LEED NCIndoor Environmental

QualityINTENT

Slide Editor: James A. StrapkoLEED Source: www.intheleed.com

Indoor Environmental Quality8 Credits; 15 Points

EQPR1: Minimum Indoor Air QualityEQPR2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) controlEQc1: Outdoor Air Delivery MonitoringEQc2: Increase VentilationEQc3.1: Construction IAQ Management, During ConstructionEQc3.2: Construction IAQ Management, Before OccupancyEQc4.1: Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & SealantsEQc4.2: Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & CoatingsEQc4.3: Low-Emitting Materials, Carpet SystemsEQc4.4: Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber

Indoor Environmental Quality8 Credits; 15 Points

EQc5: Indoor Chemical Pollutant Source ControlEQc6.1: Controllability of Systems, LightingEQc6.2: Controllability of Systems, Thermal ComfortEQc7.1: Thermal Comfort, DesignEQc7.2: Thermal Comfort, VerificationEQc8.1: Daylighting & Views, Daylight 75% of SpacesEQc8.2: Daylighting & Views, Daylight 90% of Spaces

EQ Prerequisite 1Minimum Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

Performance

EQP1: EQ Prerequisite 1Minimum Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Performance1st of 2 prerequisites in Indoor Environmental Air Quality (EQ for short)Intent:• to establish minimum IAQ performance to enhance indoor air quality in buildings• contribute to the well-being of the occupantsImplementation:• Meet minimum requirement of Sections 4 thru 7 of ASHRAE 62.1-2004: Ventilation for

Acceptable Indoor Air Quality Mechanical Ventilation Systems: • designed using Ventilation Rate procedure OR applicable local code (whichever is more

stringent)Naturallly Ventilated buildings: comply with ASHRAE 62.1-2004.Code: • ASHRAE 62.1-2004: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, Sections 4 thru 7• Submittal Phase: • design

EQ Prerequisite 2Environmental Tobacco Smoke

(ETS) Control

EQP2: EQ Prerequisite 2Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control

Intent: Minimize exposure of building occupants, indoor surfaces, and ventilation systems to ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke).

Implementation:• Option 1: Prohibit Smoking

– no smoking except outdoors at least 25 -0′ ” from: • entries• outside air intakes• operable windows

• Option 2: Designated Areas – no smoking except in designated area and outdoor (same rules as previous for outdoor)– Designated smoke rooms to:

• effectively capture, contain and remove ETS from building• be directly exhausted to outdoors• enclosed with deck to deck partitions• operate at negative pressure to adjacent spaces

• Option 3 (residential only): No smoking in common areas. – no smoking in all building common areas– wall, ceiling and floor penetrations are to be sealed off– doors are to be weather stripped– be tested for performance (ASTM E779-03)

EQP2: EQ Prerequisite 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control

Code: • ANSI/ASTM E779-03, Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan

Pressurization• Residential Manual for Compliance with California’s 2001 Energy Efficiency Standards (For

Low-Rise Residential Buildings), Chapter 4Submittal Phase:• design

EQ Credit 1Outdoor Air Delivery

Monitoring

EQ Credit 1: 1 PointOutdoor Air Delivery Monitoring

Intent: Provide capacity for ventilation system monitoring to sustain occupant comfort and well-being.

Implementation: Install Permanent monitoring systems that provide feedback on ventilation system performance – systems to generate ALARM when conditions vary by 10% set point– Mechanically vented spaces:

• Densely Monitored Space: > 25 people/1000SF – monitor CO2 levels

» Monitor location to be 3 to 6 above floor finish′ ′• for non-densely occupied spaces

– provide direct outdoor airflow measure device.– detect when system is 15% below design rate

– Naturally Ventilated Space: • Monitor CO2

– Monitor location to be 3 to 6 above floor finish′ ′– CO2 and airflow measures by:

• pilot tubes, venturi meters, rotating vane anemometers• feed into HVAC and BAS systems

Code: noneSubmittal Phase: design

EQ Credit 2Increase Ventilation

EQ Credit 2: 1 PointIncrease Ventilation

Intent:• Provide additional outdoor air ventilation to improve IAQ for improved occupant comfort,

well-being of occupants and productivity.Implementation: • Mechanically Vented Spaces:

– increase breathing zone outdoor air ventilation rates to 30% above minimum ASHRAE 62.1-2004 rates

• Naturally Vented Spaces: – design system to meet Carbon Trust Good Practice Guide 237 (1998).– make sure ventilation is effective by flow diagram in Figure 1.18 of CIBSE Application

Manual 10: 2005– use diagrammatic calculations to show design meets CIBSE or..

• use macroscopic, multi-zone, analytic mode to predict room-by-room airflows naturally ventilate 90% of occupied spaces per ASHRAE 62.1-2004

Codes:• ASHRAE 62.1-2004: Ventilation for Acceptable IAQ• Carbon Trust Good Practice Guide 237 (1998): Natural ventilation in non-domestic buildings• CIBSE Application Manual 10 (2005): Natural ventilation in non-domestic buildingsSubmittal Phase: design

EQ Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan -

During Construction

EQ Credit 3.1: 1 Point Construction IAQ Management Plan - During Construction

Intent:• Reduce IAQ problems associated with Construction/Renovation process• Help to sustain comfort and well-being of construction workers and building occupantsImplementation:• Develop and implement an Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan for during construction

– during construction, meet or exceed SMACNA IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings Under Construction, Ch 3 (2007)

– Protect on-site or installed absorptive materials from moisture damage • insulation, carpeting, ceiling tile and drywall

– AHU’s, during construction, must have filters with Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) of 8 per ASHRAE 52.2-1999.

• Control pollutant sources – spec materials with low VOC’s– control exhaust fumes

• Interrupt Contamination Pathways – depressurize work areas– provide temporary barriers

EQ Credit 3.1: 1 Point Construction IAQ Management Plan - During Construction

Implementation, continued:• Interrupt Contamination Pathways

– depressurize work areas– provide temporary barriers

• Housekeeping activities – protect porous surfaces– dust control

• Schedule the installation of materials to avoid contamination• Member of General Contractor’s Team to be IAQ manager.Codes:• SMACNA IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings Under Construction, Ch. 3 (2007)• ASHRAE 52.2-1999: Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal

Efficiency by Particle SizeSubmittal Phase:• construction

EQ Credit 3.2Construction IAQ Management Plan - Before

Occupancy

EQ Credit 3.2: 1 Point Construction IAQ Management Plan - Before Occupancy

Intent: • Reduce IAQ problems associated with Construction/Renovation process• Help to sustain comfort and well-being of construction workers and building occupantsImplementation: • Develop and implement an Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management Plan for pre-occupancy

phaseOption 1: FLUSH-OUT • after construction but before occupancy• 14,000 cubic feet of O/A (outside air) per sf of floor area• maintain 60 degrees• < 60% relative humidity• OR • if occupancy occur prior to flush out• delivery of 3500 cubic feet of O/A (outside air) per sf of floor area• ventilate at .30 cfm/sf.• minimum 3 hours per date until 14,000 cf/sf of O/A is delivered• USE MERV 13 filters for HVAC

EQ Credit 3.2: 1 Point Construction IAQ Management Plan - Before Occupancy

Option 2: Air Quality Testing • conduct an IAQ baseline test after construction, prior to occupancy• use EPA Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants in Indoor Air. Code: • EPA Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants in Indoor AirSubmittal Phase: • construction

EQ Credit 4.1Low Emitting Materials - Adhesives & Sealants

EQ Credit 4.1: 1 Point Low Emitting Materials - Adhesives & Sealants

Intent: • Reduce the quantity of indoor air contaminants that are odorous, irritating, and or harmful to

the comfort and well-being of installers and occupants.Implementation: • all ADHESIVES and SEALANTS used in interior of building (inside weather proofing system &

applied on-site) is to comply with South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule #1168 and Green Seal (GS) Standard for Commercial Adhesives GS-36.

• flooring adhesives, fire-stopping sealants, caulking, duct sealants, plumbing adhesives, cove base adhesives.

Code: • South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule #1168, October 3, 2003

Amendment• Green Seal Standard 36 (GS-36), Oct, 2000Submittal Phase:• construction

EQ Credit 4.2 Low Emitting Materials

- Paints & Coatings

EQ Credit 4.2: 1 Point Low Emitting Materials - Paints & Coatings

Intent: • Reduce the quantity of indoor air contaminants that are odorous, irritating, and or harmful to

the comfort and well-being of installers and occupants.Implementation: • all PAINT and COATINGS used in interior of building to comply with following:

– PAINTS : Green Seal (GS) 11 – Anti-Corrosive and Anti-Rust Paints : GS-03 – Clear Wood Finishes, Floor Coatings, Stains, Sealers, Shellacs: SCAQMD Rule 1113

Code: • Green Seal Standard GS-11• Green Seal Standard GS-03• SCAQMD: South Coast Air Quality Management District Rule 1113, Architectural CoatingsSubmittal Phase:• construction

EQ Credit 4.3 Low Emitting Materials

- Carpet Systems

EQ Credit 4.3: 1 Point Low Emitting Materials – Carpet Systems

Intent:• Reduce the quantity of indoor air contaminants that are odorous, irritating, and or harmful to

the comfort and well-being of installers and occupants.Implementation:• All CARPET and CARPET CUSHIONS installed in building interior shall meet testing and

product requirement of the Carpet and Rug Institute’s Green Label Plus Program. • All carpet adhesives shall meet EQ4.1.Code:• Carpet and Rug Institute Green Label Plus Testing Program.Submittal Phase:• construction

EQ Credit 4.4 Low Emitting Materials

- Composite Wood & Agrifiber

EQ Credit 4.4: 1 Point Low Emitting Materials - Composite Wood & Agrifiber

Intent:• Reduce the quantity of indoor air contaminants that are odorous, irritating, and or harmful to

the comfort and well-being of installers and occupants.Implementation:• Composite wood and Agrifiber products (MDF, particleboard, plywood, wheatboard,

strawboard, panel substrates, door cores) used in interior of building shall contain NO ADDED UREA FORMALDEHYDE RESINS.

Code:• noneSubmittal Phase:• construction

EQ Credit 5 Indoor Chemical and Pollutant

Source Control

EQ Credit 5: 1 Point Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control

Intent: • Minimize potentially hazardous particulates and chemical pollutants.Implementation: • Minimize and control pollutant entry• Minimize Cross contamination between occupied areas• Install permanent entryway systems at least 6 -0"′ long to capture dirt

– grates – grills

• Exhaust rooms where hazardous chemicals are stored – keep negative pressure at .50 cfm/sf

• If Mechanically Vented , installed filters should have MERV 13 rating or betterCodes: • ASHRAE 52.2-1999: Method of Testing General Ventilation Air Cleaning Devices for Removal

Efficiency by Particle SizeSubmittal Phase:• design

EQ Credit 6.1 Controllability of Systems

- Lighting

EQ Credit 6.1: 1 PointControllability of Systems - Lighting

Intent:• Provide high levels of lighting system control by individual occupants or multi-occupant

spaces for various tasks for occupant’s comfort and well-being.Implementation: • Individual lighting controls for 90% minimum of building occupants• Multi-occupant lighting system controls that meet group needs and preferencesCode:• noneSubmittal Phase:• design

EQ Credit 6.2 Controllability of Systems

- Thermal Comfort

EQ Credit 6.2: 1 PointControllability of Systems – Thermal Comfort

Intent:• Provide high level of thermal comfort system control for individuals and multi-occupant

spaces to promote productivity, comfort and well being of building occupants.Implementation:• Individual comfort controls for 50% min. of building occupants.• Operable windows are OK instead if:

– occupants are stationed within 20 -0″ inside′ and 10 -0″ to either side′ of the window opening.

– meets standards of ASHRAE 62.1-2004 for natural ventilation• Also provide thermal comfort controls for multi-occupancy rooms, adjustable to suit needs of

various groups to occupy the space. – thermal comfort conditions under ASHRAE 55-2004

Codes:• ASHRAE 62.1-2004: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality• ASHRAE 55-2004: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human OccupancySubmittal Phase:• design

EQ Credit 7.1 Thermal Comfort - Design

EQ Credit 7.1: 1 PointThermal Comfort - Design

Intent:• Provide a comfortable thermal environment supporting productivity and well-being of

building occupants.Implementation:• Design HVAC systems and Building Envelope per ASHRAE 55-2004.• Evaluate air temp. radiant temp, air speed, relative humidity• Coordinate with EQ P1. EQ 1, & EQ 2.Code:• ASHRAE 55-2004: Thermal Comfort Conditions for Human OccupancySubmittal Phase:• design

EQ Credit 7.2 Thermal Comfort - Verification

EQ Credit 7.2: 1 PointThermal Comfort - Verification

Intent:• Assessment of building’s thermal comfort over time.Implementation:• Survey within 6-18 months after occupancy

– anonymous responses of overall satisfaction of thermal performance• If 20% or more of building occupants dissatisfied, develop a plan for corrective action

– Plan should be in accordance with ASHRAE 55-2004 Code:• ASHRAE 55-2004: Thermal Comfort Conditions for Human OccupancySubmittal Phase:• design

EQ Credit 8.1 Daylighting and Views - Daylight 75% of Spaces

EQ Credit 8.1: 1 PointDaylighting and Views - Daylight 75% of Spaces

Intent:• Provide connection between indoor and outdoor spaces through introduction of daylight and

views into regularly occupied areas of the building.Implementation:• OPTION 1 - GLAZING FACTOR CALCULATION

– achieve min. 2% glazing factor in minimum of 75% of regularly occupied areas.• OPTION 2 - DAYLIGHT SIMULATION MODEL

– through computer simulation, demonstrate min. daylight illumination level of 25 footcandles in min. of 75% of regularly occupied areas.

• OPTION 3 - DAYLIGHT MEASUREMENT – through records of indoor light measurements, demonstrate daylight illumination level

of 25 footcandles in min. of 75% of regularly occupied areas.• ALL CASES

– only area associated with room (actual square footage) can be applied toward the 75% total area calculation

– provide daylight redirection and/or glare control devices

EQ Credit 8.1: 1 PointDaylighting and Views - Daylight 75% of Spaces

Code:• noneExtra Credit:• Provide daylighting for 90% (instead of 75%) of occupied areas.Submittal Phase: • design

EQ Credit 8.2 Daylighting and Views - Daylight 90% of Spaces

EQ Credit 8.2: 1 PointDaylighting and Views - Daylight 90% of Spaces

Intent:• Provide connection between indoor and outdoor spaces through introduction of daylight and

views into regularly occupied areas of the building.Implementation:• Achieve direct line of site to outdoor for occupants in 90% of all regularly occupied areas

– glazing between 2 -6″ & 7 -6″′ ′– Plan View:

• area within sight lines drawing from perimeter vision glazing– Section View:

• direct line of sight can be drawn from area to perimeter vision glazingCode:• noneExtra Credit:• case by case basisSubmittal Phase:• design

LEED NCIndoor Environmental

Air QualityINTENT

Slide Editor: James A. StrapkoLEED Source: www.intheleed.com