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Industrial Wastewater Discharge Industrial Wastewater Discharge

and Environmentand Environment

Prepared and Presented by

Dr. Helaley Abdel Hady Helaley

Chief of Industrial Wastewater, Sludge and Reuse Sector

Alexandria Sanitary Drainage Company.

١International Summit: 19 – 20 January 2014

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Analyzing the Environmental Analyzing the Environmental impact of industrial wastewaterimpact of industrial wastewater

1. Impact on sewerage system.2. Impact on water bodies.

3. Impact on factories environment

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Direct discharge into Alexandria public sewerage systems

1. Impact on sewerage system

Treatment plants Pump stations Pipelines

Acids and alkaline discharge

Oil, Grease & Detergents

Sudden flow changes

Sulphides

Organic Solvents

Organic solvents

Dissolved bubble gases

Scum

Grit and suspended solids

Scum

Heavy Metals

Hazardous organic matter

High Temperatrure

Detergents

Organic and inorganic SS

Impacts

- Corrosion

- Flow reduction .

- Precipitation .

- Clogging and flooding.

- The difference in the speed of the flow of water inside pipes

- The escalation of toxic hazardous gases to workers.

- Reduce the life span of the network.

impacts

•Blockage in screens as a result

of the accumulation of scum

layers is difficult to remove, reduce screening efficiency .

•Difficulty of sludge drying process.• •Impeding the processing of

primary and secondary treatment

operation which affects the re-use of treated . •Increasing organic load of the effluent

impacts

- The escalation of gases cause suffocation for the workers.

- Corrosion of moving parts causing pump failure

- Rise in pump temperature.

- Corrosion in the pump column.

1. Impact on sewerage system

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Main industrial pollution sources into Alexandria water bodies

2. Impact on Water Bodies

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Along the coast of Abu-Qir Bay, there exist about22 different factories representing four major

categories of industrial wastes which are: foodprocessing and canning, paper industry, fertilizers

industry and textile manufacturing.

The wastes of these industries are of either

organic or inorganic nature and are pumped to thesea through El-Tabia pumping station; it pumps

out an average amount of 1.5–2.0 million m3 ofpolluted water per day

1. Abo Qir bay pollution sources

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West Zone of Abo Qir bay and the main industries disposing their

effluents into it.

Industrial Companies that

discharges directly into

Amia drain then to Abo Qir

through Tabia pump

station:

- National paper company.

- Kaha for preserved foods

Co.

- Agrokim for Agricultural

Chemicals co.

- Chemics for pesticides

co.

-Nasr for drying

agricultural.

Industrial Companies that

discharges directly into Abo

Qir Bay at Alexandria

Governorate

-Abo Qir for Fertilizers co.

-Abo Qir power station.

-60 Ton TSS.

In addition to discharge of four big companies at Kafr El-

Dawar with rate of 95000 m3/day

Abo Qir bay pollution risk

The pollution of Abu-Qir Bay region induceda panic oxidative stress in fish living in this

area.

This indicates that the industrial wastewatertreatment in this area is not adequate toavoid the hazardous effects of such

pollutants.

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Impacts of Marine Pollution

1. Create unpleasant sea shore conditions.

2. Affecting different touristic activities.

3. Affecting fishery activities.

1 - Water quality deterioration 2 - Reduction of surface area 3 - Reduction of lake production 4 - Lake depth flocculation

2. Lake Maryout problems

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*Total discharge on lake maryout 11,7 Mm3

Discharge quantities on lake maryout

Fresh water 7 2,7

Mm3/day, 23% of

total discharge.

Agricultural drains,

8 Mm3/day,

68% of total

discharge.

Domestic drains,

900 thousand m3/day,

7.7% of total

discharge.

Industrial drains,

63 thousand

m3/day,

0.54% of total

discharge.

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Direct discharge of industries into Maryout lakeDirect discharge of industries into Maryout lake

There are 6 main companies discharges its industrialwastewater through lake Maryout.

1-Misr Amreya Spinning & Weaving (12,000 m3/d).

2-Petrochemical Company (25,000 m3/d).

3-El Amreya Petroleum Refinery Company (10,000 m3/d).

4-Salt and Soda Company (120 m3/day).

5-Sidi Krir Petrochemical Company (1000 m3/day).

6-Misr Petroleum Company (35 m3/day).

The Total Direct Discharges = 48,155 m3/day

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Different Industrial,

agricultural and sanitary

sources on Lake Maryout

Misr Petroleum

Amriya Petroleum

West Noubaria drain

Misr Petroleum Merghem

Am

riya

Text

ile

Salt and Soda Co.

Petrochemicals Co.

Sidi Krir for petrochemicals Co.

Alex Fiber Co.

Agricultural drains

Roads

Canal water

Drains

Indirect discharge

Domestic sewage

Direct discharge

The major reason of the poor water quality in the Lake Maryout is the disposal

of up to 900,000 m3/d of primary effluent of ETP and WTP discharges into lake

Maryout and direct discharges from petroleum and chemicals industeries .

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The dissolved

oxygen concentration in the Lake drops

to as low as

0.2 mg/L

with high concentration of

Nitrogen.

This effluent has high organic load and low oxygen content.

Activities to restore the Lake ecosystem

Increase the dredging activity of the sediments in all basins in order to improve water circulation, self cleaning and fish production

- Reeds harvesting, by the provision of additional machines to the fishery department. This activity could become financially self sustainable by the development of a paper making industry that would buy the reeds.

- Provision of engineered wetland in strategic locations (Oumoum and Kalaa drains outfalls) in order to reduce the organic pollution and nutrient loads of water entering the Lake

- Aerating the water at the outlet of the WTP and Kalaa drain in order to increase the BOD and decrease the H2S emissions

--Increasing the water level and thus the storage capacity of certain basins.

• El_ mex bay receives 10-

12 Mm3/day of the

overflow of Maryout lake

through El-mex pump

station.

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El Max bay pollution problems -3

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Direct discharge of industrial waste into elDirect discharge of industrial waste into el--mexmex bay.bay.Direct discharge of industrial waste into elDirect discharge of industrial waste into el--mexmex bay.bay.

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ElMex tanneries complexEl Mex pump stations

From the preliminary survey it was found that all factory's

for 93 with the limits of Law not complying effluents were

year 1962 and its presidential decree 44 for year 2000.

They was dispose their raw wastewater directly into the sewerage

system, which creates chronic street flooding problems all over the

industrial zones.

As well as affecting the quality of the old treatment plant influent

located at the east of the city and accordingly will affect the newly

instructed tertiary treatment plant.

Borg El-Arab is a new industrial city within Alexandria containing around 1200

factory distributed within four industrial zones. The actual working is 700.

Industrial activities includes: food, plastics, paper, weaving, building materials,

chemical, pharmaceutical and various industries….etc.

3. Impact on Factories environment

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• Microbial pollution and production operation threatening

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• Unpleasant odor emissions.

• Flies problem.

• Visual pollution.

• Traffic problems

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In and Out Infrastructure threatening

stress on the Under these circumstances we would like to

to assure line Monitoring systems-Onimportance of applying

effective control of industrial effluent quality to define on spot the

violating industries and effective to enforcing industries to minimize

their effluent pollutants .

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To minimize the amount of industrial discharges it must be encourage investment in the field of environment-friendly

production technologies, applying sustainable industrial

wastewater treatment options andencouraging using the most favored waste minimization

options

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Cease Industrial Pollution = Clean Environment

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