industrialization. big industries black gold – importance? edwin drake & oil kerosene vs....
TRANSCRIPT
Industrialization
Big IndustriesBlack Gold – Importance?
Edwin Drake & OilKerosene vs. Gasoline
Steel – Importance?Bessemer ProcessIron vs. Steel
Transcontinental Railroad
Central Pacific and Union Pacific worked to complete project
May 10, 1869 marks completion of 1st transcontinental railroad in Utah
(10 year process)
Many Immigrants from Ireland, China and war veterans worked the railways
Creation of times zones
Effects of RailroadsRailroads brought opportunity to many
Steel, Coal, Iron, Lumber, Glass IndustriesTowns FlourishedCredit Mobilier Company & Scandal
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) created to monitor railroad activities and set rates
Not truly effective until under Teddy Roosevelt
Robber BaronsJohn Rockefeller
Founded Standard Oil Co.
Account for 90% of US Oil
Implemented ruthless business tactics
Pay workers low
Once gaining control of market, hike prices high
Created a Monopoly
Wealthiest man in US history
Andrew CarnegieBegan in RR, left & formed Carnegie Steel Co.
Develop many new business strategies like Horizontal & Vertical integration
Both are examples of Social Darwinism
Railways lead to New Business Strategies (Textbook pg. 448)
Vertical Integration Horizontal Integration
Buy out suppliers of competition
Buy up competition
Raw Materials Similar Products Merge
Trusts Corporations
What is chart showing?
Social Darwinism & Laissez Faire
“Social Darwinism”Based on Darwin’s theory of evolution“Natural Selection” or “Survival of the Fittest”
Laissez Faire“Hands Off” economyNo Government Involvement
Labor & Unions Relationships
1. Who generally worked in the factory?
2. What conditions did many factory workers face in the late 19th century?
3. What did labor unions advocate? Be Specific
4. What different types of labor unions were emerging during the nation’s industrial boom?
5. What were some of the methods used by unions in order to achieve their goals?
Multiple Unions
Name of Union Leader Tactics Achievements
Public reaction to the strikes?
Great Strike of 18772 month long RR strikeFederal troops had to intervene
Haymarket Affair - 18867 police officers killed, several workers died after bomb was tossed at policeEffect: Public begins to turn against strikes.
Sources: library of congres, getty images
Homestead Strike
1. Strike @ Carnegie Steel in PA
2. Plant operator hired “scabs” to replace workers
3. PA National Guard needed to restore order3 guards and 9 workers dead
4. Strike lasted from July-Nov., but lost most of effectiveness due to replacement workers.