industrial ecology of bangalore
DESCRIPTION
A study of industrial ecology of Bangalore.TRANSCRIPT
Industrial Ecology of Bangalorea visualisation case study
Guide:
Dr. B. Baral
A project by:
Zalak UpadhyayManoj ManduvaShilpa
Industrial Ecology
De�nitionIndustrial Ecology (IE) is an interdisciplinary �eld that focuses on the sustainable combination of environment, economy and technology.
Refers toHow humans use natural resources in the production of goods and services
Humans Natural resources
Goods & Services
Environment
Technology
Economy
ApproachUses similar principles that as natural systems, industrial systems can be improved to reduce their impact on the natural environment as well
UsesEcology is used as a metaphor due to the observation that natural systems reuse materi-als and have a largely closed loop cycling of nutrients
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industries in Bangalore
Manufacturing Industry Information Technology Biotechnology Floriculture Aerospace Aviation
Bangalore evolved into a manufacturing hub for heavy industries such as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Indian Telephone Industries (ITI), Hindustan Machine Tools and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) after India gained independence from Great Britain in 1947. Within the last decade, the establish-ment and success of high technology firms in Bangalore has led to the growth of Information Technology (IT) in India. IT firms in Bangalore employ about 35% of India's pool of 10 lakh (1 million) IT professionals. Bangalore accounts for the highest IT-related exports in the country.
Other heavy industries in Bangalore include Bharat Electronics Limited,Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Indian Telephone Industries (ITI), Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML), Hindustan Machine Tools (HMT) and Hindustan Motors (HM).
Bangalore is also becoming a destination for the automotive industry. Toyota has a manufacturing plant in Bangalore while Daihatsu is planning on building a factory soon. Hindustan Motors also has a manufacturing facility in Bangalore as does Volvo Trucks.
Bangalore houses many small and medium scale industries in its Peenya industrial area that claimed to be one of the biggest in Asia 30-years ago.
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industries in BangaloreManufacturing Industry Information Technology Biotechnology Floriculture Aerospace Aviation
Bangalore is called the 'Silicon Valley of India' due to the large number of information technology companies located there. Many multinational corpo-rations, especially computer hardware and software giants, have operations in Bangalore.
Bangalore's IT industry is divided into two main "clusters" — Electronics City and Whitefield. New clusters in Bellandur and Challaghatta have emerged in the last few years along the Outer and Inner Ring Roads and in C. V. Raman Nagar near Old Madras Road.
Electronics City, located in the southern outskirts of Bangalore, is an industrial park spread over 330 acres (1.3 km2). Electronics City was formed in 1978. 3M, Hewlett Packard and Siemens are some of Electronic City's clients. Infosys and Wipro, India's second and third largest software companies, are headquartered in Electronics City. The Software Technology Parks of India, Bangalore (STPI) was started at Electronics City in 1991 by the Minis-try of Information Technology. STPI Bangalore counts among the premier and oldest Internet Service Providers (ISP) in India. It was the first center to be Internet-enabled in India. Nortel Networks is a prominent client of STPI Bangalore.
Whitefield cluster is home to the International Technology Park Bangalore. It was created as a result of a joint venture between India and Singapore in January 1994. It is a large facility, comprising 6 buildings — Discoverer, Innovator, Creator, Explorer , Inventor and Navigator. The 7th building, be-longing to TCS, is in the process of being built. The Export Promotion Zone(EPIP) in Whitefield provides campus facilities for SAP, iGATE, Dell, TCS, Unisys, Delphi, Huawei, Oracle, Perot Systems. Captive centres of Tesco, Shell, Aviva, GM, Schneider Electric, GE and DaimlerChrysler are also located in Whitefield.
The Inner Ring Road cluster near the HAL Airport in Challaghatta includes Dell, Microsoft, IBM, Yahoo, NetApp, McAfee, Bearing Point, Fidelity, ANZ, LG, Covansys, Synergy, PSI Data, Target, Misys, Dendrite, Sasken, BPL Sanyo, OpenSilicon and Lenovo.
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industries in BangaloreManufacturing Industry Information Technology Biotechnology Floriculture Aerospace Aviation
Bangalore as a base for biotechnology companies stems from Karnataka's comprehensive biotechnology policy, described by the Karnataka Vision Group on Biotechnology. In 2003-2004, Karnataka attracted the maximum venture capital funding for biotechnology in the country - $8 million. Biocon, headquartered in Bangalore, is the nation's leading biotechnology company and ranks 16th in the world in revenues.
Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), initiated by Biotechnology vision group, ICICI and Biocon (located at ITPL) is trying to shape revolutionary scientists in the field.
Like the software industry which initially drew most of its workforce from the local public sector engineering industries, the biotechnology industry had access to talent from the National Center of Biological Sciences (NCBS) and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc).
And Indian Biotechnology Research Organisation (IBRO) is recently under process of development to boost Biotechnology Growth in India, providing the Advanced Research and Talent pool to India from IBRO, whose mission and vission is Research and Development in Biotechnology to make India as a Global Leader in Biotechnology.
Other Major Biotechnology company based out of Bangalore is Advanta India.
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industries in BangaloreManufacturing Industry Information Technology Biotechnology Floriculture Aerospace Aviation
Bangalore's salubrious climate is ideal for floriculture. The IT city is emerging as an international hub for cultivation and exports of cut flowers. The IT hub of India is now busy exporting cut flowers and roses to European countries as well as to Russia, Japan and Singapore. With the growth in the cut flower export business, the state government as well as the National Horticulture Board is now extending financial support to farmers who are keen to start this business.
Bangalore accounts for 70% of all rose exports from India and leads in floriculture business.
Karuturi Global Limited located in Bangalore is world's largest grower of cut roses.
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industries in BangaloreManufacturing Industry Information Technology Biotechnology Floriculture Aerospace Aviation
In June 1972, the Government of India set up the Space Commission and Department of Space (DOS).
India's premier space research organization, the ISRO was created under the DOS and headquartered in Bangalore. The main objective of ISRO includes development of satellites and launch vehicles.
Aryabhata, India's first satellite, was developed and successfully launched by ISRO. Since then, the organization has successfully launched numerous other satellites such as Bhaskara, Rohini, APPLE, and the INSAT series, and successfully deployed PSLVs and GSLVs.
ISRO also heads India's ambitious moon program.
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Industries in BangaloreManufacturing Industry Information Technology Biotechnology Floriculture Aerospace Aviation
Long before Bangalore was called the Silicon Valley of India, the city made its name as headquarters to some of the largest public sector heavy indus-tries of India. The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) headquarters was based in Bangalore, and was dedicated to research and development ac-tivities for indigenous fighter aircraft for the Indian Air Force. With over 9,500 employees, it is one of the largest public sector employers in Banga-lore.
Today, HAL manufactures, under license, various fighter aircraft for the Indian Air Force (IAF) including Sukhoi 30 Flankers and Jaguars. HAL also de-velops indigenous products for the IAF such as HAL Tejas, HAL Dhruv and HAL HF-24 Marut.
The National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) is also headquartered in Bangalore and is dedicated to the development of civil aviation technologies. Incorporated in 1960, NAL often works in conjunction with the HAL and has a staff strength of over 1,300 employees. NAL also investigates aircraft malfeasance.
A 1,000-acre (4.0 km2) special economic zone for the aerospace industry is being setup near the upcoming Bangalore International Airport. Bangalore is also home to large domestic airlines - Simplifly Deccan and Kingfisher Airlines.
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Rampura lake
Yellamma lake
Whitefield lake
EOIZ
EPIP I & II
Kadugodi Industrial Area
Hoskote Industrial Area
Sadaramangala Industrial Area
Whitefield Industrial Area
700 IndustriesMajorly IT industries
15 km
14 km
17.5 km
18.5 km
20.5 km
20.5 km
HindustanMotors
Indian Telephone Industry
NE
E
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
SE
E
Madivala Lake
Hebbagodi Lake
Electronic City
330 Acres of land
Estd in 1978
Majorly IT companies
Bommasandra Industrial Area
Veerasandra Industrial Area
AttebeleIndustrial Area
20 km
24 km
24 km
30 km
BIOCON
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
SW
W
Kumbalgodu Industrial Area
BidadiIndustrial Area
HarohalliIndustrial Area
JiganiIndustrial Area
BHEL
HAL
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
NW
W
PeenyaIndustrial Area
HMTIndustrial Area
Apparel Park
Doddabalapur Industrial Area
Yelahanka Lake
Hebbal Lake
Veeragara Lake
18 km
15 km
17 km
20 km
ISRO
BEL
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Pharmaceuticals
Raw material: Organic compounds and water.
Waste: Water by washing of equipment and floors. Synthesis of vitamin B12. Manufacturing of antibiotics .
Treatment: Toxic compounds like cyanide are removed by precipitation.
BOD levels are reduced by 95%.
Bod levels of 30 to 13000 mg/lt.500 m3 of hazardous waste every 24 hrs.
Ishaan LabsPI Drugs
Solvay Pharma
Meridich Labs
Bio Pharma
Bentley & Remington
0
14
9
PH L
evel
s
50 mg/lt
13000 mg/lt
BO
D L
evel
s
for organiccompounds
for antibiotics
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Chemical
Raw material: Organic compounds and water for cooling and transporation of waste.
Waste: The temperature of waste water is high. Toxic compounds like phenols & cyanides. Treatment: Toxic compounds like cyanide are removed by precipitation.
ACEAlkali & Chemicals
Alpine knits
Bangalore Chem
Ashwin Associates
Anand Chem
0
14
9
PH L
evel
s
50 mg/lt
13000 mg/lt
BO
D L
evel
s
for organiccompounds
for antibiotics
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Plastic Recycling
Raw material: 5600 ton of plastic waste is produced per day. It is sold at 12-15 INR per kg.75 tons recycled everyday.
Waste: Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrous oxides.
The plastic pots used by villagers release poisonous sub-stances on degeneration. Treatment: Toxic compounds like cyanide are removed by precipitation.
0
14
7
PH L
evel
s
50 mg/lt
13000 mg/lt
BO
D L
evel
s
for organiccompounds
for inorganiccompounds
Dion polymers
Kasturi Polymers
Nandi Polymers
Hindustan Polymers
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Plastic Products
Raw material: Ethane, Vinyl chloride, Phenols, coolant water.
Waste: Acidic coolant water with plastic as suspension or emulsion.
Treatment: Sludge plant or chemical precipitation.
0
14
8
3
PH L
evel
s
200 mg/lt
10000 mg/lt
BO
D L
evel
s
V.S plastics
JJ Polymers
Ratna fibre
Fibro Reinforced
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Stainless Steel
Raw material: Iron ore, Oil, Other Metals, Industrial Gas,Water: 4 m3 to 8 m3 per 1000 m3 of gas.
Waste: Water with cyanides, sulphur, Phenol,dust and ore particles.Temperature 30 - 500c.8 m3 / ton of slag produces.pH values 1.5 - 4.55% of grease in water
Treatment: Addition of sodium chloride for breaking, neautralization and precipitation.
0
14
4.5
1.5
PH L
evel
s
Hindustan steels &Engg Co.
Panchdhatu
Bhansali
Sanghvi Steels
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Biotechnology
Raw material: Organic compounds, water
Waste: Water with nutrients and microscopic bacteria.Other organic compounds.
Treatment: Microscopic filamertous bacteria in activated sludge.Nutrient removal process and phosphorous removal.
0
14
7
PH L
evel
s
BioOrganics andapplied Material
Green Earth
Millipore India
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
Study of Peenya Industrial Area
Kodigehalli Lake
Polluted by Municipal Sewage and Industrial waste water.
BOD levels are 7000
0
14
7.5
PH L
evel
s
7000 mg/lt
BO
D L
evel
s
Industrial Ecology IID ‘09
GlossarypH Level : pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the cologarithm of the activity of dissolved hydrogen ions (H+). Hydrogen ion
activity coefficients cannot be measured experimentally, so they are based on theoretical calculations. The pH scale is not an absolute scale; it is relative to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement
Pure water is said to be neutral. The pH for pure water at 25 °C (77 °F) is close to 7.0. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic and solu-tions with a pH greater than 7 are said to be basic or alkaline. pH measurements are important in medicine, biology, chemistry, food science, environ-mental science, oceanography and many other applications.
BOD Level : Biochemical oxygen demand or BOD is a chemical procedure for determining the uptake rate of dissolved oxygen by the biological organisms in a body of water. It is not a precise quantitative test, although it is widely used as an indication of the quality of water.
BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.