-track detectors, and continuous monitors)



TSI DustTrak

Realtime dust concentration mg/m3 Range: 0.001 to 100 mg/m3 (calibrated

to ISO 12103-1, A1 test dust)

1% of reading or 0.001mg/m3

Size fractions: PM10, PM2.5, PM1,

Res irable Data logging 21days

(@1min interval)



Features and Benefits•Integrated pump allows use of size-selective aerosol inlet

conditioners

•Measure particle concentrations corresponding to

respirable, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 size fractions

• -

sampling

•Display statistics: max, min. and average readings ande apse t me

•Alarm setpoint from 0.002 to 100 mg/m3

•Analog output allows remote access to real-time particleconcentration data

•Sheath air system keeps optics chamber clean for

•Preprogram, analyze data, print graphs and create report

with TRAKPRO™ Data Analysis Software



ENV (Oct 1996), Guidelines for good indoor air quality in office premises, Institute of Environmental Epidemiology, Ministry of the Environment, Singapore.



DustTrak Sensor



Applications

•Site perimeter monitoring/environmentalsampling

•Indoor air quality studies

•Trending/screening

•En ineerin studies



alerts – realtime..

well…almost.



I - a c ,• CO2 range: 0 to 5000 ppm

Resolution: 1 ppm • Accuracy: ± 3% of reading of ± 50

ppm, whichever is greater • CO range: 0 to 500 ppm

eso u on: . ppm

Accuracy: ± 3% of reading of ± 3 ppm, whichever is

greater °.

Resolution: 0.1°C • Accuracy: ± 0.6°C

• Relative Humidity range: 5 to 95% RH

•. .

• Wet Bulb temp range: 5 to 60 °C

Resolution: 0.1°C

°-

Resolution: 0.1°C

• Data logging: Up to 14000 samples and 1000 test id's



pp PR – Features g prec s on across ynam c range

10ppb precision 0 to 40 ppm Display readings in ppm, ppb, or mg/M3

Lamp condition diagnostic

Lamp quality assessment done at calibration

1 – 900 seconds

Dräger developed pre-filters

arcoa or c ean a r ca ra on

Humidity reduction (use above 95% RHD)

Formaldehyde for indoor air quality

Automated sample collection system



zone Ozone is a molecule composed of 3 atoms of

.

Two atoms of oxygen form the basic oxygen –

The third oxygen atom can detach from ozone

and re-attach to molecules of other substances,thereby altering their chemical composition.

High concentration potentially cause harmful

. .

Relatively low amounts can cause chest pain,, , ,

irritation.

Reference: USEPA (Jul 2004)



Ozone

“Good up high – Bad nearby”



Ozone meter



and Fungal counts)



our meter



Questions and Answer



Re erences USEPA (Oct, 2005), An Introduction to Indoor Air Quality, available

. . - . ,Protection Agency (Accessed 22nd Oct 2005)

USEPA (Jul, 2004), IAQ Publications – Ozone Generator Fact Sheet ,available at htt ://www.e a. ov/ia / ubs/ozone en.html United States Environmental Protection Agency (Accessed 22nd Oct 2005)

AHAM (2005), About Air Cleaners, available athttp://www.cadr.org/consumer/index.html, Association of homeappliance manufacturers (Accessed 22n Oct 2005)

NEA (1996), Guidelines for Good Indoor Air Quality in Office Premises, availalble at

. . . _ . , National Environmental Agency, Singapore (Accessed 26th Oct 2005)

World Health Organisation. European Series No 23: Air qualityuidelines for Euro e. WHO Re ional Office for Euro e

Copenhagen, 1987.

indoor air quality – basic introduction [compatibility mode]

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